2. GPCR/G Protein Neuronal Signaling
  3. 5-HT Receptor
  4. AP521

AP521 is an agonist of human 5-HT1A receptor with an IC50 of 94 nM.

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AP521 Chemical Structure

AP521 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 151227-08-6

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

AP521 Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

View All 5-HT Receptor Isoform Specific Products:

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5-HT1 Receptor 5-HT2 Receptor 5-HT3 Receptor 5-HT4 Receptor 5-HT5 Receptor 5-HT6 Receptor 5-HT7 Receptor 5-HT Receptor

  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

AP521 is an agonist of human 5-HT1A receptor with an IC50 of 94 nM.

IC50 & Target

5-HT1A Receptor

94 nM (IC50, in human)

5-HT1A Receptor

135 nM (IC50, in rat)

5-HT1B Receptor

254 nM (IC50, in rat)

5-HT1B Receptor

5530 nM (IC50, in human)

5-HT1D Receptor

418 nM (IC50, in human)

5-HT5A Receptor

422 nM (IC50, in human)

5-HT7 Receptor

198 nM (IC50, in rat)

In Vitro

AP521 is an agonist of human 5-HT1A receptor with IC50s of 135, 94, 254, 5530, 418, 422 and 198 nM for 5-HT1A (rat), 5-HT1A (human), 5-HT1B (rat), 5-HT1B (human), 5-HT1D (human), 5-HT5a (human) and 5-HT7 (rat), respectively. AP521 also decreases the forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation from 10 nM to 10 μM[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

AP521 Related Antibodies
In Vivo

AP521 significantly increases the number of shock acceptances [F(5,105)=4.46, P<0.01] at doses between 0.5 to 10 mg/kg. Oral administration of AP521 at 3 and 10 mg/kg significantly decreases freezing time [F(3,60)=2.89, P<0.05]. AP521 significantly increases the time spent on the open arms by approximately 2-fold as compare to the vehicle treated group [F(3, 36)=4.21, P<0.05 for AP521]. The anxiolytic-like effect of AP521 appears to be dose-related. AP521 significantly increases the extracellular 5-HT level of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) at 10 mg/kg from 0.5 to 1 h after administration. AP521 at 3 mg/kg tends to increase the extracellular 5-HT level, however, this increase is not significant[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

402.89

Formula

C20H19ClN2O3S
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C([C@H]1CC(C2=CC=CC=C2S3)=C3CN1)NCC4=CC=C(OCO5)C5=C4.[H]Cl
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (62.05 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.4821 mL 12.4103 mL 24.8207 mL
5 mM 0.4964 mL 2.4821 mL 4.9641 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

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Concentration (final)

C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.21 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.21 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
References
Cell Assay
[1]

Membranes of neurotransmitter receptors are prepared from the tissues of rat, mouse, and guinea pig or from recombinant cells. These membranes are incubated in assay buffers containing selective radioligand for each receptor and AP521. After the incubation, the mixture is vacuum filtered through a glass membrane filter and washed by cold reaction buffer. Afterward, the radioactivity of the filters is counted[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[1]

Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250 to 300 g are anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg, i.p.) and placed on a stereotaxic apparatus. Dialysis probes with an outer diameter of 0.105 mm are inserted into the guide cannulae so that 3.0 mm of the probes are exposed to the tissue of the medial prefrontal cortex. Rats are housed individually after these operations. On the following day, perfusion is started in the home cage using artificial cerebrospinal fluid (145 mM NaCl, 3.0 mM KCl, 1.3 mM CaCl2, 1.0 mM MgCl2) at a flow rate of 2 mL/min. AP521 (3, 10 mg/kg), tandospirone (10 mg/kg) or vehicle are administered subcutaneously 60 min after sample collection started. The dialysate samples are collected every 30 min for 180 min and extracellular levels of 5-HT are determined[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.4821 mL 12.4103 mL 24.8207 mL 62.0517 mL
5 mM 0.4964 mL 2.4821 mL 4.9641 mL 12.4103 mL
10 mM 0.2482 mL 1.2410 mL 2.4821 mL 6.2052 mL
15 mM 0.1655 mL 0.8274 mL 1.6547 mL 4.1368 mL
20 mM 0.1241 mL 0.6205 mL 1.2410 mL 3.1026 mL
25 mM 0.0993 mL 0.4964 mL 0.9928 mL 2.4821 mL
30 mM 0.0827 mL 0.4137 mL 0.8274 mL 2.0684 mL
40 mM 0.0621 mL 0.3103 mL 0.6205 mL 1.5513 mL
50 mM 0.0496 mL 0.2482 mL 0.4964 mL 1.2410 mL
60 mM 0.0414 mL 0.2068 mL 0.4137 mL 1.0342 mL
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AP521 Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

AP521151227-08-6AP 521AP-5215-HT ReceptorSerotonin Receptor5-hydroxytryptamine ReceptorInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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