Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human hydrochloride (Synonyms: Glucagon hydrochloride)

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Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human, porcine hydrochloride is a peptide hormone, produced by pancreatic α-cells. Glucagon hydrochloride stimulates gluconeogenesis. Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human, porcine hydrochloride activates HNF4α and increases HNF4α phosphorylation.

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Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human hydrochloride Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 28270-04-4

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9 Publications Citing Use of MCE Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human hydrochloride

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Description

Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human, porcine hydrochloride is a peptide hormone, produced by pancreatic α-cells. Glucagon hydrochloride stimulates gluconeogenesis^[1]. Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human, porcine hydrochloride activates HNF4α and increases HNF4α phosphorylation^[2]^[3].

In Vitro

Upon binding to its receptor Gcgr, Glucagon activates cAMP-PKA signaling to stimulate hepatic glucose production (HGP) and cause hyperglycemia^[1].
Glucagon stimulates both hepatic kisspeptin1 production and gluconeogenesis^[1].
Glucagon (100 nM) represses CYP7A1 mRNA expression in human primary hepatocytes^[3].
Glucagon (100 nM) increases phosphorylayion of HNF4α^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis^[3]

Cell Line:	Human primary hepatocytes (H1211, HH1215)
Concentration:	100 nM
Incubation Time:
Result:	Resulted in a marked increase in the amount of phosphorylated HNF4α.

In Vivo

Low-dose (20 μg/kg) Glucagon increases glycemia and does not stimulate insulin secretion in ambient-fed mice. High-dose (1 mg/kg) Glucagon lowers glycemia compared with PBS control and stimulates insulin secretion in ambient-fed mice^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:	C57BL/6J mice (12- to 24-week-old)^[4]
Dosage:	20 μg/kg and 1 mg/kg
Administration:	Administered by i.p. injection; 45 minutes
Result:	Low-dose (20 μg/kg) increased glycemia and did not stimulate insulin secretion. High-dose (1 mg/kg) lowered glycemia and stimulated insulin secretion.

Molecular Weight

3519.21

Formula

C₁₅₃H₂₂₅N₄₃O₄₉S.ClH

CAS No.

28270-04-4

Unlabeled CAS

Sequence

His-Ser-Gln-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gln-Asp-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Met-Asn-Thr

Sequence Shortening

HSQGTFTSDYSKYLDSRRAQDFVQWLMNT

SMILES

OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C[C@H](NC([C@H](CCCCN)NC([C@H](CO)NC([C@@H](NC([C@H](CC(O)=O)NC([C@H](CO)NC([C@H]([C@H](O)C)NC([C@@H](NC([C@H]([C@H](O)C)NC(CNC([C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC([C@H](CO)NC([C@@H](N)CC2=CN=CN2)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)CC3=CC=CC=C3)=O)=O)=O)=O)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)=O)=O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC5=CC=CC=C5)C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CCSC)C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(N[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](O)C)=O)=O)=O)=O)CC6=CNC7=CC=CC=C67)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O.Cl

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

Purity & Documentation

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Song WJ, et al. Glucagon regulates hepatic kisspeptin to impair insulin secretion. Cell Metab. 2014 Apr 1;19(4):667-81. [Content Brief]

[2]. Hirota K, et al. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 is a novel downstream target of insulin via FKHR as a signal-regulated transcriptional inhibitor. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 11;278(15):13056-60. [Content Brief]

[3]. Song KH, et al. Glucagon and cAMP inhibit cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) gene expression in humanhepatocytes: discordant regulation of bile acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis. Hepatology. 2006 Jan;43(1):117-25. [Content Brief]

[4]. Capozzi ME, et al. Glucagon lowers glycemia when β-cells are active. JCI Insight. 2019 Jul 23;5. pii: 129954. [Content Brief]

Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human hydrochloride Related Classifications

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Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human28270-04-4GlucagonGCGRGlucagon Receptorpeptidehormonepancreatic αgluconeogenesisHNF-4HNF4αInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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