Protein HEXIM1

Definition:

Transcriptional regulator which functions as a general RNA polymerase II transcription inhibitor. Core component of the 7SK RNP complex: in cooperation with 7SK snRNA sequesters P-TEFb in a large inactive 7SK snRNP complex preventing RNA polymerase II phosphorylation and subsequent transcriptional elongation. May also regulate NF-kappa-B, ESR1, NR3C1 and CIITA-dependent transcriptional activity. Plays a role in the regulation of DNA virus-mediated innate immune response by assembling into the HDP-RNP complex, a complex that serves as a platform for IRF3 phosphorylation and subsequent innate immune response activation through the cGAS-STING pathway.

References:

[1]. Annemieke A Michels, et al. Binding of the 7SK snRNA turns the HEXIM1 protein into a P-TEFb (CDK9/cyclin T) inhibitor. EMBO J. 2004 Jul 7;23(13):2608-19. [Content Brief]

[2]. Annemieke A Michels, et al. MAQ1 and 7SK RNA interact with CDK9/cyclin T complexes in a transcription-dependent manner. Mol Cell Biol. 2003 Jul;23(14):4859-69. [Content Brief]

[3]. Mehdi Morchikh, et al. HEXIM1 and NEAT1 Long Non-coding RNA Form a Multi-subunit Complex that Regulates DNA-Mediated Innate Immune Response. Mol Cell. 2017 Aug 3;67(3):387-399.e5. [Content Brief]

[4]. Jasper H N Yik, et al. Inhibition of P-TEFb (CDK9/Cyclin T) kinase and RNA polymerase II transcription by the coordinated actions of HEXIM1 and 7SK snRNA. Mol Cell. 2003 Oct;12(4):971-82. [Content Brief]

[5]. Jiri Kohoutek, et al. Hexim1 sequesters positive transcription elongation factor b from the class II transactivator on MHC class II promoters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Nov 14;103(46):17349-54. [Content Brief]

[6]. Rika Ouchida, et al. Suppression of NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression by a hexamethylene bisacetamide-inducible protein HEXIM1 in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Genes Cells. 2003 Feb;8(2):95-107. [Content Brief]

[7]. Noriaki Shimizu, et al. HEXIM1 forms a transcriptionally abortive complex with glucocorticoid receptor without involving 7SK RNA and positive transcription elongation factor b. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jun 14;102(24):8555-60. [Content Brief]

[8]. Jasper H N Yik, et al. Compensatory contributions of HEXIM1 and HEXIM2 in maintaining the balance of active and inactive positive transcription elongation factor b complexes for control of transcription. J Biol Chem. 2005 Apr 22;280(16):16368-76. [Content Brief]

[9]. Bryan M Wittmann, et al. The breast cell growth inhibitor, estrogen down regulated gene 1, modulates a novel functional interaction between estrogen receptor alpha and transcriptional elongation factor cyclin T1. Oncogene. 2005 Aug 25;24(36):5576-88. [Content Brief]

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