2. Anti-infection Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. HIV Reverse Transcriptase Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Emtricitabine

Emtricitabine  (Synonyms: BW1592)

Cat. No.: HY-17427 Purity: 99.94%
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Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with an EC50 of 0.01 μM in PBMC cell. It is an antiviral agent for the treatment of HIV infection.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Emtricitabine Chemical Structure

Emtricitabine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 143491-57-0

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Solid + Solvent
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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 USD 61 In-stock
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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 61 In-stock
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50 mg USD 55 In-stock
100 mg USD 88 In-stock
500 mg USD 149 In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Emtricitabine:

Emtricitabine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Emtricitabine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;12(4):682-692.  [Abstract]

    TDF/FTC/RAL combined medication induces mouse NPC apoptosis in vitro. Mouse NPCs are treated with either DMSO or TDF/FTC/RAL for 8 h. Cleaved Caspase-3 levels are determined by Western blotting.

    Emtricitabine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Open Virol J. 2014 Mar 7;8:1-8.  [Abstract]

    The PKR activation block is not unique to CypI, DAAs also prevent the IFN-induced PKR activation in HCV-infected cells. JFH-1-infected Huh7.5.1 cells are treated with or without CypI (cyclosporine A and alisporivir), DAAs (the HCV NS5A inhibitor daclatasvir and the HCV protease inhibitor telaprevir) and an HIV-1 inhibitor (reverse transcriptase inhibitor emtricitabine). Results are representative of 4 independent experiments.

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with an EC50 of 0.01 μM in PBMC cell. It is an antiviral agent for the treatment of HIV infection.

    IC50 & Target

    HIV-1

     

    HIV-2

     

    In Vitro

    Emtricitabine has in vitro activity against both laboratory strains of HIV-1 and HIV-2 and clinical isolates of HIV-1. The 50% effective concentration (EC50) ranges from 0.002 to 1.5 μ mol/L, depending on the viral isolate and cell line used. Emtricitabine demonstrates in vitro synergy with zidovudine and stavudine and additive in vitro activity when combines with zalcitabine or didanosine[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Emtricitabine Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Reproductive and developmental toxicology studies are conducted with emtricitabine. Oral doses up to 1000 mg/kg/day provided daily area under the curve (AUC0→24) exposure to pregnant animals approximately 60- (mice) to 120-fold (rabbits) higher than that in humans at the recommended dose of 200 mg given once per day. In a mouse fertility study, emtricitabine had no effect on fertility, sperm count, or early embryonic development. There is no increased incidence of malformations in mouse and rabbit embryofetal toxicology studies. The development and fertility of F1 progeny are unaffected by emtricitabine in a mouse pre- and post-natal study. These data demonstrate a favorable pre-clinical reproductive safety profile for emtricitabine[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    247.25

    Formula

    C8H10FN3O3S
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C1N=C(N)C(F)=CN1[C@@H]2CS[C@H](CO)O2
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (404.45 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : ≥ 25 mg/mL (101.11 mM)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 4.0445 mL 20.2224 mL 40.4449 mL
    5 mM 0.8089 mL 4.0445 mL 8.0890 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.11 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.11 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.94%

    COA (250 KB) LCMS (111 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Cell Assay
    [3]

    EA.hy926 cells were plated in a 12-, 24- or 96-well plates and grown in DMEM media supplemented with 3% FCS. Endothelial cells from PARP+/+and PARP-/- mice were isolated and cultured. Cell viability was determined by the reduction of yellow MTT into a purple formazan product by mitochondrial dehydrogenases of metabolically active cells. Following the treatment period, the experimental medium was removed and 100 μL MTT (1 mg/mL) added. After 1 h incubation, the MTT solution was carefully removed and the purple crystals were solubilized in 100 μL of DMSO. The DMSO was transferred to an ELISA plate and absorbance measured at 550 nm with a 620 nm[3].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Animal Administration
    [2]

    Mice: Emtricitabine (free base) is suspended in 0.5% aqueous methylcellulose and given by gavage, with the daily dose divided into two equal installments administered approximately 6 h apart. The dose volume is 5 mL/kg/dose (10 mL/kg/day). In 1- and 6-month oral toxicity studies in mice, the maximum tolerated dose of emtricitabine is >3000 mg/kg/day. However, dose-range-finding studies are performed in pregnant CD-1 mice and in New Zealand White rabbits at top doses of 1000 mg/kg/day[2]. Rabbits: Mature artificially inseminated rabbits are given emtricitabine on gestational day 7 through 19. On gestational day 19, blood samples for toxicokinetics are taken from five satellite does in each group at 30–60 min prior to dosing, and at 1, 3, 7, and 12 h after the first daily-dose (prior to the second daily-dose). On gestational day 20, the satellite does are sacrificed at 1 h after the final dose, and maternal blood and fetal umbilical blood samples are collected for toxicokinetics[2].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O / DMSO 1 mM 4.0445 mL 20.2224 mL 40.4449 mL 101.1122 mL
    5 mM 0.8089 mL 4.0445 mL 8.0890 mL 20.2224 mL
    10 mM 0.4044 mL 2.0222 mL 4.0445 mL 10.1112 mL
    15 mM 0.2696 mL 1.3482 mL 2.6963 mL 6.7408 mL
    20 mM 0.2022 mL 1.0111 mL 2.0222 mL 5.0556 mL
    25 mM 0.1618 mL 0.8089 mL 1.6178 mL 4.0445 mL
    30 mM 0.1348 mL 0.6741 mL 1.3482 mL 3.3704 mL
    40 mM 0.1011 mL 0.5056 mL 1.0111 mL 2.5278 mL
    50 mM 0.0809 mL 0.4044 mL 0.8089 mL 2.0222 mL
    60 mM 0.0674 mL 0.3370 mL 0.6741 mL 1.6852 mL
    80 mM 0.0506 mL 0.2528 mL 0.5056 mL 1.2639 mL
    100 mM 0.0404 mL 0.2022 mL 0.4044 mL 1.0111 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Emtricitabine Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Emtricitabine143491-57-0BW1592BW 1592BW-1592HIVReverse TranscriptaseEndogenous MetaboliteHuman immunodeficiency virusInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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