1. Gene
  2. PAH - phenylalanine hydroxylase Gene

PAH - phenylalanine hydroxylase Gene

Homo sapiens

Also known as PH; PKU; PKU1

Gene ID: 5053 | Gene type: protein coding

About PAH

Cytogenetic location: 12q23.2 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 12:102,836,889-102,958,441 (from NCBI)

This gene has 18 transcripts (splice variants), 205 orthologues, 3 paralogues and is associated with 7 phenotypes. Biased expression in liver (RPKM 237.1), kidney (RPKM 166.4) and 1 other tissue.

Summary

This gene encodes a member of the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase protein family. The encoded phenylalanine hydroxylase Enzyme hydroxylates phenylalanine to tyrosine and is the rate-limiting step in phenylalanine catabolism. Deficiency of this Enzyme activity results in the autosomal recessive disorder phenylketonuria. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

PAH Products(2)

mRNA Protein Name
NM_000277.3 NP_000268.1 phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase
NM_001354304.2 NP_001341233.1 phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase

PAH Protein Structure

ACT

ACT: ACT domain (36 - 93)

Biopterin_H

Biopterin_H: Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase (119 - 450)

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  • 452 a.a.
Protein Preferred Names Protein Names

phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase

phe-4-monooxygenase

Recombinant PAH Proteins

Cat. No. Product Name Accession Purity
HY-P73733 PAH Protein, Human (D415N, sf9, His) P00439 (M1-K452,D415N) ≥95%

Related Diseases

Diseases Alias
Phenylketonuria

Phenylalanine Hydroxylase Deficiency

PKU

Pah Deficiency

Folling Disease

Maternal Phenylketonuria

Phenylketonurias

Oligophrenia Phenylpyruvica

Hyperphenylalaninemia, Non-Pku Mild

Folling'S Disease

Phenylalaninemia

Mild Phenylketonuria

Mild Pku

Variant Pku

Variant Phenylketonuria

Mpku

Deficiency Disease, Phenylalanine Hydroxylase

Phenylketonuria, Maternal

Phenylalanine Hydroxylase Deficiency Disease

Hyperphenylalaninemic Embryopathy

Maternal Pku

Maternal Hyperphenylalaninemia

Phenylketonuric Embryopathy

Hyperphenylalaninemia

HPA

Non-Phenylketonuria Hyperphenylalaninemia

NON-PKU HPA

Phenylketonuria Maternal

Classical Phenylketonuria

Hyperphenylalaninaemia

Pku - [Phenylketonuria]

Hyperphenylalaninemia

Hyperphenylalaninaemia

Mild Hyperphenylalaninemia

Mild Hpa

Non-Pku Hpa

Mhpa

Classic Phenylketonuria

Classical Phenylketonuria

Classic Pku

Phenylketonuria Classical

Phenylpyruvic Oligophrenia

Oligophrenia Phenylpyruvica

Imbecilitus Phenylpyruvica

Typical Phenylketonuria

Phenylpyruvic Aciduria

Pah - [Phenylalanine Hydroxylase] Deficiency

Hyperphenylalaninaemia Type I

Typical Pku - [Phenylketonuria]

Folling Disease

Tetrahydrobiopterin-Responsive Hyperphenylalaninemia/Phenylketonuria

Bh4-Responsive Hpa/Pku

Bh4-Responsive Hyperphenylalaninemia/Phenylketonuria

Tetrahydrobiopterin-Responsive Hpa/Pku

Hyperphenylalaninemia, Bh4-Deficient, A

6-Pyruvoyl-Tetrahydropterin Synthase Deficiency

Pts Deficiency

HPABH4A

Hyperphenylalaninemia, Tetrahydrobiopterin-Deficient, Due To Pts Deficiency

Ptsd

Bh4-Deficient Hyperphenylalaninemia A

Hyperphenylalaninemia Due To 6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin Synthase Deficiency

Tetrahydobioperin-Deficient Hyperphenylalaninemia Due To Pts Deficiency

Hyperphenylalanemia, Bh4-Deficient, A

Hyperphenylalaninemia Due To 6-Pyruvoyl-Tetrahydropterin Synthase Deficiency

6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin Synthase Deficiency

Hyperphenylalaninemia Tetrahydrobiopterin-Deficient Due To Pts Deficiency

Ptpsd

Hyperphenylalaninemia, Bh4-Deficient, Type A

Central Hypoventilation Syndrome, Congenital, 1

Cchs

CCHS1

Central Hypoventilation Syndrome, Congenital, 1, With Or Without Hirschsprung Disease

Central Hypoventilation Syndrome, Congenital

Congenital Failure Of Autonomic Control

Autonomic Control, Congenital Failure Of

Ondine Curse, Congenital

Ondine Curse

Central Hypoventilation Syndrome, Congenital, 1, With Or Without Hirschsprung

Hypoventilation, Central, Syndrome, Congenital, Type 1

Congenital Central Hypoventilation

Sleep Apnea, Central

Central Alveolar Hypoventilation Syndrome

Cchs With Hirschsprung Disease

Congenital Central Alveolar Hypoventilation Syndrome

Sleep-Related Respiratory Failure

Hypoventilation

Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome

Cchs

Haddad Syndrome

Ondine Curse

Ondine Syndrome

Congenital Central Hypoventilation

Congenital Central Alveolar Hypoventilation Syndrome

Congenital Failure Of Autonomic Control

Ondine'S Curse

Primary Alveolar Hypoventilation

Ondine-Hirschsprung Disease

Central Congenital Hypoventilation Syndrome

Congenital Ondine Curse

Idiopathic Congenital Central Alveolar Hypoventilation

Congenital Central Alveolar Hypoventilation-Hirschsprung Disease Syndrome

Ondine-Hirschsprung Syndrome

Tyrosinemia

Hypertyrosinemia

Tyrosinemias

Hereditary Tyrosinemia

Hypertyrosinaemia

Tyrosinaemia

Hereditary Hypertyrosinemia

Amino Acid Metabolic Disorder

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors

Inborn Errors Of Amino Acid Metabolism

Disorder Of Amino Acid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism Disorders

Dystonia, Dopa-Responsive, Due To Sepiapterin Reductase Deficiency

Sepiapterin Reductase Deficiency

Spr Deficiency

Dopa-Responsive Dystonia Due To Sepiapterin Reductase Deficiency

Srd

Drd Due To Srd

Dopa-Responsive Hypersomnia

Dyt-Spr

Dyt/Park-Spr

Sr-Deficient Drd

Autosomal Recessive Sepiapterin Reductase-Deficient Drd

Spr

DRDSPRD

Motor And Cognitive Disorder Due To Sepiapterin Reductase Deficiency

Psychomotor Disorders

Vitiligo-Associated Multiple Autoimmune Disease Susceptibility 1

Vitiligo

VAMAS1

Slev1

Vtlg

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Vitiligo-Related

Vitiligo-Associated Multiple Autoimmune Disease 1

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Vitiligo-Related

Hyperphenylalaninemia, Bh4-Deficient, B

Gtp Cyclohydrolase I Deficiency

HPABH4B

Hyperphenylalaninemia, Tetrahydrobiopterin-Deficient, Due To Gtp Cyclohydrolase I Deficiency

Bh4-Deficient Hyperphenylalaninemia B

Gtp Cyclohydrolase 1 Deficiency

Tetrahydrobiopterin-Deficient Hyperphenylalaninemia B

Hyperphenylalaninemia, Tetrahydrobiopterin-Deficient, Due To Gtp Cyclohydrolase 1 Deficiency

Gtpch Deficiency

Hyperphenylalaninemia Due To Gtp Cyclohydrolase Deficiency

Atypical Severe Phenylketonuria Due To Gtp Cyclohydrolase I Deficiency

Gch1 Deficiency

Guanosine Triphosphate Cyclohydrolase I Deficiency

Hyperphenylalaninemia With Neopterin Deficiency

Alkaptonuria

Homogentisic Acid Oxidase Deficiency

Alcaptonuria

AKU

Deficiency Of Homogentisicase

Homogentisate 1,2-Dioxygenase Deficiency

Alkaptonuric Ochronosis

Homogentisic Acidura

Ochronosis, Hereditary

Hereditary Ochronosis

Ochronosis

Homogentisicaciduria

Deficiency Of Homogentisate Oxygenase

Psychotic Disorder

Psychotic Disorders

Mental Or Behavioural Disorder

Psychotic

Mental Disorders

Galactosemia I

Galactosemia

Galt Deficiency

Classic Galactosemia

Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase Deficiency

Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase Deficiency

GALAC1

Galactosemia, Classic

Galactosemia Type 1

Galactosemias

Classical Galactosemia

Galactosaemia

Galactose Intolerance

Epimerase Deficiency Galactosemia

Galactokinase Deficiency Disease

Galactose Epimerase Deficiency

Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyl-Transferase Deficiency Disease

Gale Deficiency

Galk Deficiency

Udp-Galactose-4-Epimerase Deficiency Disease

Utp Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase Deficiency

Galactosemia 1

Galactosemia, Duarte Variant

Deficiency Of Galactokinase

Udpglucose 4-Epimerase Deficiency Disease

Classical Galactosaemia

Galput Deficiency - [Galactose-4-Phosphate Uridyltransferase] Deficiency

Classic Galactosaemia

Deficiency Of Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase

Deficiency Of Udpglucose-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase

Deficiency Of Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase

Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyl Transferase Deficiency

Transferase Deficiency Galactosemia

Deficiency Of Uridyl Transferase

Deficiency Of Utp-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase

Utp-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase Deficiency

Abdominal Obesity-Metabolic Syndrome 1

Metabolic Syndrome X

Metabolic Syndrome

AOMS1

Dysmetabolic Syndrome X

Metabolic Disease

Abdominal Obesity Metabolic Syndrome

Acyl-Coa Dehydrogenase, Medium-Chain, Deficiency Of

Mcad Deficiency

Carnitine Deficiency Secondary To Medium-Chain Acyl-Coa Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Acadm Deficiency

Acyl-Coa Dehydrogenase, Medium Chain, Deficiency Of

Medium Chain Acyl-Coa Dehydrogenase Deficiency

ACADMD

Mcadh Deficiency

Mcadd

Medium Chain Acyl-Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Acyl-Coa Dehydrogenase Medium-Chain Deficiency

Medium-Chain Acyl-Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Medium Chain Acyl Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Urea Cycle Disorder

Urea Cycle Disorders

Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn

Disorder Of Metabolism Of Ornithine, Citrulline, Argininosuccinic Acid, Arginine And Ammonia

Disorder Of Urea Cycle Metabolism

Urea Cycle Defect

Ucd

Disorder Of The Urea Cycle Metabolism

Disorder Of Urea Cycle

Disorders Of Metabolism Of Ornithine, Citrulline, Argininosuccinic Acid, Arginine And Ammonia

Ammonia Metabolic Disorder

Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency

Aadc Deficiency

Dopa Decarboxylase Deficiency

Ddc Deficiency

Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency

Deficiency Of Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylase

AADCD

Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency

Aromatic L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency

Carnitine Deficiency, Systemic Primary

Carnitine Uptake Defect

Renal Carnitine Transport Defect

Systemic Primary Carnitine Deficiency

CDSP

Systemic Carnitine Deficiency

Carnitine Transporter Deficiency

Cud

Primary Carnitine Deficiency

Carnitine Uptake Deficiency

Carnitine Deficiency, Systemic, Due To Defect In Renal Reabsorption Of Carnitine

Carnitine Deficiency, Primary

Systemic Primary Carnitine Deficiency Disease

Deficiency Of Plasma-Membrane Carnitine Transporter

Scd

Carnitine Transporter, Plasma-Membrane, Deficiency Of

Carnitine Transport Defect

Carnitine Plasma-Membrane Transporter Deficiency

Carnitine Transporter Defect

Spcd

Maple Syrup Urine Disease

MSUD

Bckd Deficiency

Branched-Chain Ketoaciduria

Branched-Chain Alpha-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Keto Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency

Maple Syrup Urine Disease, Type Ii

Branched Chain Ketoaciduria

Classic Maple Syrup Urine Disease

Intermittent Maple Syrup Urine Disease

Maple Syrup Urine Disease, Type Ia

Ketoacidaemia

Bckdh Deficiency

Branched-Chain 2-Ketoacid Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Thiamine-Responsive Maple Syrup Urine Disease

Intermediate Maple Syrup Urine Disease

Maple Syrup Urine Disease Type 1a

Maple Syrup Urine Disease Type 1b

Maple Syrup Urine Disease Type 2

Maple Syrup Urine Disease, Type Ib

Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Branched-Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Maple Syrup Disease

Ketoacidemia

Classic Bckd Deficiency

Classic Msud

Classic Branched-Chain Alpha-Ketoacid Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Classic Branched-Chain Ketoaciduria

Thiamine-Responsive Bckd Deficiency

Thiamine-Responsive Msud

Thiamine-Responsive Branched-Chain Alpha-Ketoacid Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Intermittent Bckd Deficiency

Intermittent Msud

Intermittent Branched-Chain Alpha-Ketoacid Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Maple Syrup Urine Disease 1a

MSUD1A

Maple Syrup Urine Disease Type Ia

Msud Type Ia

Maple Syrup Urine Disease 1b

MSUD1B

Maple Syrup Urine Disease Type Ib

Msud Type Ib

Maple Syrup Urine Disease 2

MSUD2

Maple Syrup Urine Disease Type Ii

Msud Type Ii

Nadh Cytochrome B5 Reductase Deficiency

Lactic Acidosis, Congenital Infantile, Due To Lad Deficiency

Ketonemia

Maple Syrup Urine Disease, Type 1b

Ketoacid Decarboxylase Deficiency

Oxoacid Decarboxylase Deficiency

Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Msud - [Maple-Syrup-Urine Disease]

Ketoaminoacidaemia

Bckd - [Branched-Chain Alpha-Ketoacid Dehydrogenase Deficiency]

Maple-Syrup-Urine Disorder

Maple-Syrup-Urine Syndrome

Argininemia

Hyperargininemia

Arginase Deficiency

Arg1 Deficiency

Arginase-1 Deficiency

Deficiency Of Canavanase

Arginase Deficiency Disease

ARGIN

Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency, Hyperammonemia Due To

Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency

Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency

Otc Deficiency

Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease

OTCD

Deficiency Of Citrulline Phosphorylase

Oct Deficiency

Hyperammonemia Due To Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency

Deficiency, Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase

Anemia, Nonspherocytic Hemolytic, Due To G6pd Deficiency

Favism

Favism, Susceptibility To

Hemolytic Anemia, G6pd Deficient

Class I Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Class I G6pd Deficiency

Severe Hemolytic Anemia Due To G6pd Deficiency

Anemia, Non-Spherocytic Hemolytic, Due To G6pd Deficiency

NSHA

G6pd Deficient Hemolytic Anemia

Dystonia

Dystonic Disease

Dystonic Disorder

Dystonia Disorders

Neuroleptic Dyskinesia

Citrullinemia, Classic

Citrullinemia

Classic Citrullinemia

Argininosuccinate Synthetase Deficiency

Ass Deficiency

Citrullinemia Type I

CTLN1

Citrullinuria

Citrullinemia, Type I

Argininosuccinic Acid Synthetase Deficiency

Ctnl1

Citrullinemia 1

Deficiency Of Citrulline-Aspartate Ligase

Cit

Argininosuccinate Synthase Deficiency

Argininosuccinic Acid Synthase Deficiency

Citrullinemia Type 1

Citrullinemia Classical

Methylmalonic Acidemia

Methylmalonic Aciduria

Mma

Acidemia, Methylmalonic

Isolated Methylmalonic Acidemia

Propionic Acidemia

Ketotic Hyperglycinemia

Propionyl-Coa Carboxylase Deficiency

Pcc Deficiency

Propionicacidemia

Glycinemia, Ketotic

Hyperglycinemia With Ketoacidosis And Leukopenia

Ketotic Glycinemia

Propionic Aciduria

Prop

Acidemia, Propionic

PA-1

Ketotic Ii Glycinemia

Hyperglycinemia, Ketotic

Propionic Acidemia Type I

Propionic Acidemia Type Ii

PA-2

Propionicaciduria

Parkinson Disease, Late-Onset

Parkinson Disease

Parkinson'S Disease

PD

PARK

Parkinson Disease, Susceptibility To

Late Onset Parkinson'S Disease

Late Onset Parkinson Disease

Paralysis Agitans

Primary Parkinsonism

Idiopathic Parkinson Disease

Parkinson'S

Parkinson Disease, Late-Onset, Susceptibility To

Parkinson Disease, Age Of Onset, Modifier

Lewy Body Parkinson Disease

Idiopathic Parkinson'S Disease

Pd - [Parkinson Disease]

Parkinson Disease Nos

Parkinson, Nos

Primary Parkinson Disease

Schizophrenia

SCZD

Schizophrenia With Or Without An Affective Disorder

Schizophrenia 12

Schizophrenia, Susceptibility To

Schizophrenia-1

Dementia Praecox

Schizophrenia 1

Congenital Nervous System Abnormality

Congenital Neurologic Anomaly

Congenital Nervous System Disorder

Diseases Alias
Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia

Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma

Orthologs Information

Species Symbol Source ID
Macaca mulatta PAH VGNC VGNC:75750
Felis catus PAH VGNC VGNC:68687
Bos taurus PAH VGNC VGNC:32554
Mus musculus PAH MGD MGI:97473
Rattus norvegicus PAH RGD RGD:3248
Others PAH NCBI