Somatic cell culture is a technique for cultivating and propagating cells from various animal and plant tissues in vitro. This method is commonly used in fields such as cytology, biomedical research, and bioengineering. Cells are provided with appropriate nutrients and growth conditions in culture media, allowing them to maintain growth, differentiation, and function in the absence of an in vivo environment. Somatic cell culture is widely used in drug screening, genetic engineering, cell therapy and biological production, providing an important tool for disease research and drug development.