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  3. TMRE

TMRE  (Synonyms: Tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester perchlorate)

Cat. No.: HY-D0985A Purity: 98.70%
COA Handling Instructions

Rhodamine dyes are membrane-permeable cationic fluorescent probes that specifically recognize mitochondrial membrane potentials, thereby attaching to mitochondria and producing bright fluorescence, and at certain concentrations, rhodamine dyes have low toxicity to cells, so they are commonly used to detect mitochondria in animal cells, plant cells, and microorganisms.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

TMRE Chemical Structure

TMRE Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 115532-52-0

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
USD 57 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 57 In-stock
Solid
5 mg USD 50 In-stock
10 mg USD 70 In-stock
25 mg USD 100 In-stock
50 mg   Get quote  
100 mg   Get quote  

* Please select Quantity before adding items.

This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.

Customer Review

Based on 27 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    TMRE purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biol Sci. 2021 Jun 26;17(11):2703-2717.  [Abstract]

    When the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) is high, TMRE gathers in the mitochondria and produces red-orange fluorescence. HCT116 cells are seeded in 96‐well plates and treated with Tagitinin C. Then cells are incubated for 30 minutes at 37 °C with TMRE (1 µM) in PBS. The excitation wavelength is 540 nm, and the emission wavelength is 595 nm.

    TMRE purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Sep 15;221:112425.  [Abstract]

    AML-12 cells after treated with TDBPP, then TMRE (100 nM) is added to each well. Cells were stained for 30 min. The red fluorescence stained by TMRE represented mitochondria.

    TMRE purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: FASEB J. 2020 Apr;34(4):5740-5753.  [Abstract]

    Cells are rinsed with D-PBS, and then incubated with TMRE (50 nM) at 37°C for 20 minutes.
    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Rhodamine dyes are membrane-permeable cationic fluorescent probes that specifically recognize mitochondrial membrane potentials, thereby attaching to mitochondria and producing bright fluorescence, and at certain concentrations, rhodamine dyes have low toxicity to cells, so they are commonly used to detect mitochondria in animal cells, plant cells, and microorganisms[1].

    In Vitro

    1.Preparation of TMRE working solution
    1.1Preparation of the stock solution
    Dissolve 1 mg TMRE in DMSO to obtain 5 mM of stock solution.
    1.2 Preparation of TMRE working solution
    Dilute the stock solution in serum-free cell culture medium or PBS to obtain 1-20 μM of working solution.
    Note: Please adjust the concentration of TMRE working solution according to the actual situation.
    2.Cell staining
    2.1 Suspension cells (6-well plate)
    a.Centrifuge at 1000 g at 4℃ for 3-5 minutes and then discard the supernatant. Wash twice with PBS, 5 minutes each time.The cell density is 1×106/mL.
    b.Add 1 mL of working solution, and then incubate at room temperature for 5-30 minutes.
    c.Centrifuge at 400 g at 4℃ for 3-4 minutes and then discard the supernatant.
    d.Wash twice with PBS, 5 minutes each time.
    e.Resuspend cells with serum-free cell culture medium or PBS. Observation by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry.
    2.2 Adherent cells
    a.Culture adherent cells on sterile coverslips.
    b.Remove the coverslip from the medium and aspirate excess medium.
    c.Add 100 μL of working solution, gently shake it to completely cover the cells,and then incubate at room temperature for 30-60 minutes.
    d.Wash twice with medium, 5 minutes each time. Observation by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry.
    Note: If detection by flow cytometry, cells need to be resuspended before staining.

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Molecular Weight

    514.95

    Formula

    C26H27ClN2O7

    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    Brown to black

    Emission (Em)

    576

    Excitation (Ex)

    550

    SMILES

    O=C(C1=CC=CC=C1C2=C3C=CC(N(C)C)=CC3=[O+]C4=C2C=CC(N(C)C)=C4)OCC.O=Cl(=O)([O-])=O

    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

    *In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 27.78 mg/mL (53.95 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 1.9419 mL 9.7097 mL 19.4194 mL
    5 mM 0.3884 mL 1.9419 mL 3.8839 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.04 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.04 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 98.70%

    Dyeing Example
    References
    Cell Assay
    [1]

    The entire experiment should be performed at room temperature because temperature will directly impact mitochondrial transmembrane potential and TMRE staining. Cells should never be placed, centrifuged, incubated, or washed at 4°C or have ice-cold buffers or media added. Treat the cells with a cytotoxic stimulus. Harvest cells and resuspend at 5×105 cells/mL in culture medium containing 150 nM TMRE. Incubate for 5 min at room temperature in the dark. Add Carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP) (5 μM final concentration) to an aliquot of untreated cells and incubate for 5 min at room temperature in the dark. Turn on the appropriate laser on the flow cytometer. Set up a histogram plot to detect TMRE using log scale[1].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 1.9419 mL 9.7097 mL 19.4194 mL 48.5484 mL
    5 mM 0.3884 mL 1.9419 mL 3.8839 mL 9.7097 mL
    10 mM 0.1942 mL 0.9710 mL 1.9419 mL 4.8548 mL
    15 mM 0.1295 mL 0.6473 mL 1.2946 mL 3.2366 mL
    20 mM 0.0971 mL 0.4855 mL 0.9710 mL 2.4274 mL
    25 mM 0.0777 mL 0.3884 mL 0.7768 mL 1.9419 mL
    30 mM 0.0647 mL 0.3237 mL 0.6473 mL 1.6183 mL
    40 mM 0.0485 mL 0.2427 mL 0.4855 mL 1.2137 mL
    50 mM 0.0388 mL 0.1942 mL 0.3884 mL 0.9710 mL
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    TMRE Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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