Norepinephrine tartrate  (Synonyms: Levarterenol tartrate; L-Noradrenaline tartrate)

Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) tartrate is a potent adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist. Norepinephrine tartrate activates α₁, α₂, β₁ receptors^[1][2][3][4].

Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) tartrate is generally considered to be a β₁-subtype selective adrenergic agonist over β₂-adrenoceptor. Norepinephrine(NE) tartrate also has direct activity at the β₂-adrenoceptor in higher concentrations^[2].
Adipocytes from the inguinal fat pad (iWA) or the interscapular fat pad (BA) are isolated from neonatal wild-type C57BL/6J mice and cultured. To examine the effect of activating AT2 upon β-adrenergic signaling, cAMP production is first assessed in response to Norepinephrine (NE, 10 µM) with or without CGP (10 nM) co-treatment.
Norepinephrine (NE) increases cAMP as expected in iWA, and CGP does not alter this effect
Norepinephrine (NE) is also known to induce lipolysis, and liberated fatty acids are required to functionally activate UCP1 protein and to stimulate heat production. CREB phosphorylation at Ser133 is increased after Norepinephrine (NE) treatment and significantly attenuated with CGP co-treatment in mouse iWA^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

319.26

C₁₂H₁₇NO₉

51-40-1

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• [1]. Brian P Ramos, et al. Adrenergic pharmacology and cognition: focus on the prefrontal cortex. Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Mar;113(3):523-36.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. MacGregor DA, et al. Relative efficacy and potency of beta-adrenoceptor agonists for generating cAMP in human lymphocytes. Chest. 1996 Jan;109(1):194-200.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Littlejohn NK, et al. Suppression of Resting Metabolism by the Angiotensin AT2 Receptor. Cell Rep. 2016 Aug 9;16(6):1548-60.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Xinyu Xu, et al. Binding pathway determines norepinephrine selectivity for the human β 1 AR over β 2 AR. Cell Res. 2021 May;31(5):569-579.  [Content Brief]