1. Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel Neuronal Signaling
  2. NKCC GABA Receptor
  3. Furosemide

Furosemide is a potent and orally active inhibitor of Na+/K+/2Cl- (NKCC) cotransporter, NKCC1 and NKCC2. Furosemide is also a GABAA receptors antagonist and displays 100-fold selectivity for α6-containing receptors than α1-containing receptors. Furosemide acts as a loop diuretic and used for the study of congestive heart failure, hypertension and edema.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Furosemide Chemical Structure

Furosemide Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 54-31-9

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Customer Review

Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Furosemide:

Top Publications Citing Use of Products
  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Furosemide is a potent and orally active inhibitor of Na+/K+/2Cl- (NKCC) cotransporter, NKCC1 and NKCC2[1]. Furosemide is also a GABAA receptors antagonist and displays 100-fold selectivity for α6-containing receptors than α1-containing receptors. Furosemide acts as a loop diuretic and used for the study of congestive heart failure, hypertension and edema[2].

IC50 & Target

IC50: NKCC1 and NKCC2[1]
IC50: GABAA receptors[2]

In Vitro

Furosemide (500 µM; 72-96 hours) significantly changes the proliferation rates in MKN45 cells (the poorly differentiated human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line). however, it has no effects on MKN28 cells (the moderately differentiated human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line). The growth rate of MKN45 cells is larger than that of MKN28 cells[4].
Furosemide (10 µM, 30 µM, 100 µM; 45 min exposure) significantly decreases cation channel activity and [Ca(2+)](i) in human erythrocytes drawn from healthy individuals. Tert-butylhydroperoxide similarly enhances the non-selective cation channels activity, increases [Ca(2+)](i) and triggered cell membrane scrambling, however, the effects is significantly blunted by furosemide again[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Furosemide (intraperitoneal injection; 100 mg/kg; single dose) is injected after kanamycin (KM) (1000 mg/kg) to creat a deaf mouse model in C57BL/6 mouse. After injection, hearing loss and cochlear hair cell damage are evaluated on day 1, day 2 and day 3, respectively. The hearing is markedly deteriorated even from the next day (Day-1 group), OHCs (outer hair cell) morphology of apical, middle and basal turns are disorganized in mice on day3[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

330.74

Formula

C12H11ClN2O5S

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(O)C1=CC(S(=O)(N)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1NCC2=CC=CO2

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (302.35 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.0235 mL 15.1176 mL 30.2352 mL
5 mM 0.6047 mL 3.0235 mL 6.0470 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

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Volume (start)

V1

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Concentration (final)

C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.56 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.56 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

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(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.90%

References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.0235 mL 15.1176 mL 30.2352 mL 75.5881 mL
5 mM 0.6047 mL 3.0235 mL 6.0470 mL 15.1176 mL
10 mM 0.3024 mL 1.5118 mL 3.0235 mL 7.5588 mL
15 mM 0.2016 mL 1.0078 mL 2.0157 mL 5.0392 mL
20 mM 0.1512 mL 0.7559 mL 1.5118 mL 3.7794 mL
25 mM 0.1209 mL 0.6047 mL 1.2094 mL 3.0235 mL
30 mM 0.1008 mL 0.5039 mL 1.0078 mL 2.5196 mL
40 mM 0.0756 mL 0.3779 mL 0.7559 mL 1.8897 mL
50 mM 0.0605 mL 0.3024 mL 0.6047 mL 1.5118 mL
60 mM 0.0504 mL 0.2520 mL 0.5039 mL 1.2598 mL
80 mM 0.0378 mL 0.1890 mL 0.3779 mL 0.9449 mL
100 mM 0.0302 mL 0.1512 mL 0.3024 mL 0.7559 mL
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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Furosemide
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