Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2

Definition:

Sodium-ion dependent, high affinity carnitine transporter. Involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine. Transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) without the involvement of sodium. Relative uptake activity ratio of carnitine to TEA is 11.3. In intestinal epithelia, transports the quorum-sensing pentapeptide CSF (competence and sporulation factor) from Bacillus Subtilis wich induces cytoprotective heat shock proteins contributing to intestinal homeostasis.; [Isoform 3]: Retained in the ER, unable to perform carnitine uptake.

References:

[1]. Satoshi Maekawa, et al. OCTN2VT, a splice variant of OCTN2, does not transport carnitine because of the retention in the endoplasmic reticulum caused by insertion of 24 amino acids in the first extracellular loop of OCTN2. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Jun;1773(6):1000-6. [Content Brief]

[2]. Mikihiro Fujiya, et al. Cytokine regulation of OCTN2 expression and activity in small and large intestine. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2011 Apr;17(4):907-16. [Content Brief]

[3]. C A Wagner, et al. Functional and pharmacological characterization of human Na(+)-carnitine cotransporter hOCTN2. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2000 Sep;279(3):F584-91. [Content Brief]

[4]. R Ohashi, et al. Na(+)-dependent carnitine transport by organic cation transporter (OCTN2): its pharmacological and toxicological relevance. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Nov;291(2):778-84. [Content Brief]

[5]. X Wu, et al. Functional characteristics and tissue distribution pattern of organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2), an organic cation/carnitine transporter. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Sep;290(3):1482-92. [Content Brief]

[6]. Mikihiro Fujiya, et al. The Bacillus subtilis quorum-sensing molecule CSF contributes to intestinal homeostasis via OCTN2, a host cell membrane transporter. Cell Host Microbe. 2007 Jun 14;1(4):299-308. [Content Brief]

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