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  4. TGM2/Transglutaminase 2 Protein, Human (sf9, His)

TGM2/Transglutaminase 2 Protein, Human (sf9, His)

Cat. No.: HY-P76114
COA Handling Instructions

In summary, TGM2 is a multifunctional enzyme that plays crucial roles in various cellular processes. It acts as a protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyl transferase, mediating the cross-linking of proteins involved in cellular functions. TGM2/Transglutaminase 2 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is the recombinant human-derived TGM2/Transglutaminase 2 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of TGM2/Transglutaminase 2 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is 687 a.a., with molecular weight of ~80 kDa.

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Description

In summary, TGM2 is a multifunctional enzyme that plays crucial roles in various cellular processes. It acts as a protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyl transferase, mediating the cross-linking of proteins involved in cellular functions. TGM2/Transglutaminase 2 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is the recombinant human-derived TGM2/Transglutaminase 2 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of TGM2/Transglutaminase 2 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is 687 a.a., with molecular weight of ~80 kDa.

Background

Transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) is a calcium-dependent acyltransferase that facilitates the formation of covalent bonds between peptide-bound glutamine and various primary amines, leading to the cross-linking or amination of proteins. It plays a crucial role in diverse biological processes, including bone development, angiogenesis, wound healing, cellular differentiation, chromatin modification, and apoptosis. TGM2 acts as a protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase by mediating the cross-linking of various proteins involved in essential cellular functions. Under physiological conditions, its protein cross-linking activity is inhibited by GTP, with relief of inhibition in response to Ca(2+) during stress. When secreted, TGM2 catalyzes the cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins, forming stable scaffolds. In apoptosis, TGM2 contributes to the condensation of the cytoplasm by promoting the cross-linking of cytoskeletal proteins and mediates the irreversible formation of scaffolds that stabilize dying cells before clearance by phagocytosis, preventing the leakage of harmful intracellular components. Additionally, TGM2 performs diverse protein post-translational modifications, including aminylation of serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, or histamine into glutamine residues, generating protein serotonylation, dopaminylation, noradrenalinylation, or histaminylation, respectively. It plays a key role in chromatin organization by mediating serotonylation and dopaminylation of histone H3. Moreover, TGM2 acts as a mediator of neurotransmission-independent roles of nuclear dopamine in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons, regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system. It also regulates vein remodeling by mediating serotonylation and subsequent inactivation of ATP2A2/SERCA2. Furthermore, TGM2 acts as a protein deamidase, converting specific glutamine residues to glutamate, and may function as an isopeptidase cleaving previously formed cross-links. It can also participate in signaling pathways independently of its acyltransferase activity, acting as a signal transducer in alpha-1 adrenergic receptor-mediated stimulation of phospholipase C-delta (PLCD) activity, and is required for coupling alpha-1 adrenergic agonists to the stimulation of phosphoinositide lipid metabolism. TGM2 exhibits cytotoxic activity, inducing apoptosis independently of its acyltransferase activity.

Biological Activity

The enzyme activity of this recombinant protein is testing in progress, we cannot offer a guarantee yet.

Species

Human

Source

Sf9 insect cells

Tag

N-His

Accession

P21980-1 (M1-A687)

Gene ID
Molecular Construction
N-term
His
TGM2 (M1-A687)
Accession # P21980
C-term
Synonyms
Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2; Transglutaminase C; TGase-2
Molecular Weight

Approximately 80 kDa

Purity

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE

Appearance

Lyophilized powder.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 50 mM Tris, 100 mM NaCl, 2 mM DTT, 10% Glycerol, pH 8.0. Normally 5 % - 8 % trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween 80 are added as protectants before lyophilization.

Endotoxin Level

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

Reconstitution

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH2O.

Storage & Stability

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Documentation

TGM2/Transglutaminase 2 Protein, Human (sf9, His) Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

  • Reconstitution Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

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The reconstitution calculator equation

Volume (to add to vial) = Mass (in vial) ÷ Desired Reconstitution Concentration

Volume (to add to vial) = Mass (in vial) ÷ Desired Reconstitution Concentration
= ÷

The dilution calculator equation

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
× = ×
C1   V1   C2   V2

The specific activity calculator equation

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) = 106 ÷ Biological Activity (ED50)

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) = 106 ÷ Biological Activity (ED50)
Unit/mg = 106 ÷ ng/mL

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TGM2/Transglutaminase 2 Protein, Human (sf9, His)
Cat. No.:
HY-P76114
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