2. Immunology/Inflammation
  3. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor
  4. Diosmin

Diosmin is a flavonoid found in a variety of citrus fruits and also an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR).

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Diosmin Chemical Structure

Diosmin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 520-27-4

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Diosmin Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Diosmin is a flavonoid found in a variety of citrus fruits and also an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR).

IC50 & Target

AhR[1]
In Vitro

Treatment with Diosmin causes a dose dependent increase in the amount of adducts formed (up to a 7-fold increase in adducts at 5 μM Diosmin). At 5 μM, Diosmin increases the cytotoxicity of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, shifting the IC50 from an estimated 1.2 μM to 400 nM. Diosmin is not cytotoxic in itself at the concentrations tested. Diosmin causes an increase in CYPIAI activity in MCF-7 cells in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Diosmin causes a dose-dependent increase in CYPIAI mRNA after 24 h of incubation, causes a long-lasting increase in CYPIAI mRNA accumu lation that reaches its peak after 48 h of incubation[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Diosmin Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Diosmin significantly decreases the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increases the activities of total-superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) in the retina of rats compare with the ischemia group (P<0.05), and suppresses the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced reduction in the a- and b-wave amplitudes of the electroretinograms (ERGs) (P<0.05). The thickness of the entire retina, inner nuclear layer, inner plexiform layer, and outer retinal layer and the number of cells in the ganglion cell layer are significantly less after I/R injury (P<0.05), and Diosmin remarkably ameliorates these changes on retinal morphology. Diosmin also attenuates the I/R-induced loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of the rat retina (P<0.05)[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

608.54

Formula

C28H32O15
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to light brown

SMILES

O=C1C=C(C2=CC=C(OC)C(O)=C2)OC3=CC(O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](C)O5)O)O)O)O4)O)O)O)=CC(O)=C13
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (164.33 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.6433 mL 8.2164 mL 16.4328 mL
5 mM 0.3287 mL 1.6433 mL 3.2866 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

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Volume (start)

V1

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C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.11 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (4.11 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    This protocol yields a clear solution of 2.5 mg/mL. If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.51%

COA (249 KB) HNMR (310 KB) LCMS (87 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Cell Assay
[1]

MCF-7 cells are plated at 25,000 cells/well in 24-well plates. After 24 h, the medium is changed to medium containing 5 μM Diosmin. After an additional 24 h, the medium is again changed with medium containing 5 μM Diosmin. After 3 days, the total cell growth is assessed by sulforhodamine[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[2]

Healthy male Wistar rats (n=112) weighing 180 to 200 g each are used in this study. The animals are randomly assigned to the following 4 groups, which include combinations of the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model or sham injury with the i.g. administration of Diosmin or vehicle solution: sham+vehicle (SV) group, sham+Diosmin (SD) group, model+vehicle (MV) group, and model+Diosmin (MD) group. For intragastric administration, 5 mL of 2% Diosmin per kilogram weight of the rat, or the same volume of vehicle solution, is administered intragastrically 30 min before the onset of ischemia, and then daily after I/R injury until the animals are sacrificed. Using an overdose of anesthesia, 8 rats from each group are sacrificed 24 h after I/R injury, and their eyeballs harvested for determination of the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the activities of total-superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT). At 7 days post-I/R injury, electroretinograms (ERGs) are recorded in 6 rats per group. Meanwhile, 6 rats in each group are randomly chosen for retrograde labeling of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) , and the remaining 8 rats from each group are histopathologically examined[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 1.6433 mL 8.2164 mL 16.4328 mL 41.0819 mL
5 mM 0.3287 mL 1.6433 mL 3.2866 mL 8.2164 mL
10 mM 0.1643 mL 0.8216 mL 1.6433 mL 4.1082 mL
15 mM 0.1096 mL 0.5478 mL 1.0955 mL 2.7388 mL
20 mM 0.0822 mL 0.4108 mL 0.8216 mL 2.0541 mL
25 mM 0.0657 mL 0.3287 mL 0.6573 mL 1.6433 mL
30 mM 0.0548 mL 0.2739 mL 0.5478 mL 1.3694 mL
40 mM 0.0411 mL 0.2054 mL 0.4108 mL 1.0270 mL
50 mM 0.0329 mL 0.1643 mL 0.3287 mL 0.8216 mL
60 mM 0.0274 mL 0.1369 mL 0.2739 mL 0.6847 mL
80 mM 0.0205 mL 0.1027 mL 0.2054 mL 0.5135 mL
100 mM 0.0164 mL 0.0822 mL 0.1643 mL 0.4108 mL
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Diosmin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Diosmin520-27-4Aryl Hydrocarbon ReceptorAhRInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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