Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18

Definition:

Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR. Regulates T-cell responses. Can function as costimulator and lower the threshold for T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation. Important for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B. Triggers increased phosphorylation of STAT1 and up-regulates expression of VCAM1 and ICAM1. Promotes leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Regulates migration of monocytes from the splenic reservoir to sites of inflammation (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Pedro Miguel Lacal, et al. Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related ligand triggering upregulates vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and promotes leukocyte adhesion. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2013 Oct;347(1):164-72. [Content Brief]

[2]. Kausik Chattopadhyay, et al. Assembly and structural properties of glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor ligand: Implications for function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Dec 4;104(49):19452-7. [Content Brief]

[3]. Sandra Tuyaerts, et al. Expression of human GITRL on myeloid dendritic cells enhances their immunostimulatory function but does not abrogate the suppressive effect of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. J Leukoc Biol. 2007 Jul;82(1):93-105. [Content Brief]

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