Polycomb protein EED

Definition:

Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Component of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Also recognizes 'Lys-26' trimethylated histone H1 with the effect of inhibiting PRC2 complex methyltransferase activity on nucleosomal histone H3 'Lys-27', whereas H3 'Lys-27' recognition has the opposite effect, enabling the propagation of this repressive mark. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems. Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXC8, HOXA9, MYT1 and CDKN2A.

References:

[1]. Emmanuelle Viré, et al. The Polycomb group protein EZH2 directly controls DNA methylation. Nature. 2006 Feb 16;439(7078):871-4. [Content Brief]

[2]. Kavitha Sarma, et al. Ezh2 requires PHF1 to efficiently catalyze H3 lysine 27 trimethylation in vivo. Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Apr;28(8):2718-31. [Content Brief]

[3]. Eri Imagawa, et al. Mutations in genes encoding polycomb repressive complex 2 subunits cause Weaver syndrome. Hum Mutat. 2017 Jun;38(6):637-648. [Content Brief]

[4]. Diego Pasini, et al. Suz12 is essential for mouse development and for EZH2 histone methyltransferase activity. EMBO J. 2004 Oct 13;23(20):4061-71. [Content Brief]

[5]. Adrian P Bracken, et al. EZH2 is downstream of the pRB-E2F pathway, essential for proliferation and amplified in cancer. EMBO J. 2003 Oct 15;22(20):5323-35. [Content Brief]

[6]. Antonis Kirmizis, et al. Silencing of human polycomb target genes is associated with methylation of histone H3 Lys 27. Genes Dev. 2004 Jul 1;18(13):1592-605. [Content Brief]

[7]. J van der Vlag, et al. Transcriptional repression mediated by the human polycomb-group protein EED involves histone deacetylation. Nat Genet. 1999 Dec;23(4):474-8. [Content Brief]

[8]. Ru Cao, et al. SUZ12 is required for both the histone methyltransferase activity and the silencing function of the EED-EZH2 complex. Mol Cell. 2004 Jul 2;15(1):57-67. [Content Brief]

[9]. Chao Xu, et al. Binding of different histone marks differentially regulates the activity and specificity of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Nov 9;107(45):19266-71. [Content Brief]

[10]. R G Sewalt, et al. Characterization of interactions between the mammalian polycomb-group proteins Enx1/EZH2 and EED suggests the existence of different mammalian polycomb-group protein complexes. Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Jun;18(6):3586-95. [Content Brief]

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