2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Bcl-2 Family

Bcl-2 Family

Bcl-2 Family

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Bcl-2 is a family of evolutionarily related proteins. These proteins govern mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and can be either pro-apoptotic (Bax, Bad, Bak and Bok among others) or anti-apoptotic (including Bcl-2 proper, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-w, among an assortment of others). There are a total of 25 genes in the Bcl-2 family known to date. Human genes encoding proteins that belong to this family include: Bak1, Bax, Bal-2, Bok, Mcl-1.

Bcl-2 Family Isoform Specific Products:

Bcl-2 Family Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-15531
    Venetoclax
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    Venetoclax (ABT-199; GDC-0199) is a highly potent, selective and orally bioavailable Bcl-2 inhibitor with a Ki of less than 0.01 nM. Venetoclax induces autophagy.
    Venetoclax
  • HY-10087
    Navitoclax
    		Inhibitor 99.97%
    Navitoclax (ABT-263) is a potent and orally active Bcl-2 family protein inhibitor that binds to multiple anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, such as Bcl-xL, Bcl-2 and Bcl-w, with a Ki of less than 1 nM.
    Navitoclax
  • HY-107202
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid
    		99.40%
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, and to alter the tumor microenvironment. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid can directly trigger cancer cells to undergo apoptosis.
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid
  • HY-13755
    Sulforaphane
    		Inhibitor 99.75%
    Sulforaphane is an orally active inducer of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. Sulforaphane promotes the transcription of tumor-suppressing proteins and effectively inhibits the activity of HDACs. Through the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway and further induction of HO-1 expression, Sulforaphane protects the heart. Sulforaphane suppresses high glucose-induced pancreatic cancer through AMPK-dependent signal transmission. Sulforaphane exhibits both anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties.
    Sulforaphane
  • HY-100741
    S63845
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    S63845 is a potent and selective myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) inhibitor with a Kd of 0.19 nM for human MCL1.
    S63845
  • HY-130604
    DT2216
    		Degrader 99.97%
    DT2216 is a potent and selective BCL-XL (Bcl-2 family member) degrader based on PROTAC technology. DT2216 causes effective degradation of BCL-XL protein by recruiting Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3 ubiquitin ligase. DT2216 inhibits various BCL-XL-dependent leukemia and cancer cells but considerably less toxic to platelets. DT2216 is composed of the Bcl-2 family protein inhibitor Navitoclax (HY-10087), a linker, and a VHL E3 ubiquitin ligase (Red: Navitoclax; Blue: VHL ligand; Black: linker).
    DT2216
  • HY-118874A
    Oblimersen sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Oblimersen sodium is a BCL-2 inhibitor targeting BCL-2 RNA. Oblimersen sodium specifically binds to the first six codons of the bcl-2 mRNA sequence, resulting in degradation of bcl-2 mRNA and induces apoptosis by down-regulating expression of Bcl-2. Oblimersen sodium can be used for cancer research.
    Oblimersen sodium
  • HY-161276
    BFC1108
    BFC1108 is a small molecule Bcl-2 functional converter. BFC1108 induces a conformational change in Bcl-2, resulting in the exposure of its BH3 domain both in vitro and in vivo. BFC1108 effectively induces apoptosis in Bcl-2 expressing cancers..
    BFC1108
  • HY-50907
    ABT-737
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    ABT-737, a BH3 mimetic, is a potent Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w inhibitor with EC50s of 30.3 nM, 78.7 nM, and 197.8 nM, respectively. ABT-737 induces the disruption of the BCL-2/BAX complex and BAK-dependent but BIM-independent activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. ABT-737 induces autophagy and has the potential for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) research.
    ABT-737
  • HY-19741
    A-1331852
    		Inhibitor 99.65%
    A-1331852 is an orally available BCL-XL selective inhibitor with a Ki of less than 10 pM.
    A-1331852
  • HY-13594
    Chlorin e6
    Chlorin e6 is a photosensitizer and has strong absorption peaks at wavelength of 402 and 662 nm, as well as exhibiting intense fluorescence at 668 nm. Chlorin e6 has antimicrobial efficacy and anticancer activity. Chlorin e6 induces cell apoptosis via caspase-3 activation and can be used for the research of cancer.
    Chlorin e6
  • HY-101533
    AZD-5991
    		Inhibitor 99.50%
    AZD-5991 is a potent and selective Mcl-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.7 nM in FRET assay and a Kd of 0.17 nM in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay.
    AZD-5991
  • HY-114855
    BT2
    		Inhibitor 98.93%
    BT2 is a BCKDC kinase (BDK) inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.19 μM. BT2 binding to BDK triggers helix movements in the N-terminal domain, resulting in the dissociation of BDK from the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC). BT2 (compound 4) is also a potent and selective Mcl-1 inhibitor with a Ki value of 59 μM.
    BT2
  • HY-19725
    A-1155463
    		Inhibitor 99.60%
    A-1155463 is a highly potent and selective BCL-XL inhibitor with an EC50 of 70 nM in Molt-4 cell. A-1155463 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    A-1155463
  • HY-103269
    BAI1
    		Inhibitor 99.73%
    BAI1 is a selective and allosteric inhibitor of BAX, an apoptosis regulator. BAI1 directly binds to BAX and allosterically inhibits BAX activation. BAI1 has the potential for the research of diseases mediated by BAX-dependent cell death.
    BAI1
  • HY-B1192
    Estradiol benzoate
    		99.89%
    Estradiol benzoate (β-Estradiol 3-benzoate) is a HBx protein inhibitor and inhibits androgen and hepatitis B virus (HBV) transcription, replication. Estradiol benzoate shows antifertility effects, anti- Toxoplasma gondii activity and can improve memory behavior of Ovariectomy (Ovx) female mice.
    Estradiol benzoate
  • HY-112218
    MIK665
    		Inhibitor 99.72%
    MIK665 (S-64315), derived from S63845, is a myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (MCL1) inhibitor. MIK665 has an IC50 of 1.81 nM for MCL1.
    MIK665
  • HY-B1135
    Benzbromarone
    		99.80%
    Benzbromarone is an orally active anti-gout agent. Benzbromarone has anti-infammatory, anti-oxidative stress and nephroprotective effects. Benzbromarone can be used for the research of hyperuricemia and gout.
    Benzbromarone
  • HY-10969
    Obatoclax Mesylate
    		Inhibitor 99.74%
    Obatoclax Mesylate (GX15-070 Mesylate), a BH3 mimetic, is a pan-BCL-2 family proteins inhibitor with a Ki of 220 nM for BCL-2. Obatoclax Mesylate induces autophagy-dependent cell death and targets cyclin D1 for proteasomal degradation. Obatoclax Mesylate has anti-cancer and broad-spectrum antiparasitic activity.
    Obatoclax Mesylate
  • HY-12048
    Chelerythrine chloride
    		Inhibitor 99.42%
    Chelerythrine chloride is a potent, cell-permeable inhibitor of protein kinase C, with an IC50 of 660 nM. Chelerythrine chloride inhibits the Bcl-XL-Bak BH3 peptide binding with IC50 of 1.5 μM and displaces Bax from Bcl-XL. Chelerythrine chloride induces apoptosis and autophagy.
    Chelerythrine chloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
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Download Bcl-2 Family Signaling Pathway Map.

Bcl-2 family members have been grouped into three classes. The anti-apoptotic subfamily contains the Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1, Bfl1/A-1, and Bcl-B proteins, which suppress apoptosis and contain all four Bcl-2 homology domains, designated BH1-4. The pro-apoptotic subfamily contain BH1-3 domains, such as Bax, Bak, and Bok. A third class of BH3 only proteins Bad, Bid, Bim, Noxa and Puma have a conserved BH3 domain that can bind and regulate the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins to promote apoptosis [1].


The intrinsic pathway is initiated by various signals, principally extracellular stimuli. BH3-only proteins (Bim, Bid, Bad, Noxa, Puma) engage with anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins to relieve their inhibition of Bax and Bak to activate them. Next, Bax and Bak are oligomerized and activated, leading to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. Once mitochondrial membranes are permeabilized, cytochrome c and/or Smac/DIABLO is released into the cytoplasm, wherein they combine with an adaptor molecule, Apaf-1, and an inactive initiator Caspase, Pro-caspase 9, within a multiprotein complex called the apoptosome. Smac/DIABLO inhibits IAPs to activate Caspase 9. Caspase 9 activates Caspase 3, which is the initiation step for the cascade of Caspase activation. The extrinsic pathway can be activated by cell surface receptors, such as Fas and TNF Receptor, subsequently activating Caspase 8, and leads to Caspase 3 activation and cell demolition. Caspases in turn cleave a series of substrates, activate DNases and orchestrate the demolition of the cell. Bcl-2 family proteins are also found on the endoplasmic reticulum and the perinuclear membrane in hematopoietic cells, but they are predominantly localized to mitochondria [2]. 

 

Reference:
[1]. Cotter TG, et al. Apoptosis and cancer: the genesis of a research field. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009 Jul;9(7):501-7.

[2]. Kang MH, et al. Bcl-2 inhibitors: targeting mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Feb 15;15(4):1126-32.

Bcl-2 Family Isoform Comparison

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