1. Stem Cell/Wnt TGF-beta/Smad Apoptosis
  2. TGF-beta/Smad Apoptosis
  3. Oxymatrine

Oxymatrine, an alkaloid from Sophora flavescens Alt. with anti-inflammatory, antifibrosis, and antitumor effects, inhibits the iNOS expression and TGF-β/Smad pathway. Oxymatrine inhibits bocavirus minute virus of canines (MVC) replication, reduces viral gene expression and decreases apoptosis induced by viral infection.

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Oxymatrine Chemical Structure

Oxymatrine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 16837-52-8

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Customer Review

Based on 14 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Oxymatrine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 May 8;8:392.  [Abstract]

    Acta2 expression after Signaling inhibitors by q-PCR. For inhibitor treatment, 24 h after seeding, the medium is removed and replaced with the TGF-β/Smad pathway inhibitor Oxymatrine (5 mg/mL) to block the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways.

    Oxymatrine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Exp Cell Res. 2020 Sep 15;394(2):112138.  [Abstract]

    Protein expression of TGF-β1 and pSmad2 in renal tissues detected by immunoblotting. The TGF-β/Smad/TLR3 pathway is significantly inhibited after addition of Oxymatrine.
    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Oxymatrine, an alkaloid from Sophora flavescens Alt. with anti-inflammatory, antifibrosis, and antitumor effects, inhibits the iNOS expression and TGF-β/Smad pathway. Oxymatrine inhibits bocavirus minute virus of canines (MVC) replication, reduces viral gene expression and decreases apoptosis induced by viral infection.

    In Vitro

    Oxymatrine, an alkaloid component extracted from the roots of Sophora species, has been shown to have antiinflammatory, antifibrosis, and antitumor effects and the ability to protect against myocardial damage, etc. The potential signaling pathways involved in the clinical application of oxymatrine might include the TGF-β/Smad, tolllike receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, toll-like receptor9/TRAF6, Janus kinase/signal transduction and activator of transcription, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt, delta-opioid receptorarrestinl-Bcl-2, CD40, epidermal growth factor receptor, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/hemeoxygenase-1 signaling pathways, and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase/asymmetric dimethylarginine metabolism pathway[1]. Oxymatrine significantly inhibits the proliferation of DU145 and PC-3 cell lines in a time- and dose-dependent manner. By contrast, following treatment with oxymatrine, PNT1B healthy human prostate cell proliferation is not inhibited[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    In Vivo

    The volume and weight of tumors in mice significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Oxymatrine may reduce prostate cancer cell growth by promoting cell apoptosis in vivo[2]. Oxymatrine is effective in reducing the production and deposition of collagen in the liver tissue of experimental rats. Oxymatrine could promote the expression of Smad 7 and inhibit the expression of Smad 3 and CBP in CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in SD rats, could modulate the fibrogenic signal transduction of TGFβ-Smad pathway[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Molecular Weight

    264.36

    Formula

    C15H24N2O2

    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C1CCC[C@]2([H])[C@@]3([H])CCC[N@@+]4([O-])[C@@]3([H])[C@](CCC4)([H])CN21

    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O : 100 mg/mL (378.27 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    DMSO : 100 mg/mL (378.27 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 3.7827 mL 18.9136 mL 37.8272 mL
    5 mM 0.7565 mL 3.7827 mL 7.5654 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.87 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.87 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 100 mg/mL (378.27 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

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    Dosing volume
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    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation
    References
    Cell Assay
    [2]

    DU145, PC-3 and PNT1B cell lines (3×104 cells/well) are seeded into 96-well plates and incubated overnight at 37°C in 5% CO2. Subsequently, the cells are incubated with different concentrations of oxymatrine (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg/mL). MTT (10 mL; 5 mg/mL) is added and the mixture is incubated in darkness at 37°C for 2 h. Absorbance is measured at a wavelength of 490 nm using a microplate reader[2].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Administration
    [2][3]

    Rats: One hundred healthy male SD rats (weight 140-160 g) are used in the study. All 100 rats are randomLy divided into three groups: Control (n=20), Treatment (n=40) and Model group (n=40). For the model group, 300 g/L CCl4 soluted in liquid paraffin is injected subcutaneously at a dosage of 3 mL/kg twice per week[6]. The treated rats receive Oxymatrine celiac injections at 10 mg/kg twice a week besides the injection of CCl4[3].

    Mice: BALB/c homozygous (nu/nu) nude mice are used in the study. 24 tumor-bearing mice are randomLy divided into three groups: The control group is treated with PBS, and two groups are treated with different concentrations of oxymatrine (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight). Oxymatrine is administered to the mice, using daily intraperitoneal injections[2].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O / DMSO 1 mM 3.7827 mL 18.9136 mL 37.8272 mL 94.5680 mL
    5 mM 0.7565 mL 3.7827 mL 7.5654 mL 18.9136 mL
    10 mM 0.3783 mL 1.8914 mL 3.7827 mL 9.4568 mL
    15 mM 0.2522 mL 1.2609 mL 2.5218 mL 6.3045 mL
    20 mM 0.1891 mL 0.9457 mL 1.8914 mL 4.7284 mL
    25 mM 0.1513 mL 0.7565 mL 1.5131 mL 3.7827 mL
    30 mM 0.1261 mL 0.6305 mL 1.2609 mL 3.1523 mL
    40 mM 0.0946 mL 0.4728 mL 0.9457 mL 2.3642 mL
    50 mM 0.0757 mL 0.3783 mL 0.7565 mL 1.8914 mL
    60 mM 0.0630 mL 0.3152 mL 0.6305 mL 1.5761 mL
    80 mM 0.0473 mL 0.2364 mL 0.4728 mL 1.1821 mL
    100 mM 0.0378 mL 0.1891 mL 0.3783 mL 0.9457 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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