2. Academic Validation
  3. Carnosic Acid Ameliorates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulceration in Rats by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

Carnosic Acid Ameliorates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulceration in Rats by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

  • Biomedicines. 2023 Mar 9;11(3):829. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11030829.
Betul Danisman 1,  Betul Cicek 2,  Serkan Yildirim 3,  Ismail Bolat 3,  Deniz Kantar 4,  Kirill S Golokhvast 5,  Dragana Nikitovic 6,  Aristidis Tsatsakis 7,  Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi 8
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
  • 2 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey.
  • 3 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
  • 4 Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07058, Turkey.
  • 5 Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agrobiotechnology, Centralnaya, Presidium, Krasnoobsk 633501, Russia.
  • 6 Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
  • 7 Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
  • 8 Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11000, Turkey.
PMID: 36979808 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030829
Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin and indomethacin (IND) are the most commonly prescribed for inflammation or pain. However, widespread use causes several adverse effects, such as gastric ulcers, upper gastric system bleeding, and erosions. Carnosic acid (CA) is an important natural antioxidant found in rosemary (Rosmarinus essentials) and exhibits a protective effect by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the impact of CA on IND-induced gastric ulceration. Wistar male rats received CA (100 mg/kg) or esomeprazole (ESP) (20 mg/kg, standard drug) by oral gavage for 14 days, after that gastric ulceration was induced by oral administration of 100 mg/kg IND. CA pretreatment attenuated both gross morphological lesions and histopathological alterations. CA strongly reduced IND-induced oxidative stress, verified by a decrease in MDA (p < 0.001) and TOS levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, an IND-dependent increase in CAT (p < 0.001) and GPx (p < 0.01) activities, as well as a reduction in GSH levels (p < 0.01), were ameliorated by CA pretreatment. CA also attenuated inflammatory damage by suppressing IL-1β (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p < 0.01), and TNFα (p < 0.001) production and increasing Nrf2/HO-1 (p < 0.05) expressions. In conclusion, CA shows a gastroprotective effect by reducing oxidative stress and attenuating inflammation.

Keywords

carnosic acid; gastric ulcer; indomethacin; inflammation; oxidative stress.

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