Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3

Definition:

Essential hepatic enzyme that catalyzes the oxygenation of a wide variety of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds including drugs as well as dietary compounds. Plays an important role in the metabolism of trimethylamine (TMA), via the production of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) metabolite. TMA is generated by the action of gut microbiota using dietary precursors such as choline, choline containing compounds, betaine or L-carnitine. By regulating TMAO concentration, FMO3 directly impacts both platelet responsiveness and rate of thrombus formation.

References:

[1]. Yadira X Perez-Paramo, et al. Nicotine- N'-Oxidation by Flavin Monooxygenase Enzymes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2019 Feb;28(2):311-320. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sunil Veeravalli, et al. Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase 1 Catalyzes the Production of Taurine from Hypotaurine. Drug Metab Dispos. 2020 May;48(5):378-385. [Content Brief]

[3]. R L Haining, et al. Baculovirus-mediated expression and purification of human FMO3: catalytic, immunochemical, and structural characterization. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Jul;25(7):790-7. [Content Brief]

[4]. H C Rawden, et al. Relative contribution of cytochromes P-450 and flavin-containing monoxygenases to the metabolism of albendazole by human liver microsomes. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;49(4):313-22. [Content Brief]

[5]. D H Lang, et al. Isoform specificity of trimethylamine N-oxygenation by human flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) and P450 enzymes: selective catalysis by FMO3. Biochem Pharmacol. 1998 Oct 15;56(8):1005-12. [Content Brief]

[6]. W Zhu, et al. Flavin monooxygenase 3, the host hepatic enzyme in the metaorganismal trimethylamine N-oxide-generating pathway, modulates platelet responsiveness and thrombosis risk. J Thromb Haemost. 2018 Sep;16(9):1857-1872. [Content Brief]

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