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(Tyr0)-Urocortin, rat is a high-affinity agonist of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 1 (CRF-R1) and type 2 (CRF-R2). (Tyr0)-Urocortin, rat shows inhibitory binding constants (Ki) of 1-2 nM .
TYR Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for TYR gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.
Tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) (Polyphenol oxidase) is a rate-limiting enzyme that controls the production of melanin and is encoded by TYR gene. Tyrosinase is mainly found in melanosomes synthesized by skin melanocytes .
H-Tyr-Tyr-OH (L-Tyrosyl-L-tyrosine) is an antihypertensive peptide. H-Tyr-Tyr-OH inhibits angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) with an IC50 value of 0.028 mg/mL. H-Tyr-Tyr-OH can be used for the research of high blood pressure .
H-Ser-Tyr-OH is a dipeptide consisting of glutamic acid, glycine and histidine. H-Ser-Tyr-OH can form a copper(II) complex with copper ions to form a strong free radical scavenging activity. H-Ser-Tyr-OH also increases the intracellular uptake of the delta opioid receptor ligand deltorphin .
H-Tyr-Lys-OH is a dipeptide that can be used as a biomarker for AJH-1. H-Tyr-Lys-OH has a good binding affinity to angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) .
[Tyr8] Bradykinin is a B2 kinin receptor agonist. [Tyr8] Bradykinin also stimulates ERK1/2 phosphorylation. [Tyr8] Bradykinin can be used as an internal standard .
HeE1-2Tyr, a pyridobenzothiazole compound, is a flavivirus RNA dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) inhibitor. HeE1-2Tyr significantly inhibits West Nile, Dengue and SARS-CoV-2 RdRps (IC50 of 27.6 µM) activity in vitro .
(Phe13,Tyr19)-MCH (human, mouse, rat) is a potent SLC-1 and S643b receptor ligand. (Phe13,Tyr19)-MCH (human, mouse, rat) can be used as an agonist for SLC-1 and S643b receptor .
DOTA-Tyr-Lys-DOTA is a DOTA-based small molecule hapten. DOTA-Tyr-Lys-DOTAexhibits rapid clearance and low whole-body retention. DOTA-Tyr-Lys-DOTA can used in study pretargeted radioimmunotherapy .
(D-Trp12,Tyr34)-pTH (7-34) amide (bovine) is a potent and competitive antagonist of parathyroid hormone (PTH), with a Ki of 69 nM in bovine renal cortical membrane. (D-Trp12,Tyr34)-pTH (7-34) amide (bovine) can be used for growth and development regulation .
Suc-Leu-Tyr-AMC is a fluorometric peptide substrate for µ-calpain and m-calpain. The excitation wavelength is 360 nm and the emission wavelength is 460 nm .
γ-Glu-Tyr, a competitive inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) (IC50=6.77 mM), is a potentially functional component of the type 2 diabetes diet .
EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate, a biologically active peptide, is a tyrosine phosphate substrate. EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate can be used to detect protein tyrosine phosphatases activity .
H-L-Tyr(2-azidoethyl)-OH hydrochloride is a unnatural Tyrosine derivative. H-L-Tyr(2-azidoethyl)-OH hydrochloride is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group .
H-Tyr(3-I)-OH is a potent and effective tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor. H-Tyr(3-I)-OH is an intermediate in the production of thyroid hormones and has a role as a human or mouse metabolite .
H-Tyr(3-I)-OH- 13C6 is the 13C-labeled H-Tyr(3-I)-OH. H-Tyr(3-I)-OH is a potent and effective tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor. H-Tyr(3-I)-OH is an intermediate in the production of thyroid hormones and has a role as a human or mouse metabolite[1][2].
[Tyr8,Nle11] Substance P is a Substance P (HY-P0201) analog. Substance P is a peptide mainly secreted by neurons and is involved in many biological processes, including nociception and inflammation .
H-Lys-Tyr-OH TFA (Lysyltyrosine TFA) is a dipeptide composed of lysine and tyrosine. H-Lys-Tyr-OH TFA prevents neurological diseases or improves brain function by promoting the release of noradrenaline and tyrosine into the brain .
(d(CH2)51,Tyr(Me)2,Orn8)-Oxytocin (OVT) is an oxytocin receptor antagonist. (d(CH2)51,Tyr(Me)2,Orn8)-Oxytocin can be used for the research of neurological disease .
MeO-Succ-Arg-Pro-Tyr-AMC is an analogue of 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (HY-D0027). MeO-Succ-Arg-Pro-Tyr-AMC is a sensitive fluorescent substrate chymotrypsin-like protease. (λex=341 nm, λem=441 nm).
Dansyl-Tyr-Val-Gly TFA is a substrate of peptidylglycine monooxygenase (PHM). Peptidylglycine monooxygenase is an essential enzyme for the posttranslational amidation of neuroendocrine peptides .
H-Tyr-Phe-OH (L-Tyrosyl-L-phenylalanine) is an orally active inhibitor of Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), with an inhibiton rate of 48% at 50 μM. H-Tyr-Phe-OH can be used as an biomarker for differentiating benign thyroid nodules (BTN) from thyroid cancer (TC). H-Tyr-Phe-OH exhibits xanthine oxidase inhibition (uric acid lowering) activity and serves as regulator in IL-8 production in neutrophil-like cells .
EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate, a biologically active peptide, is a tyrosine phosphate substrate. EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate can be used to detect protein tyrosine phosphatases activity .
[Tyr0] Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (23-42), human, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion that also stimulates insulin secretion. [Tyr0] Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (23-42), human can be used in diabetes, obesity research .
EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate, a biologically active peptide, is a tyrosine phosphate substrate. EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate can be used to detect protein tyrosine phosphatases activity .
H-D-Tyr(Propargyl)-OH is a click chemistry reagent containing an Azide . H-D-Tyr(Propargyl)-OH is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Fmoc-L-Tyr(2-azidoethyl)-OH is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group. Fmoc-L-Tyr(2-azidoethyl)-OH is unnatural Fmoc-protected Tyrosine derivative bears an azidoethyl substitution as reactive handle e.g. for biorthogonal conjugations, via a Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar Click cycloaddition with alkynes. And azido-UAAs can be employed as IR reporters .
[Tyr(P)4] Angiotensin II is a peptide that has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contraction of normal arteries and hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cultured cells or diseased vessels .
Ac-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Val-Val-NH2 is a substrato peptídico of HIV-1 protease. Ac-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Val-Val-NH2 acts as the variable substrate in a peptidolytic assay to quantify the inhibition of the protease .
H-L-Tyr(3-N3)-OH is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide . H-L-Tyr(3-N3)-OH is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. Strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) can also occur with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
Fmoc-Tyr(3-F,tBu)-OH is a cyclic peptide compound with high membrane permeability and can specifically binds to a target molecule (extracted from patent WO2018225864A1) .
Ac-Tyr-Val-Lys-Asp-aldehyde is a caspase-1 inhibitor, can be used for disease research including anemia-associated to chronic diseases, chemotherapy-induced anemia and Diamond-Blackfan anemia .
[Tyr22] Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide, (22-37), rat is a fragments 22-37 of rat calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), targeting CGRP receptor and adenylate cyclase. Calcitonin is mainly produced by thyroid C cells while CGRP is secreted and stored in the nervous system .
(Phenylac1,D-Tyr(Et)2,Lys6,Arg8,des-Gly9)-Vasopressin is a potent vasopressin V1 receptor (VP V1R) antagonist. (Phenylac1,D-Tyr(Et)2,Lys6,Arg8,des-Gly9)-Vasopressin significantly decreases the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in rats .
(Phenylac1,D-Tyr(Et)2,Lys6,Arg8,des-Gly9)-Vasopressin is a potent vasopressin V1 receptor (VP V1R) antagonist. (Phenylac1,D-Tyr(Et)2,Lys6,Arg8,des-Gly9)-Vasopressin significantly decreases the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in rats .
Luteolin 7-sulfate is isolated from Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino, a marine plant. Luteolin 7-sulfate attenuates TYR gene expression through the intervention of a cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB)- and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF)-mediated signaling pathway, leading to the decreased melanin synthesis .
[Tyr12] Somatostatin 28 (1-14) is an analogue of Somatostatin-28 (1-14) (HY-P1499). Somatostatin-28 (1-14) is an N-terminal fragment of the neuropeptide somatostatin-28 .
H-Trp-Phe-Tyr-Ser(PO3H2)-Pro-Arg-pNA is a chromogenic substrate for Pin1. Pin1 is an essential and conserved mitotic peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, and can recognize the phosphoserine-proline bonds present in mitotic phosphoproteins .
Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH (compound 1) is a high-affinity pentapeptide to bind to the src SH2 domain (IC50≈1 µM). Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH is an inhibitor for src SH3-SH2:phosphoprotein interactions .
SKF 100398 (d(CH2)5Tyr(Et)VAVP), an arginine vasopressin (AVP) analogue, is a specific antagonist of the antidiuretic effect of exogenous and endogenous AVP .
Fmoc-Tyr(tBu)-OH- 13C9, 15N is a 15N-labeled and 13C-labled Hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine, a purine derivative, is a potential free radical generator and could be used as an indicator of hypoxia.
Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH TFA (compound 1) is a high-affinity pentapeptide to bind to the src SH2 domain (IC50≈1 µM). Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH TFA is an inhibitor for src SH3-SH2:phosphoprotein interactions .
(D-Tyr5,D-Ser(tBu)6,Azagly10)-LHRH is an analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). LHRH plays a central role in the control of reproduction by stimulating the release of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) .
Ala-parafluoroPhe-Arg-Cha-Cit-Tyr-NH2 is a biological active peptide. (Protease activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) belongs to a subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors and is known to mediate the cellular effects of thrombin. This peptide is a PAR-1 selective agonist displaying a high level of specificity to PAR-1 over PAR-2. The specificity of peptide was evaluated in cell-based calcium signaling assay using HEK293 cells. PAR-1 selective agonists can be used to study PAR-1 activation in vivo. In addition to its varied cellular effects of thrombin, PAR-1 has also been shown to coordinate with PAR-4 and regulate thrombin-induced hepatocellular carcinoma harboring thrombin formation within the tumor environment classified as 'coagulation type'.)
NCGC00249987 is a highly selective and allosteric Tyr phosphatase activity of Eya2 inhibitor with IC50s of 3 μM and 6.9 μM for Eya2 ED and MBP-Eya2 FL. NCGC00249987 specifically targets migration, invadopodia formation, and invasion of lung cancer cells .
BIIB091 is a potent, selective, orally active and reversible BTK inhibitor, with an IC50 of <0.5 nM. BIIB091 binds the BTK protein to sequester TYR-551 into an inactive conformation with excellent affinity. BIIB091 can be used for the research of multiple sclerosis .
MEK-IN-6 (Example 69) is a MEK inhibitor. MEK-IN-6 inhibits ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) phosphorylation in A375 cells (IC50: 2 nM). MEK-IN-6 can be used for research of cancer .
Calpain-1 substrate, fluorogenic serves as a sensitive and specific substrate for calpain-1 that cleaves Tyr-Gly bond and results in enhanced fluorescence .(Ex/Em = 490 nm/518 nm)
HJC0416 is a potent and orally active STAT3 inhibitor. HJC0416 shows antiprolifeative activity and induces apoptosis. HJC0416 decreases the expression of p-STAT3 (Tyr-705), Cyclin D1 and increases the expression of cleaved caspase-3 protein. HJC0416 shows anti-tumor activity .
STAT3-IN-9 is a potent STAT3 inhibitor. STAT3-IN-9 inhibits the activation of STAT3 (Tyr705) without influencing the phosphorylation of STAT1 (Tyr701). STAT3-IN-9 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase .
YPLP is a yeast-derived peptide Tyr-Pro-Leu-Pro, which exhibits activity in anti fatigue mechanisms through the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)- and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. YPLP is orally active .
JNJ-1013 is a potent and selective IRAK1 degrader with an IC50s of 72, 443, 1071 nM for IRAK1, IRAK4, VHL FP respectively. JNJ-1013 induces Apoptosis and increases the expression of cleavaged PARP. JNJ-1013 decreases the expression IRAK1, p-IKBα, pSTAT3(Tyr705) .
LHRH (1-5) (free acid) is a polypeptide generated by the cleavage of LHRH at the Tyr55-Gly 66 site. LHRH (1-5) (free acid) is converted into LHRH (1-3) and LHRH (4-5) fragments under the catalysis of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (HY-P2983) .
DOTA-LM3 is a somatostatin receptor (SSTR) antagonist. LM3 refers to p-Cl-Phe- cyclo(D-Cys-Tyr-D-4-amino-Phe(carbamoyl)-Lys-Thr-Cys)D-Tyr- NH2, as well as a somatostatin antagonist. DOTA-LM3 is often isotopically labeled for tracing tumors in vivo, such as 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 and 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3. 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3 shows favorable biodistribution, high tumor uptake, good tumor retention, and few safety concerns. 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 can be used for research in DOTATOC-negative liver metastases, such as pancreatic NET and extensive tumor thrombosis .
DOTA-LM3 TFA is a somatostatin receptor (SSTR) antagonist. LM3 refers to p-Cl-Phe- cyclo(D-Cys-Tyr-D-4-amino-Phe(carbamoyl)-Lys-Thr-Cys)D-Tyr- NH2, as well as a somatostatin antagonist. DOTA-LM3 TFA is often isotopically labeled for tracing tumors in vivo, such as 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 TFA and 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3 TFA. 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3 TFA shows favorable biodistribution, high tumor uptake, good tumor retention, and few safety concerns. 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 TFA can be used for research in DOTATOC-negative liver metastases, such as pancreatic NET and extensive tumor thrombosis .
Defactinib hydrochloride (VS-6063 hydrochloride; PF 04554878 hydrochloride) is a novel FAK inhibitor, which inhibits FAK phosphorylation at the Tyr397 site in a time- and dose-dependent manner.
Bacitracin Zinc (Zinc bacitracin) is a dephosphorylation of the C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate interference for inhibition of cleavage of Tyr from Met-enkephalin with IC50 of 10 μM.
MMP-8/MMP-26 Fluorogenic substrate (DNP-Pro-Leu-Ala-Tyr-Trp-Ala-Arg) is a matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) fluorogenic substrate. MMP-8/MMP-26 Fluorogenic substrate can be used for the research of atherosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and sepsis .
N-terminally acetylated Leu-enkephalin is the N-terminally acetylated form of Leu-enkephalin. Leu-enkephalin is a five amino acid endogenous peptide that acts as an agonist at opioid receptors.
3-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-lactic acid is a key metabolite in the P. roqueforti fermentation approach, with quantitative data of 10.2 ± 1.1 µM in Tyr1 (presence of L-tyrosine) of .
Euphornin is a anticaner agent, that can be isolated from E. helioscopia. Euphornin induces apoptosis via caspase-mediated pathways. Euphornin induces cell cycle arrest by increasing the level of the phospho-CDK1 (Tyr15) protein .
DNP-X acid (6-((2,4-Dinitrophenyl)amino)hexanoic acid), an amine-reactive building block for developing a probe, can be recognized by anti-DNP antibodies. DNP-X acid is also an excellent amine-reactive FRET quencher paired with Trp or Tyr.
MAO-B-IN-15 is a selective MAO-B inhibitor (IC50: 13.5 μM) that forms π-π interaction with Tyr 326 residue. MAO-B-IN-15 can be used in the research of Parkinson’s disease .
BTK-IN-34 (compound 9h) is a selective BTK inhibitor. BTK-IN-34 shows antiproliferative activity in RAMOS cells through selective inhibition of pBTK (Tyr223) without affecting Lyn and Syk, upstream proteins in the BCR signaling pathway .
Bacitracin (Zinc) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bacitracin (Zinc). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bacitracin Zinc (Zinc bacitracin) is a dephosphorylated product of C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate and inhibits Tyr cleavage from Met-enkephalin with an IC50 of 10 μM.
TAT-GluR23A Fusion Peptide is a biological active peptide. (This is the GluR23A sequence, a control inactive peptide used as a mutant counterpart to glutamate receptor endocytosis inhibitor (GluR23Y), connected to an 11 amino acid cell permeable HIV Trans-Activator of Transcription (TAT) protein transduction domain (PTD). GluR23A is derived from GluR23Y amino acids 869 to 877, with Ala substituted for Tyr, and thus lacking essential phosphorylation sites.Control peptide of HY-P2259)
CEP-37440 is a potent, orally active dual FAK/ALK inhibitor with IC50 values of 2.3 nM and 3.5 nM for FAK and ALK, respectively. CEP-37440 decreases the cell proliferation by blocking the autophosphorylation kinase activity of FAK1 (Tyr 397) .
[pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) is derived from the autophosphorylation site (Tyr992) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR 988-993). [pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) is often complexed with the catalytically inactive protein-tyrosine phosphate 1B (PTP1B) .
[pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) TFA is derived from the autophosphorylation site (Tyr992) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR 988-993). [pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) TFA is often complexed with the catalytically inactive protein-tyrosine phosphate 1B (PTP1B) .
JS25 is a selective and covalent inhibitor of BTK that inactivates BTK with an IC50 value of 5.8 nM by chelating Tyr551. JS25 inhibits cancer cells proliferation, pronounces cell death, and promotes murine xenograft model of Burkitt’s lymphoma. JS25 effectively crosses the blood-brain barrier .
PDE5-IN-9 (Compound 59) is a PDE5 inhibitor (IC50: 11.2 μM). PDE5-IN-9 shows interaction with Gln 817, Tyr 612, and Ala 767 amino acid residues. PDE5-IN-9 can be used for research of cardiovascular disease .
3-Fluoro-L-tyrosine is a tyrosine analogue, inhibits transamination by tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT). And 3-FluoroL-tyrosine has been shown to be biologically incorporated into proteins in place of tyrosine. 3-Fluoro-L-tyrosine pretends to be the substrate of rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase, markedly disturbs the Tyr-TAT association .
BQZ-485 is a a potent GDI2 inhibitor through the interaction with Tyr245. BQZ-485 disrupts the intrinsic GDI2-Rab1A interaction, thereby abolishing vesicular transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus and initiating subsequent paraptosis events .
Rostafuroxin (PST 2238), a digitoxigenin derivative, is an orally active and potent Na +,K +-ATPase (ATP1A1) antognist. Rostafuroxin binds specifically to the ATP1A1 extracellular domain and blocks respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-triggered EGFR Tyr845 phosphorylation. Rostafuroxin has antihypertensive and anti-RSV activity .
Solasurine is a steroidal alkaloid that can be isolated from Solanum surrattence. Solasurine can interact with the C3-like protease (SARS-CoV-2 main protease) amino acids Phe8, Pro9, Ile152, Tyr154, Pro293, Phe294, Val297, and Arg298 .
Diethyl pyrocarbonate is a potent, orally active, non-specific chemical inhibitor of RNase. Diethyl pyrocarbonate has been useful in vitro as an agent relatively specific for binding to imidazole of histidine. Diethyl pyrocarbonate inhibits central chemosensitivity in rabbits. Diethyl pyrocarbonate can modify Ser, Thr, His and Tyr residues. Diethyl pyrocarbonate can be used for modeling .
DA 3003-2 is a potent and selectively Cdc25 inhibitor. DA 3003-2 shows antiproliferative activity. DA 3003-2 induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and increases the expression of P-tyr15 Cdc2. DA 3003-2 has the potential for the research of prostate cancer .
AIM-100 is a potent and selective Ack1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 21.58 nM. AIM-100 also inhibits Tyr267 phosphorylation. AIM-100 does not inhibits other kinases including PI3-kinase and AKT subfamily members. AIM-100 has an anticancer effect .
DNP-X, SE (6-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)aminohexanoic acid, succinimidyl ester), the DNP-X acid modified by succinimidyl ester, is an amine-reactive building block for developing a probe, which can be recognized by anti-DNP antibodies. DNP-X, SE (6-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)aminohexanoic acid, succinimidyl ester) is also an excellent amine-reactive FRET quencher paired with Trp or Tyr.
G5-7, an orally active and allosteric JAK2 inhibitor, selectively inhibits JAK2 mediated phosphorylation and activation of EGFR (Tyr1068) and STAT3 by binding to JAK2. G5-7 induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and possesses antiangiogenic effect. G5-7 has the potential for glioma study .
FSY-OSO2F is used as an amino acid tracer for subsutaneous MCF-7 tumors after labeling with isotope 18F. FSY-OSO2F shows an uptake in MCF-7 cells through the regulation of L-Tyr, ASC, and ASC2 transporters. FSY-OSO2F visualizes the U78MG glioma labeled with 18F .
Dihexa, an oligopeptide drug, is an orally active and blood-brain barrier-permeable angiotensin IV analog. Dihexa binds to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with high affinity (Kd=65 pM) and potentiates its activity at its receptor, c-Met. Dihexa exhibits excellent antidementia activity and improves cognitive function in animal models. Dihexa may have therapeutic potential as a treatment Alzheimer’s disease .
Acetyl tetrapeptide-15 is a synthetic peptide used in the cosmetics for sensitive skin. Acetyl tetrapeptide-15 is derived from endomorphin-2 (Tyr-Pro-Phe-Phe-NH2), a human μ-opioid agonist with selective anti-nociceptive effect. Acetyl tetrapeptide-15 reduces skin hyperreactivity producing inflammatory, chronic and neuropathic pain, by increasing the threshold of neuronal excitability in μ-opioid receptor via an endorphin-like pathway .
AS601245 is an orally active, selective, ATP competitive JNK (c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase) inhibitor with IC50s of 150, 220, and 70 nM for three JNK human isoforms (hJNK1, hJNK2, and hJNK3), respectively. AS601245 exhibits 10- to 20-fold selectivity over c-src, CDK2, and c-Raf and more than 50- to 100-fold selectivity over a range of Ser/Thr- and Tyr-protein kinases. Neuroprotective properties .
H-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH (hydrochloride) is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group. Used as a modified Phe or Tyr analogue in protein and peptide biosynthesis. Propargyloxycarbonyl, commonly abbreviated as Poc or Pryoc, can either be used as alkyne component for standard Click conjugation or in combination with tetrazine linkers in copper-free Diels-Alder type Click reactions. It also has applications as unusual protecting group for amines, hydroxy functions and as esters. All 3 are stable to neat TFA, but can be cleaved at ambient temperature with Co2(CO)8 in TFA:DCM. Deprotection with other transition metals like palladium have also been reported . H-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH (hydrochloride) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Cn2 toxin TFA (β-Mammal toxin Cn2 TFA) is a single-chain β-scorpion neurotoxic peptide that is the main toxin in scorpion venom. Cn2 toxin (TFA) specifically targets mammalian voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) Nav1.6 .
Peptide YY (PYY) is a gut hormone that regulates appetite and inhibits pancreatic secretion. Peptide YY (PYY) can mediate its effects through the Neuropeptide Y receptors.
[Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) is a specific neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor agonist. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) slao activates Y4, Y5. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) can increase blood pressure in anesthetized rats and increases food intake .
[Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA is a specific neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor agonist. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA slao activates Y4, Y5. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA can increase blood pressure in anesthetized rats and increases food intake .
[Leu31,Pro34]- Neuropeptide Y (porcine), a Neuropeptide Y (NPY) analog, is a selective NPY Y1 receptor agonist. [Leu31,Pro34]- Neuropeptide Y (porcine) exhibits anxiolytic effects .
(Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (TFA) is the TFA form of (Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (HY-P3877). (Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (TFA) is a Peptide YY (HY-P1514) derivative and is a potent and selective Y1 agonist with a KD of 1.0 nM .
[D-Arg25]-Neuropeptide Y (human) ([D-Arg25] NPY) is a Y1 receptor selective agonist. Neuropeptide Y (human) is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and protects rat cortical neurons against β-Amyloid toxicity .
Kurtoxin is a selective Cav3 (T-type) voltage-gated Ca 2+ channel gating inhibitor with a Kd of 15 nM for Cav3.1 (α1G T-type) Ca 2+ channel. Kurtoxin can interact with high affinity with native neuronal high-threshold L-type, N-type, and P-type Ca 2+ channels in central and peripheral neurons. Kurtoxin also shows cross-reactivity with voltage-gated Na + channel .
Scorpion toxin Tf2 is a β-scorpion toxin, which is firstly identified in the venom of the Brazilian scorpion Tityus fasciolatus. Scorpion toxin Tf2 is a Nav1.3 activator, which is a neuronal voltage-gated sodium (Nav) subtype implicated in epilepsy and nociception. Scorpion toxin Tf2 enhances hNav1.3 activation voltage and opens the channel at resting membrane potentials .
MitTx is a complex formed by MitTx-α and MitTx-β. MitTx is an ASIC1 channel activator with EC50 values of 9.4 and 23 nM for ASIC1a and ASIC1b isoforms, respectively. MitTx is highly selective for ASIC1 isoforms at neutral pH. Under acidic conditions, MitTx greatly enhances proton-evoked ASIC2a channel activation .
Hispidalin is a novel antimicrobial peptide with broad and efficient antibacterial activity against various bacterial and fungal pathogens, and can be used as an antibacterial agent and food preservative .
Tat-GluR23Y, scrambled is the scrambled peptide of Tat-GluR23Y (HY-P2259). Tat-GluR23Y is a synthetic peptide containing tyrosine residues that inhibit AMPAR endocytosis and is effective in the research of long-term depression (LTD) .
Tat-GluR23Y, scrambled TFA is the scrambled peptide of Tat-GluR23Y (HY-P2259). Tat-GluR23Y is a synthetic peptide containing tyrosine residues that inhibit AMPAR endocytosis and is effective in the research of long-term depression (LTD) .
DX600 is a selective ACE2 specific inhibitor (KD: 1.3 nM), and does not cross-react with ACE. DX600 exacerbates diabetes-induced cardiovascular dysfunction and the increase in cardiac and renal NOX activity .
DX600 TFA is a selective ACE2 specific inhibitor (KD: 1.3 nM), and does not cross-react with ACE. DX600 TFA exacerbates diabetes-induced cardiovascular dysfunction and the increase in cardiac and renal NOX activity .
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is the key regulatory factor in promoting cell survival. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathways are related with apoptosis. Loss of Epidermal growth factor (EGF) leads to embryonic or perinatal lethality with abnormalities in multiple organs. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) can stimulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production for a short period of time in cells. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) can be used to research development and cancer .
δ-Dendrotoxin is a K + channel blocker that can be obtained from the venom of the black mamba snake. δ-Dendrotoxin can be used in the study of neurological diseases .
Histatin-3 TFA, a 32 amino acid peptide, possesses powerful antimicrobial properties. Histatin-3 TFA behaves as a substrate for proprotein convertase 1 (PC1), being cleaved by this endoprotease primarily at a site carboxy terminal to the single Arg25 residue (HRGYR decrease SN). Histatin-3 TFA is a moderately potent, reversible and competitive inhibitor of the furin-mediated cleavage of the pentapeptide pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-MCA fluorogenic substrate, with an estimated inhibition constant Ki of 1.98 μM .
BmK-M1 is a scorpion toxin, and is composed of 64 amino acids cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. BmK-M1 inhibits Na + channel and can be considered both as a cardiotoxin and a neurotoxin .
PACAP (6-38), human, ovine, rat is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50s of 30, 600, and 40 nM for PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2, respectively.
PACAP (6-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50s of 30, 600, and 40 nM for PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2, respectively.
Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat), a neuropeptide Y (NPY) metabolite formed from dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), is a selective Y2 receptor agonist. Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) is a NPY metabolite formed from dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4). Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) decreases release of norepinephrine via the Y2 receptor .
Peptide YY (PYY) (3-36), Human is an endogenous appetite suppressing peptide. Peptide YY (PYY) (3-36), Human, a neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptor agonist, is a powerful inhibitor of intestinal secretion .
δ-Buthitoxin-Hj2a, a scorpion-venom peptide, is a potent NaV1.1 agonist with an EC50 of 32 nM. δ-Buthitoxin-Hj2a can be used for the Dravet syndrome (DS) research .
Pancreatic Polypeptide, bovine, a 36-amino acid, straight chain polypeptide derived primarily from the pancreas, inhibits secretin- and cholecystokinin-stimulated pancreatic secretion; Pancreatic Polypeptide, bovine acts as an agonist of NPY receptor, with high affinity at NPYR4.
Pancreatic polypeptide is a peptide secreted by the endocrine PP cells of the pancreas that regulates pancreatic secretory activity and also affects hepatic glycogen stores and gastrointestinal secretion .
PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA is an endogenous neuropeptide. PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA potently stimulates antral motility and somatostatin secretion, inhibits the secretion of gastrin and stimulates the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin releasing peptide and substance P. PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA also enhances N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor through RACK1 .
PACAP (1-38) free acid is an endogenous neuropeptide. PACAP (1-38) free acid potently stimulates antral motility and somatostatin secretion, inhibits the secretion of gastrin and stimulates the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin releasing peptide and substance P. PACAP (1-38) free acid also enhances N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor through RACK1 .
PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat is a neuropeptide with 38 amino acid residues. PACAP (1-38) binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC50s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively.
PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a neuropeptide with 38 amino acid residues. PACAP (1-38) binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC50s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively.
OD1 is a scorpion α-toxin that can be isolated from the venom of the Iranian yellow scorpion (Odonthobuthus doriae. OD1 is a modulator of mammalian Nav1.7 (EC50: 4.5 nM) .
Huwentoxin XVI, an analgesic, is a highly reversible and selective mammalian N-type calcium channel (IC50 of ~60 nM) antagonist from Chinese tarantula Ornithoctonus huwena. Huwentoxin XVI has no effect on voltagegated T-type calcium channels, potassium channels or sodium channels .
Huwentoxin XVI TFA, an analgesic, is a highly reversible and selective mammalian N-type calcium channel (IC50 of ~60 nM) antagonist from Chinese tarantula Ornithoctonus huwena. Huwentoxin XVI TFA has no effect on voltagegated T-type calcium channels, potassium channels or sodium channels .
APETx2 TFA, a sea anemone peptide from Anthopleura elegantissima, is a selective and reversible ASIC3 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 63 nM. APETx2 directly inhibits the ASIC3 channel by acting at its external side. APETx2 could reverses acid‐induced and inflammatory pain .
APETx2, a sea anemone peptide from Anthopleura elegantissima, is a selective and reversible ASIC3 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 63 nM. APETx2 directly inhibits the ASIC3 channel by acting at its external side. APETx2 could reverses acid‐induced and inflammatory pain .
LCI peptide is an antimicrobial peptide with antibacterial activity. LCI peptide is active against plant pathogens, Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas, including E. coli, Gentamicin-resistant MRSA and Xoo .
HA Peptide (HA tag) is a nine amino acids peptide derived from the human influenza hemagglutinin (HA). HA Peptide is extensively used to isolate, purify, detect, and track the protein of interest in cell biology and biochemistry.
Human milk lysozyme is the lysozyme found in human milk. Human milk lysozyme is thought to be a key defense factor in protecting the gastrointestinal tract of newborns against bacterial infection .
BDS-I known as blood depressing substance, is a marine toxin which can be extracted from Anemonia sulcata. BDS-I is a specific inhibitor of Potassium Channel, targeting to Kv3.4. BDS-I inhibits Aβ1-42-induced enhancement of KV3.4 activity, caspase-3 activation, and abnormal nuclear morphology of NGF-differentiated PC-12 cells. BDS-I reverts the Aβ peptide-induced cell death .
WP9QY, TNF-a Antagonist, TNF-a Antagonist is a biological active peptide. (This cyclic peptide is designed to mimic the most critical tumor necrosis factor (TNF) recognition loop on TNF receptor I. It prevents interactions of TNF with its receptor. This TNF antagonist is a useful template for the development of small molecular inhibitors to prevent both inflammatory bone destruction and systemic bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis.)
TAT-NEP1-40 acetate is a therapeutic candidate for axonal regeneration and functional recovery after stroke. TAT-NEP1-40 acetate can protect PC12 cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) and promote neurite outgrowth. TAT-NEP1-40 acetate protects the brain against ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibition of neuronal apoptosis. TAT-NEP1-40 acetate can be efficiently delivered into the rat brains .
TAT-NEP1-40 is a BBB-penatrable peptide. TAT-NEP1-40 protects PC12 cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), and promotes neurite outgrowth. TAT-NEP1-40 also improves ischemia-induced neurologic outcomes by inhibiting cell apoptosis in ischemic brains. TAT-NEP1-40 can be used for research of CNS injuries, such as axonal regeneration and functional recovery after stroke .
TAT-NEP1-40 TFA is a BBB-penatrable peptide. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA protects PC12 cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), and promotes neurite outgrowth. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA also improves ischemia-induced neurologic outcomes by inhibiting cell apoptosis in ischemic brains. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA can be used for research of CNS injuries, such as axonal regeneration and functional recovery after stroke .
PD-1/PD-L1-IN-42 (Compound B8.4) is an inhibitor of the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1, with an EC50 of 0.1 μM. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-42 can be used for the research of cancer immunotherapy .
Insulin cattle is a two-chain polypeptide hormone produced in vivo in the pancreatic β cells. Insulin cattle has often been used as growth supplement in culturing cells.
Jagged-1 (188-204) is a fragment of the Jagged-1 (JAG-1) protein with Notch agonist activity. JAG-1 is a Notch ligand highly expressed in cultured and primary multiple myeloma (MM) cells. JAG-1 induces maturation of monocyte-derived human dendritic cells .
Dendrotoxin K is a Kv1.1 channel blocker. Dendrotoxin K determines glutamate release in CA3 neurons in a time-dependent manner through the control of the presynaptic spike waveform .
Dendrotoxin K TFA is a Kv1.1 channel blocker. Dendrotoxin K TFA determines glutamate release in CA3 neurons in a time-dependent manner through the control of the presynaptic spike waveform .
Forigerimod (IPP-201101) is a CD4 T-cell modulator. Forigerimod is a 21-amino-acid fragment of U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa that is phosphorylated at Ser140. Forigerimod can potently inhibit autophagy. Forigerimod can be used for the research of autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .
Aprotinin is a bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) inhibitor which inhibits trypsin and chymotrypsin with Kis of 0.06 pM and 9 nM, respectively.
Calciseptine, a natural?neurotoxin?isolated from the black mamba Dendroaspis p. polylepis venom. Calciseptine consists of 60 amino acids with four disulfide bonds. Calciseptine specifically blocks L-type?calcium channel[1].
Fasciculin-I is isolated from the mambas venom. Fasciculin-I exerts its toxic effects by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Fasciculin-I blocks α-neurotoxins of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and cardiac toxins that interact with cell membranes .
Balixafortide TFA (POL6326 TFA) is a potent, selective, well-tolerated peptidic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA shows 1000-fold selective for CXCR4 than a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide TFA blocks β-arrestin recruitment and calcium flux with IC50s < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA is also a potent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilizing agent. Anti-cancer effects .
Balixafortide (POL6326) is a potent, selective, well-tolerated peptidic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 < 10 nM. Balixafortide shows 1000-fold selective for CXCR4 than a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide blocks β-arrestin recruitment and calcium flux with IC50s < 10 nM. Balixafortide is also a potent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilizing agent. Anti-cancer effects .
PACAP (6-27) (human, ovine, rat) is a PACAP receptor antagonist that blocks the canine adrenal catecholamine response to exogenous vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). PACAP (6-27) (human, ovine, rat) has the potential to study cardiovascular and neurological diseases .
Insulin peglispro (BIL) is a basal insulin with a flat, prolonged activity profile. Insulin peglispro can exhibit better glycaemic control compared to conventional insulins .
MitTx-alpha is a subunit of MitTx. MitTx is a potent, persistent, and selective agonist for acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs). MitTx is highly selective for the ASIC1 subtype at neutral pH; under more acidic conditions (pH<6.5), MitTx massively potentiates (>100-fold) proton-evoked activation of ASIC2a channels .
Endothelin-3, human, mouse, rabbit, rat TFA is a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide that binds to G-protein-linked transmembrane receptors, ET-RA and ET-RB.
[Ala2] Endothelin-3, human is a linear analog of endothelin-3 (ET-3) where substitution of Ala for Cys residues. TE-3 is a vasoactive peptide, produced by human rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines, whereas it is not expressed by human sarcoma cell lines of non-muscle origin. ET-3 acts as a paracrine factor, since it promotes migration of endothelial cells .
PACAP (1-27), human, ovine, rat TFA (PACAP 1-27 TFA) is the N-terminal fragment of PACAP-38, and is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50s of 3 nM, 2 nM and 5 nM for rat PAC1, rat VPAC1 and human VPAC2, respectively .
VIPhyb (compound VIPhyb) is a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) receptor antagonist that can be used in the study of cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) .
Bay 55-9837 TFA is a potent and highly selective agonist of VPAC2, with a Kd of 0.65 nM. Bay 55-9837 TFA may be a useful therapy for the research of type 2 diabetes .
Bay 55-9837 is a potent and highly selective agonist of VPAC2, with a Kd of 0.65 nM. Bay 55-9837 may be a useful therapy for the research of type 2 diabetes .
αO-Conotoxin GeXIVA is a potent α9α10 nAChR antagonist with an IC50 of 12 nM against rat α9α10. αO-Conotoxin GeXIVA shows analgesic in animal models of pain .
Defensin HNP-1 human is a Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs), involved in endothelial cell dysfunction at the time of early atherosclerotic development. Defensin HNP-1 human exhibits broad antimicrobial and anti-leishmanial activities .
Defensin HNP-1 human TFA is a Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs), involved in endothelial cell dysfunction at the time of early atherosclerotic development. Defensin HNP-1 human TFA exhibits broad antimicrobial and anti-leishmanial activities .
Defensin HNP-3 human is a cytotoxic antibiotic peptide known as "defensin". Defensin HNP-3 human has inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Defensin HNP-3 human is initially synthesized as the 94 amino acids preproHNP(1-94), which is hydrolyzed to proHNP(20-94) and converted to mature HNP(65-94) after the removal of anion precursors .
Jingzhaotoxin-XII (JzTx-XII) is a specific Kv4.1 channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.363 μM. Jingzhaotoxin-XII interacts with the channels by modifying the gating behavior .
Enterocin K1 (EntK1) is a bacteriocin. Enterocin K1 is a ribosomal synthetic peptide. Enterocin K1 specifically targets Enterococcus faecalis via the Eep protein on the bacterial membrane. Enterocin K1 displays a potent antibacterial activity against VRE. Enterocin K1 can be used for related studies of VRE infections .
δ-Theraphotoxin-Hm1b is a 42-amino acid peptide isolated from Togo starburst tarantula (Heteroscodra maculata) venom. δ-Theraphotoxin-Hm1b selectively inhibits inactivation of NaV1.1 but have no effect on NaV1.7 .
Human α-Defensin 6, a 32-residue cysteine-rich peptide, can inhibit bacterial invasion and contribute to the mucosal immunity. Human α-Defensin 6 forms ordered self-assembly fibrils and nanonets that surround and entangle bacteria after stochastic binding to bacterial surface proteins. Human α-Defensin 6 also inhibits C. albicans biofilm formation .
Human β-defensin-1 (HβD-1) is a cysteine-rich cationic skin-antimicrobial peptide (SAP) produced by all epithelial surfaces, but also by circulatory cells and cells of the reproductive tract. Human β-defensin-1 has antimicrobial activities against a broad-sperm bacteria .
Phlotoxin-1 (PhlTx1) is a 34-amino acid and 3-disulfide bridge peptide. Phlotoxin-1 can be isolated from Phlogiellus genus spider. Phlotoxin-1 is an antinociceptive agent by inhibiting NaV1.7 channel .
Retatrutide (LY3437943) is a triple agonist peptide of the glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Retatrutide binds human GCGR, GIPR, and GLP-1R with EC50 values of 5.79, 0.0643 and 0.775 nM, respectively. Retatrutide can be used for the research of obesity .
Retatrutide (LY3437943) TFA is a triple agonist peptide of the glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Retatrutide TFA binds human GCGR, GIPR, and GLP-1R with EC50 values of 5.79, 0.0643 and 0.775 nM, respectively. Retatrutide TFA can be used for the research of obesity .
Ssm Spooky Toxin from?Scolopendra mutilans, exhibits lethal toxicity in hematological and respiratory systems by potently inhibiting KCNQ (voltage-gated potassium channel family 7) channels, with IC50? of 2.8 μM, 5.26 μM and 0.1-0.3 M for Kv7.4, Kv1.3, and Shal channel, respectivily. Ssm Spooky Toxin inhibits cytokine generation by specifically acting on the KV1.3 channel in T cells. Ssm Spooky Toxin plays an essential role in the centipede’s circulatory system .
Beta-defensin 103 isoform X1, pig is an antimicrobial peptide found in different living organisms, involved in the first line of defense in their innate immune response against pathogens .
Beta-defensin 103 isoform X1, pig TFA is an antimicrobial peptide found in different living organisms, involved in the first line of defense in their innate immune response against pathogens .
Dc1a potently promotes opening of the German cockroach Nav channel (BgNav1). Dc1a is a toxin can be isolated from the desert bush spider Diguetia canities .
Dendrotoxin-I is a potent K + channels blocker and targets voltage-gated potassium channel subunits KV1.1 and KV1.2. Dendrotoxin-I is a neurotoxin isolated from thevenom of Dendroaspis snakes .
Dnp-PYAYWMR is a peptide substrate that selectively targets MMP3. Dnp-PYAYWMR is cleaved by MMP3 to produce Dnp-PYA (nonfluorescent) and YWMR (fluorophore detectable at 360 nm). After incubation of MMP3 with Dnp-PYAYWMR for 2 h, MMP3 fluorescence intensity was measured. Ex/Em=328/350 nm .
LLO (91-99) (Listeriolysin O (91-99)), an exotoxin, is a class I MHC-restricted T-cell epitopes of listeriolysin (LLO). LLO (91-99) is an essential antigen for induction of T-cell mediated immunity in vivo .
CEF27, Epstein-Barr Virus BRLF-1 lytic 148-156 corresponding to amino acids 148-156 of the BRLF1 protein. BRLF1 is a transcriptional activator that binds directly to a GC-rich motif present in some Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic gene promoters .
AaHI is a neurotoxin that can be obtained from the venom of the North African scorpion Androctonus australis hector. AaHI can be used as a tool for the development of active substances with toxin-neutralizing capabilities .
MLCK inhibitor peptide 18 is a myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibitor with an IC50 of 50 nM, and inhibits CaM kinase II only at 4000-fold higher concentrations.
SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA is a Staphylococcus hominis (S. hominis) C5 autoinducing peptide. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA inhibits S. aureus activity. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA has the potential for the research of S. aureus-mediated epithelial damage and inflammation .
SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) is a Staphylococcus hominis (S. hominis) C5 autoinducing peptide. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) inhibits S. aureus activity. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) has the potential for the research of S. aureus-mediated epithelial damage and inflammation .
Human PD-L1 inhibitor V, a human PD-1 protein binding peptide with a Kd value of 3.32 μM. Human PD-L1 inhibitor V inhibit the interaction of hPD-1/hPD-L1 .
Kisspeptin-10, rat TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and inhibitor of angiogenesis. Kisspeptin-10, rat TFA is a ligand for the rodent kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Kisspeptin-10 TFA reduces Methotrexate-induced reproductive toxicity as a potential antioxidant compound .
Kp7-6, a Fas mimetic peptide, is a Fas/FasL antagonist. Kp7-6 protects cells from Fas-mediated apoptosis, and protects mice from Fas-mediated hepatic injury .
Mecasermin (Human IGF-I; FK 780) is a recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Mecasermin has the potential for the study of the growth failure of growth hormone (GH) insensitivity caused by GH receptor defects or GH-inhibiting antibodies .
δ-Buthitoxin-Hj1a, a scorpion-venom peptide, is a potent NaV1.1 agonist with an EC50 of 17nM. δ-Buthitoxin-Hj1a can be used for the Dravet syndrome (DS) research .
Neurotensin, a gut tridecapeptide, acts as a potent cellular mitogen for various colorectal and pancreatic cancers which possess high-affinity neurotensin receptors (NTR).
(D)-PPA 1 is a hydrolysisresistant d-peptide antagonist. (D)-PPA 1 serves as a potent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. (D)-PPA 1 binds to PD-1 with the affinity 0f 0.51 μM with in vitro and in vivo efficacy .
(D)-PPA 1 TFA is a hydrolysisresistant d-peptide antagonist. (D)-PPA 1 TFA serves as a potent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. (D)-PPA 1 TFA binds to PD-1 with the affinity 0f 0.51 μM with in vitro and in vivo efficacy .
VnP-16 can promote bone formation by accelerating osteoblast differentiation and activity through direct interaction with β1 integrin followed by FAK activation .
BAM(8-22), a proteolytically cleaved product of proenkephalin A, is a potent activator of Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptors (Mrgprs), MrgprC11 and hMrgprX1, and induces scratching in mice in an Mrgpr-dependent manner .
KLTWQELYQLKYKGI (QK) is a VEGF mimicking peptide, binds to the VEGF receptors and competes with VEGF. KLTWQELYQLKYKGI is active in gastric ulcer healing in rodents when administered either orally or systemically. KLTWQELYQLKYKGI shows the ability to induce capillary formation and organization in vitro .
N-Acetyl [Leu28, Leu31] neuropeptide Y (24–36) is a selective agonist of neuropeptide Y Y2 receptor. N-Acetyl [Leu28, Leu31] neuropeptide Y (24–36) attenuates cardiac vagal action in anaesthetised rats .
CYN 154806, a cyclic octapeptide, is a potent and selective somatostatin sst2 receptor antagonist, with pIC50 values of 8.58, 5.41, 6.07, 5.76 and 6.48 for human recombinant sst2, sst1, sst3, sst4 and sst5 receptors respectively .
CYN 154806 TFA, a cyclic octapeptide, is a potent and selective somatostatin sst2 receptor antagonist, with pIC50 values of 8.58, 5.41, 6.07, 5.76 and 6.48 for human recombinant sst2, sst1, sst3, sst4 and sst5 receptors respectively .
Neuropeptide Y (22-36), a 15 amino acid peptide, is a fragment of Neuropeptide Y. Neuropeptide Y (22-36) acts on Y2 receptor and retains subnanomolar affinity for the Y2 receptor .
MOTS-c(human) acetate is a mitochondrial-derived peptide. MOTS-c(human) acetate induces the accumulation of AMP analog AICAR, increases activation of AMPK and expression of its downstream GLUT4. MOTS-c(human) acetate induces glucose uptake and improves insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c(human) acetate has implications in the regulation of obesity, diabetes, exercise, and longevity .
mSIRK (G-Protein βγ Binding Peptide) is an cell-permeable activator of ERK1/2, with EC50 of 2.5-5 μM. mSIRK disrupts the interaction between α and βγ subunits and promotes α subunit dissociation without stimulating nucleotide exchange .
AF12198 is a potent, selective and specific peptide antagonist for human type I interleukin-1 receptor (IL1-R1) (IC50=8 nM) but not the human type II receptor (IC50=6.7 µM) or the murine type I receptor (IC50>200 µM). AF12198 inhibits IL-1-induced IL-8 production (IC50=25 nM) and IL-1-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression (IC50=9 nM) in vitro. AF12198 has anti-inflammatory activities and blocks responses to IL-1 in vivo .
IGF-I (24-41) (Insulin-like Growth Factor I (24-41)) is amino acids 24 to 41 fragment of IGF-I. IGF-I, a 70 aa polypeptide hormone, is a trophic factor for both neurons and glial cells. IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic growth hormone (GH) activities. IGF-I has anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions. IGF-I (24-41) regulates somatic growth and behavioral development .
IGF-I (24-41) (Insulin-like Growth Factor I (24-41)) TFA is amino acids 24 to 41 fragment of IGF-I. IGF-I TFA, a 70 aa polypeptide hormone, is a trophic factor for both neurons and glial cells. IGF-I TFA is partly responsible for systemic growth hormone (GH) activities. IGF-I TFA has anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions. IGF-I (24-41) TFA regulates somatic growth and behavioral development .
Lyn peptide inhibitor is a potent and cell-permeable inhibitor of Lyn-coupled IL-5 receptor signaling pathway, while keeping other signals intact. Lyn peptide inhibitor blocks Lyn activation and inhibits the binding of Lyn tyrosine kinase to βc subunit of IL-3/GM-CSF/IL-5 receptors. Lyn peptide inhibitor can be used for study of asthma, allergic, and other eosinophilic disorders .
Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA is a potent and cell-permeable inhibitor of Lyn-coupled IL-5 receptor signaling pathway, while keeping other signals intact. Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA blocks Lyn activation and inhibits the binding of Lyn tyrosine kinase to βc subunit of IL-3/GM-CSF/IL-5 receptors. Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA can be used for study of asthma, allergic, and other eosinophilic disorders .
Edratide (TV 4710) is a synthetic peptide of 19 amino acid based on the complementarity-determining region 1 (CDR1) of a human anti-DNA antibody that expresses a major idiotype denoted 16/6 Id. Edratide reduces the rates of apoptosis (Apoptosis) and down-regulates of caspase-8 and caspase-3, up-regulates Bcl-xL. Edratide has the potential for the research of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .
Polyphemusin II-Derived Peptide (T140), a CXCR4 inhibitor, shows high inhibitory activity against HIV-1 entry and the inhibitory effect on the binding of an anti-CXCR4 monoclonal antibody (12G5) to CXCR4 .
LCMV GP (61-80) is a peptide fragment derived from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) glycoprotein (GP), and corresponds to amino acids 61-80. LCMV GP (61-80) is a specific epitope which can induce CD4 + T-cell response .
BH3 hydrochloride, a BBB penetrated peptide, provoke apoptosis either by direct activation of pro-apoptotic Bax/Bak or by neutralizing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1 and A-1) via their BH3 domian .
CTCE-9908 TFA is a potent and selective CXCR4 antagonist. CTCE-9908 TFA induces mitotic catastrophe, cytotoxicity and inhibits migration in CXCR4-expressing ovarian cancer cells .
CTCE-9908 is a potent and selective CXCR4 antagonist. CTCE-9908 induces mitotic catastrophe, cytotoxicity and inhibits migration in CXCR4-expressing ovarian cancer cells .
ANG1005 (Paclitaxel trevatide) is a brain-penetrating peptide-drug conjugate. ANG1005, a taxane derivative, consists of three paclitaxel (HY-B0015) molecules covalently linked to Angiopep-2, designed to cross the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal barriers and to penetrate malignant cells via low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1) transport system .
Bevonescein (ALM-488) is a novel, intravenously-administrated fluorescein-conjugated peptide that binds nerve-associated connective tissue, labels peripheral nerves under real-time fluorescence imaging (FL) in living mice and human ex vivo nerve tissue. Bevonescein is a peptide-linked tracer which fluorescently labeled both intact and degenerated nerves .
Tachyplesin I is a β-hairpin antimicrobial peptide that contains 17 amino acid residues. Tachyplesin I exhibits cytotoxic properties against various human tumor cell lines acting primarily by impairing the integrity of the outer cell membrane .
PP13 is an antimicrobial peptide, and is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria E.coli (MIC: 16.7 uM), B. subtilis (MIC: 13.3 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 23.3 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 8.0 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 9.0 uM) .
(Des-Glu5)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, rat) is an analogue of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; HY-106373). ACTH is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland, regulating cortisol and androgen production .
(Des-His6)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, rat) is an analogue of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; HY-106373). ACTH is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland, regulating cortisol and androgen production .
Polyphemusin I is a natural antimicrobial peptide with excellent antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Polyphemusin I contains 18 amino acids and is stabilized into an amphiphilic, antiparallel β-hairpin by two disulfide bridges .
PACAP-38 (16-38), human, mouse, rat demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production . PACAP is a potent activator of cAMP formation .
Acetyl-ACTH (2-24) (human, bovine, rat) is a fragment of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide. POMC peptides such as adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), which is the precursor of α-MSH, is also an agonist at the MC-1 receptor .
TAT-CIRP is a a small peptide, refers to Trans-trans-activating (Tat)-cold-inducible RNA binding protein. TAT-CIRP is an inhibitor of myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2). TAT-CIRP exhibits robust neuroprotection against ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in mice .
AC 187 is a potent and orally active amylin receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 0.48 nM and a Ki of 0.275 nM. AC 187 shows more selective for amylin receptor than calcitonin and CGRP receptors. AC 187 has neuroprotective effects .
AC 187 TFA is a potent and orally active amylin receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 0.48 nM and a Ki of 0.275 nM. AC 187 TFA shows more selective for amylin receptor than calcitonin and CGRP receptors. AC 187 TFA has neuroprotective effects .
β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) is an opioid antagonist that binds μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors with Kis of 5.31, 6.17, and 39.82 nM, respectively. β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) inhibits β-Endorphin (HY-P1502)-induced and etorphine-induced analgesia .
cPcAMP1/26 is an antimicrobial peptide. cPcAMP1/26 effectively kills A.hydrophila and S. aureus. cPcAMP1/26 induces depolarization of the bacterial plasma membrane, and increases intracellular ROS levels .
Cathepsin G acts as a potent agonist of human platelet activation leading to their aggregation., and can be used for screening of relevant inhibitors .
[Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide is a potent and peptide antagonist of the glucagon receptor, with a pA2 of 7.2. [Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide is potentially useful in the study of the pathogenesis of diabetes .
[Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide TFA is a potent and peptide antagonist of the glucagon receptor, with a pA2 of 7.2. [Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide TFA is potentially useful in the study of the pathogenesis of diabetes .
Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human) is a potent, selective and reversible calpain inhibitor with Ki values of 0.2 nM and 6 μM for µ-calpain and cathepsin L, respectively .
Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human) TFA is a potent, selective and reversible calpain inhibitor with Ki values of 0.2 nM and 6 μM for µ-calpain and cathepsin L, respectively .
Leumorphin, human is a potent kappa opioid receptor (κ opioid receptor) agonist. Leumorphin, human inhibits the contraction of the myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle preparation of the guinea pig ileum .
Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human), Negative Control is a control scramble peptide of Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human) (HY-P1081). Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human) is a potent, selective and reversible calpain inhibitor .
β-Endorphin, human, a prominent endogenous peptide, existing in the hypophysis cerebri and hypothalamus, is an agonist of opioid receptor, with preferred affinity for μ-opioid receptor and δ-opioid receptor; β-Endorphin, human exhibits antinociception activity.
GIP (1-30) amide,human is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) fragment. GIP is an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion and reduces postprandial glycaemic excursions. GIP (1-30) amide,human dose-dependently promotes insulin secretion over the range 10 -9-10 -6 M .
GIP (1-30) amide,human acetate is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) fragment. GIP is an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion and reduces postprandial glycaemic excursions. GIP (1-30) amide,human acetate dose-dependently promotes insulin secretion over the range 10 -9-10 -6 M .
GIP (1-30) amide, porcine is a full glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist with high affinity equal to native GIP(1-42) . GIP (1-30) amide, porcine is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and potent stimulator of insulin.
GIP (1-30) amide, porcine TFA is a full glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist with high affinity equal to native GIP(1-42) . GIP (1-30) amide, porcine is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and potent stimulator of insulin.
(Met(O)27)-Glucagon (1-29) (human, rat, porcine) is a modified glucagon. (Met(O)27)-Glucagon (1-29) (human, rat, porcine) has the same maximum glucose-synthesizing activity in rat hepatocytes as native glucagon, but it is less potent, suggesting a crucial role of methionine in the binding of glucagon to its hepatic receptor .
TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) localized mainly at the mitochondria, prevents apoptotic cell death. TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) is a fusion peptide that combines the N-terminal cysteine conjugated protein transduction domain of HIV TAT protein (amino acids 49 to 57) with the Bcl-xL BH4 peptide. TAT-BH4 can be used for research of diseases caused by accelerated apoptosis .
TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) TFA is localized mainly at the mitochondria, prevents apoptotic cell death. TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) is a fusion peptide that combines the N-terminal cysteine conjugated protein transduction domain of HIV TAT protein (amino acids 49 to 57) with the Bcl-xL BH4 peptide. TAT-BH4 TFA can be used for research of diseases caused by accelerated apoptosis .
GIP (1-30)-Myr is the Myr-modified GIP (1-30), which is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) fragment. GIP is an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion and reduces postprandial glycaemic excursions. GIP (1-30) dose-dependently promotes insulin secretion over the range 10 -9-10 -6 M .
Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human, an NH2 terminal truncated adrenomedullin analogue, is an adrenomedullin receptor antagonist, and also antagonizes the calcitonin generelated peptide (CGRP) receptor in the hindlimb vascular bed of the cat .
Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human (22-52-Adrenomedullin human) TFA, an NH2 terminal truncated adrenomedullin analogue, is an adrenomedullin receptor antagonist. Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human also antagonizes the calcitonin generelated peptide (CGRP) receptor in the hindlimb vascular bed of the cat .
Peptide A5K (INF7-A5K-TAT) is an RNP delivery peptide that delivers CRISPR RNPs to T cells. Peptide A5K effectively edits T cells without substantial impact on T cell viability .
αA-Conotoxin PIVA is a selective mouse musclenAChR inhibitor with IC50 for adult and fetal mouse musclenAChR sub> values are 2.3 nM and 22 nM respectively. αA-Conotoxin PIVA can be used in the study of neurological diseases.
TAT-NSF700scr consists the intact TAT domain and glycine linker, followed by the NSF amino acids in a random order. TAT-NSF700scr is used as a control peptide that does not inhibit SNAREmediated exocytosis .
Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) acetate is a potent vasoconstrictor and hypertensive agent. Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) acetate is derived from the selective hydrolysis of big ET-1 by chymase .
Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and hypertensive agent. Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) TFA is derived from the selective hydrolysis of big ET-1 by chymase .
Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) is a potent vasoconstrictor and hypertensive agent. Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) is derived from the selective hydrolysis of big ET-1 by chymase .
αC-Conotoxin PrXA is a paralytic peptide neurotoxin and a competitive nAChR antagonist, with IC50s of 1.8 nM (α1β1εδ, adult) and 3.0 nM (α1β1γδ, fetal), respectively. αC-Conotoxin PrXA competes with α-bungarotoxin at the α/δ and α/γ subunit interfaces of the nAChR, shows high specificity against neuromuscular nAChR .
Human α-defensin 5 is an antiviral peptide. Human α-defensin 5 blocks infection of non-enveloped viruses, including AdV, HPV, and polyomaviruses (IC50: 0.6-1.25 μM for HPV16). Human α-defensin 5 can bind to the viral capsid and blocks escape of the virus from the endosome. Human α-defensin 5 increases HIV binding to the cell surface. Human α-defensin 5 also has parasiticidal activity .
TAT-GluN2BCTM is a membrane-permeable DAPK1-targeting peptide. TAT-GluN2BCTM targets active DAPK1 to lysosomes for degradation. TAT-GluN2BCTM protects neurons from oxidative stress and NMDAR-mediated excitotoxicity by knocking down DAPK1. TAT-GluN2BCTM can be used in the study of neuroprotection .
Bad BH3 (mouse) is a biological active peptide. (This is a bcl-2 binding peptide. This peptide is derived from the BH3 domain (a death domain) of Bad, amino acid residues 140 to 165.)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Adrenocorticotropic hormone regulates cortisol and androgen production .
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) TFA is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Adrenocorticotropic hormone regulates cortisol and androgen production .
PAP 248–286 is a biological active peptide. (Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (248-286), PAP (248-286) peptide is a semen-derived enhancer of viral infection (SEVI) factor found in semen. This peptide greatly increases HIV infection through enhanced virion attachment to target cells.)
Heteropodatoxin-1 (HpTx1), a spider peptide toxin, is a Kv4.2 current inhibitor. Heteropodatoxin-1 also inhibits Nav1.7 and activates Nav1.9 but does not affect Nav1.8 .
Ceratotoxin-1 (CcoTx1), a peptide toxin, is an voltage-gated sodium channel subtypes inhibitor. Ceratotoxin-1 inhibits Nav1.1/β1, Nav1.2/β1, Nav1.4/β1, and Nav1.5/β1 with IC50 of 523 nM, 3 nM, 888 nM, and 323 nM, respectively. Ceratotoxin-1 also inhibits Nav1.8/β1 .
δ-Theraphotoxin-Hm1a toxin is a selective Nav1.1 activator. δ-Theraphotoxin-Hm1a toxin elicits pain and touch sensitivity. δ-Theraphotoxin-Hm1a toxin can be used for the research of irritable bowel syndrome .
Hemitoxin, a scorpion-venom peptide, is a K + channel blocker. Hemitoxin blocks rat Kv1.1, Kv1.2 and Kv1.3 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes with IC50 values of 13 nM, 16 nM and 2 nM, respectively .
FZD7 antagonist 1 (peptide 34) is a dFz7-21 analogue. FZD7 antagonist 1 is an FZD7 antagonist that inhibits the wnt3a with IC50 value of 9.2 nM. FZD7 antagonist 1 blocks TcdB−FZD interaction via targeting FZD receptors .
GIP, human, a peptide hormone consisting of 42 amino acids, is a stimulator of glucose-dependent insulin secretion and a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. GIP, human acts as an incretin hormone released from intestinal K cells in response to nutrient ingestion .
GIP, human TFA, a peptide hormone consisting of 42 amino acids, is a stimulator of glucose-dependent insulin secretion and a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. GIP, human TFA acts as an incretin hormone released from intestinal K cells in response to nutrient ingestion .
Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) is a fatty acid derivatized analog of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide with improved antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic properties. Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) can be used for research of diabetes, insulin resistance and obesity .
(Pro3) GIP, human ((Pro3) Gastric Inhibitory Peptide, human) is an efficacious, stable and specific human GIP receptor (hGIPR) full agonist. (Pro3) GIP, human has high binding affinity for human GIPR with Ki/ Kd values of 0.90 nM. (Pro3) GIP, human can be used for the research of obesity-related diabetes .
Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) TFA is a fatty acid derivatized analog of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide with improved antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic properties. Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) TFA can be used for research of diabetes, insulin resistance and obesity .
Hm1a is a disulfide-rich spider-venom peptide, and a NaV1.1 activator. Hm1a restores the function of inhibitory interneurons in Dravet syndrome (DS) mouse model .
KTX-Sp2 is a potassium channel toxin. KTX-Sp2 effectively blocks three types of exogenous voltage-gated potassium channels: Kv1.1, Kv1.2 and Kv1.3. Ktx-Sp2 inhibits endogenous Kv1.3 and suppresses Ca 2+ signaling in Jurkat T cells. Ktx-Sp2 inhibits IL-2 secretion from activated Jurkat T cells .
[Pro3]-GIP (Mouse) is a GIP receptor antagonist (IC50: 2.6 μM). [Pro3]-GIP (Mouse) improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in ob/ob mice. [Pro3]-GIP (Mouse) can be used for research of type 2 diabetes .
[D-Ala2]-GIP (human) is a GIP receptor agonist. [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) improves glucose tolerance. [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) shows neuroprotective activity in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease model. [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) also improves cognitive function and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in obese diabetic rats. [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) can be used for research of type 2 diabetes, Parkinson's disease, etc
Jingzhaotoxin-V is a peptide that inhibits potassium currents in Xenopus laevis oocytes with an IC50 value of 604.2 nM. Jingzhaotoxin-V also inhibits tetrodotoxin-resistant and tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons with IC50 values of 27.6 and 30.2 nM, respectively .
(Pro3) GIP, human TFA is an efficacious, stable and specific human GIP receptor (hGIPR) full agonist. (Pro3) GIP, human TFA has high binding affinity for human GIPR with Ki/ Kd value of 0.90 nM. (Pro3) GIP, human TFA human can be used for the research of obesity-related diabetes .
Human growth hormone-releasing factor (Growth Hormone Releasing Factor human) is a hypothalamic polypeptide and stimulates GH production and release by binding to the GHRH Receptor (GHRHR) on cells in the anterior pituitary .
Adrenomedullin (11-50), rat is the C-terminal fragment (11-50) of rat adrenomedullin. Rat adrenomedullin induces a selective arterial vasodilation via CGRP1 receptors .
Big Endothelin-1 (1-39), porcine is the precursor of endothelin-1. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasopressor peptide. Big Endothelin-1 (1-39), porcine has similar pressor effects in vivo .
Human growth hormone-releasing factor TFA (Growth Hormone Releasing Factor human TFA) is a hypothalamic polypeptide and stimulates GH production and release by binding to the GHRH Receptor (GHRHR) on cells in the anterior pituitary .
Maurotoxin is a 34-residue and four disulde-bridged toxin that can be isolated from the chactoid scorpion (Scorpio maurus). Maurotoxin inhibits the Shakerpotassium channels (ShB) K + current with an IC50 of 2 nM .
Spinoxin isolated from the venom of scorpion Heterometrus spinifer, is a 34-residue peptide neurotoxin cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. Spinoxin is a potent inhibitor of Kv1.3 potassium channel (IC50 = 63 nM), considering to be valid molecular targets in the diagnostics and therapy of various autoimmune disorders and cancers .
Noxiustoxin is a toxin from the venom of the Mexican scorpion Centruroides noxius which block voltage-dependent potassium channel (Kv1.3, IC50 = 360 nM), and calcium-activated potassium channel. Noxiustoxin plays an important role in neuroinflammatory disease .
Aeschna defensing is an antimicrobial peptide derived from hemolymph of dragonfly aquatic larvae. Aeschna defensing has strong activity against gram-positive bacteria .
S961 is an high-affinity and selective insulin receptor (IR) antagonist with IC50s of 0.048, 0.027, and 630 nM for HIR-A, HIR-B, and human insulin-like growth factor I receptor (HIGF-IR) in SPA-assay, respectively .
Tirzepatide (LY3298176) is a glucose-dependent insulin nutritive polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor dual agonist. Tirzepatide has neuroprotective effects and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, diabetes-related neuropathy and obesity .
Tirzepatide hydrochloride (LY3298176 hydrochloride) is a glucose-dependent insulin nutritive polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor dual agonist. Tirzepatide hydrochloride has neuroprotective effects and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, diabetes-related neuropathy and obesity .
S961 TFA is an high-affinity and selective insulin receptor (IR) antagonist with IC50s of 0.048, 0.027, and 630 nM for HIR-A, HIR-B, and human insulin-like growth factor I receptor (HIGF-IR) in SPA-assay, respectively .
SNX-482, a peptidyl toxin of the spider Hysterocrates gigas, is a potent, high affinity, selective and voltage-dependent R-type CaV2.3 channel blocker with an IC50 of 30 nM. SNX-482 has antinociceptive effect .
S961 acetate is an high-affinity and selective insulin receptor (IR) antagonist with IC50s of 0.048, 0.027, and 630 nM for HIR-A, HIR-B, and human insulin-like growth factor I receptor (HIGF-IR) in SPA-assay, respectively .
Tirzepatide TFA (LY3298176 hydrochloride) is a glucose-dependent insulin nutritive polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor dual agonist. Tirzepatide TFA has neuroprotective effects and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, diabetes-related neuropathy and obesity .
Purotoxin 1 is a P2X3 receptor inhibitor. Purotoxin 1 shows antinociceptive properties in animal models of inflammatory pain. Purotoxin 1 can be isolated from the venom of the wolf spider Geolycosa sp .
Vm24-toxin is a toxin peptide that can be isolated from the Mexican scorpion Vaejovis mexicanus smithy. Vm24-toxin is an inhibitor of Kv1.3 potassium channel .
Human β-defensin-3 (HβD-3) is an antibiotic anti-microbial peptide produced by epithelial cells with antimicrobial activities and reduces the effect of inflammatory cytokine responses. Human β-defensin-3 is against different microbes with IC90 values of 6-25 μg/ml .
Obtustatin is a non-RGD disintegrin of 41 residues. Obtustatin can be isolated from Vipera lebetina obtusa venom. Obtustatin is a potent and selective inhibitor of the adhesion of integrin α1β1 to collagen IV. Obtustatin inhibits angiogenesis, and can be used for research of cancer .
Obtustatin triacetate is a 41-residue non-RGD disintegrin. Obtustatin triacetate can be isolated from the venom of Vipera lebetina obtusa. Obtustatin triacetate is a potent and selective inhibitor of integrin α1β1 adhesion to type IV collagen. Obtustatin triacetate inhibits angiogenesis and may be used in cancer research .
CART(55-102)(rat) TFA is a rat satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(rat) TFA is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y. CART(55-102)(rat) TFA can induces anxiety and stress-related behavior .
CART(55-102)(human) TFA is a human satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(human) TFA is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y .
CART(55-102)(human) is an endogenous satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(human) is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y .
CART(55-102)(rat) is a rat satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(rat) is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y. CART(55-102)(rat) can induces anxiety and stress-related behavior .
Mambalgin-1 is a toxin isolated from black mamba venom. Mambalgin-1 is a disulfide-rich polypeptide consisting of 57 amino acids and belongs to the family of three-finger toxins. Mambalgin-1 can bind to and stabilize ASICs (acid-sensing ion channels) in a physiologically relevant closed-channel conformation .
Agouti-related Protein (AGRP) (83-132) Amide (human) is a fragment of agouti-related protein (AGRP) which is a protein found in abundance in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. AgRP primarily acts as an inverse agonist for the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) to increase food intake .
Galanin-Like Peptide (human) is a 60 amino acid neuropeptide. Galanin-Like Peptide (human) plays an important role in the regulation of feeding, body weight and energy metabolism .
Galanin-Like Peptide (porcine) is a 60 amino acid neuropeptide that was first isolated from the porcine hypothalamus. Galanin-Like Peptide (porcine) has a high affinity for the GALR2 receptor (IC50 of 0.24 nM) and a lower affinity for the GALR1 receptor (IC50 of 4.3 nM) .
Galanin-Like Peptide (rat) is a 60 amino acid neuropeptide. Galanin-Like Peptide (rat) plays an important role in the regulation of feeding, body weight and energy metabolism .
Agouti-related Protein (AGRP) (83-132) Amide (human) TFA is a fragment of agouti-related protein (AGRP) which is a protein found in abundance in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. AgRP primarily acts as an inverse agonist for the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) to increase food intake .
Calcicludine is a protein toxin from the venom of the green mamba Dendroaspis angusticeps that inhibits high-voltage-activated calcium channel, especially L-type calcium channel with the IC50 of 88 nM. Calcicludine has role in excitatory synaptic transmission .
SDF-1α (human) is a mononuclear cells chemoattractant that can bind to CXCR4. SDF-1α plays a central role in stem cell homing, retention, survival, proliferation, cardiomyocyte repair, angiogenesis and ventricular remodelling following myocardial infarction. SDF-1α (human) can be used in cardiovascular disease research .
α-Bungarotoxin is a competitive antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). α-Bungarotoxin, a selective α7 receptor blocker, blocks α7 currents with an IC50 of 1.6 nM and has no effects on α3β4 currents at concentrations up to 3 μM .
FITC-α-Bungarotoxin is the FITC labelled α-Bungarotoxin (HY-P1264). α-Bungarotoxin is a competitive antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) .
Biotin-α-Bungarotoxin is the Biotin labelled α-Bungarotoxin (HY-P1264). α-Bungarotoxin is a competitive antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) .
C5a Anaphylatoxin (human) is a pro-inflammatory peptide and a leukocyte chemoattractant. C5a Anaphylatoxin (human) can be used to study inflammation and immunity, such as allergic asthma .
PINT-87aa, an 87-amino acid (aa) peptide, is encoded by the circular form of the long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA p53-induced transcript (LINC-PINT). PINT-87aa directly interacts with polymerase associated factor complex (PAF1c) and inhibits the transcriptional elongation of multiple oncogenes. PINT-87aa suppresses glioblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo .
PINT-87aa TFA, an 87-amino acid (aa) peptide, is encoded by the circular form of the long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA p53-induced transcript (LINC-PINT). PINT-87aa TFA directly interacts with polymerase associated factor complex (PAF1c) and inhibits the transcriptional elongation of multiple oncogenes. PINT-87aa TFA suppresses glioblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo .
Angiotensin II (1-4), human is an endogenous peptide produced from AT I by angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II binds the AT II type 1 (AT1) receptor, stimulating GPCRs in vascular smooth muscle cells and increasing intracellular Ca 2+ levels. Angiotensin II also acts at the Na +/H + exchanger in the proximal tubules of the kidney .
Angiotensin II (1-4), human (TFA) is an endogenous peptide produced from AT I by angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II binds the AT II type 1 (AT1) receptor, stimulating GPCRs in vascular smooth muscle cells and increasing intracellular Ca 2+ levels. Angiotensin II also acts at the Na +/H + exchanger in the proximal tubules of the kidney .
[Leu5]-Enkephalin is a pentapeptide with morphine like properties. [Leu5]-Enkephalin is a five amino acid endogenous peptide that acts as an agonist at opioid receptors.
Endomorphin 2, a high affinity, highly selective agonist of the μ-opioid receptor, displays reasonable affinities for kappa3 binding sites, with Ki value between 20 and 30 nM.
Endomorphin 1, a high affinity, highly selective agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (Ki: 1.11 nM), displays reasonable affinities for kappa3 binding sites, with Ki value between 20 and 30 nM. Endomorphin 1 has antinociceptive properties .
Gluten exorphin C is an opioid peptide derived from wheat gluten. Its IC50 values are 40 μM and 13.5 μM for μ opioid and δ opioid activities in the GPI and MVD assays, respectively.
Gluten Exorphin B5 is an exogenous opioid peptides derived from wheat gluten, acts on opioid receptor, increases postprandial plasma insulin level in rats .
Thymopentin acetate is a biologically active peptide secreted mainly by the epithelial cells of thymic cortex and medulla. Thymopentin acetate is an effective immunomodulatory agent with a short plasma half-life of 30 seconds. Thymopentin acetate enhances the generation of T-cell lineage derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) .
Angiotensin I/II 1-5 TFA is a peptide that contains the amino acids 1-5, which is converted from Angiotensin I/II. Angiotensin I is formed by the action of renin on angiotensinogen. Angiotensin II is produced from angiotensin I. Angiotensin II has been investigated for the treatment, basic science, and diagnostic of Hypertension, Renin Angiotensin System, and Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy .
Angiotensin I/II (1-6) TFA contains the amino acids 1-6 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II peptide. The precursor angiotensinogen is cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I. Angiotensin I ishydrolyzed by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to form the biologically active angiotensin II. Angiotensin II has been investigated for the treatment, basic science, and diagnostic of Hypertension, Renin Angiotensin System, and Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy .
Bilaid C, a tetrapeptide, can be isolated from the Australian estuarine isolate of Penicillium sp. MST-MF667. Bilaid C is also a potent and selective μ-Opioid Receptor (MOPr) agonist (Ki=210 nM, hMOPr) .
PHF6 (VQIVYK) is a self-assembly sequence capable of initiating the full-length tau protein aggregation and is mapped to the third microtubule-binding repeat region of the tau protein .
DALDA acetate is a potent and highly selective μ-opioid receptor agonist with a Ki of 1.69 nM. DALDA acetate shows antinociceptive and respiratory effects .
Ac-YVAD-pNA is a specific Caspase-1 substrate. Ac-YVAD-pNA can be used to detect Caspase-1 activity. Caspase-1 is a key mediator of inflammatory processes .
KLK7/ELA2-IN-1 is a potent kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7) and epidermal elastase 2 (ELA2) inhibitor with IC50s of 6 nM and 55 nM, respectively (WO2009024527A1, Example 4) .
hNTS1R agonist-1 (Compound 10) is a BBB permeable hNTS1R full agonist (Ki: 6.9 nM) . hNTS1R agonist-1 increases motor function and memory in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). hNTS1R agonist-1 is a Neurotensin(8-13) analog and is a neuroprotective agent .
Ac-YEVD-AMC is a fluorescent substrate of caspase-1/11. Ac-YEVD-AMC releases amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) for fluorescence detection when treating with cell lysate .
Hemorphin-7 is a hemorphin peptide, an endogenous opioid peptide derived from the β-chain of hemoglobin. Hemorphin peptides exhibits antinociceptive and antihypertensive activities, activating opioid receptors and inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).
Angiotensin III, human, mouse is a heptapeptide, acts as an endogenous angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) agonist, with IC50s of 0.648 nM and 21.1 nM for AT2R and AT1R, respectively.
Valorphin is an endogenous hemoglobin β-chain (33-39) fragment with opioid analgesic activity, binds to rat mu-opioid receptor, with an IC50 of 14 nM; Valorphin also shows anti-tumor activity.
PAR-4 Agonist Peptide, amide TFA (PAR-4-AP TFA; AY-NH2 TFA) is a proteinase-activated receptor-4 (PAR-4) agonist, which has no effect on either PAR-1 or PAR-2 and whose effects are blocked by a PAR-4 antagonist .
WKYMVM (TFA) is a potent N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR1) and FPRL1/2 agonist, also activates several leukocyte effector functions such as chemotaxis, mobilization of complement receptor-3, and activation of the NADPH oxidase .
Frakefamide is a potent analgesic that acts as a peripheral active μ-selective receptor agonist. Frakefamide is unable to penetrate the blood-brain-barrier and enter the central nervous system .
Frakefamide TFA is a potent analgesic that acts as a peripheral active μ-selective receptor agonist. Frakefamide is unable to penetrate the blood-brain-barrier and enter the central nervous system .
Spinorphin is an inhibitor of enkephalin-degrading enzymes. Spinorphin inhibits aminopeptidase, dipeptidyl aminopeptidase III, angiotensin-converting enzyme and enkephalinase. Spinorphin possesses an antinociceptive effect .
Alamandine, a member of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a vasoactive peptide, is an endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor MrgD. Alamandine targets to protect the kidney and heart through anti-hypertensive actions .
Angiotensin 1-7 (Ang-(1-7)) acetate is an endogenous heptapeptide from the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with a cardioprotective role due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities in cardiac cells. Angiotensin 1-7 acetate inhibits purified canine ACE activity (IC50=0.65 μM). Angiotensin 1-7 acetate acts as a local synergistic modulator of kinin-induced vasodilation by inhibiting ACE and releasing nitric oxide. Angiotensin 1-7 acetate blocks Ang II-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation and hypertrophy and shows antiangiogenic and growth-inhibitory effects on the endothelium .
Aclerastide (DSC-127) is an angiotensin receptor agonist. Aclerastide also is a peptide analog of angiotensin II. Aclerastide can be used for the research of tissue regeneration in diabetic ulcers .
DSLET ([D-Ser2, Leu5, Thr6]-enkephalin) is a highly specific agonist of the δ-receptor. DSLET is an enkephalin-related peptide selectively bound to the δ opioid receptor .
YFLLRNP is a biological active peptide. (a partial agonist of PAR-1. YFLLRNP selectively active G12/13 signaling pathway without activating Gq or Gi pathways at low concentrations. YFLLRNP (60 μM))
Biphalin TFA, a BBB-penetrable opioid peptide analog, contains two active enkephalin pharmacophores. Biphalin TFA has high affinity for opioid receptors. Biphalin TFA shows analgesic effect in acute, neuropathic, and chronic animal pain models. Biphalin TFA is also an antiviral, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective agent .
IPL344 protects cells of various types from pro-apoptotic pressures and activates the Akt signaling system. IPL344 can be used for research of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) .
Angiotensin II (Angiotensin II) is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway .
Peptide T is an octapeptide from the V2 region of HIV-1 gp120. Peptide T is a ligand for the CD4 receptor and prevents binding of HIV to the CD4 receptor.
RNAIII-inhibiting peptide(TFA) is a potent inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus, effective in the diseases such as cellulitis, keratitis, septic arthritis, osteomylitis and mastitis.
[Sar1, Ile8]-Angiotensin II is a peptide that has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contraction of normal arteries and hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cultured cells or diseased vessels.
Peptide T (TFA) is an octapeptide from the V2 region of HIV-1 gp120. Peptide T is a ligand for the CD4 receptor and prevents binding of HIV to the CD4 receptor.
[Sar1, Ile8]-Angiotensin II (TFA) is a peptide that has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contraction of normal arteries and hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cultured cells or diseased vessels.
WKYMVM is a potent N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR1) and FPRL1/2 agonist, also activates several leukocyte effector functions such as chemotaxis, mobilization of complement receptor-3, and activation of the NADPH oxidase .
TRV120027 TFA, a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), engages ß-arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling . TRV120027 TFA induces acute catecholamine secretion through cation channel subfamily C3 (TRPC3) coupling, promotes the formation of a macromolecular complex composed of AT1R–β-arrestin-1–TRPC3–PLCγ at the plasma membrane. TRV120027 TFA inhibits angiotensin II–mediated vasoconstriction and increases cardiomyocyte contractility. TRV120027 TFA has the potential for the acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) treatment .
Saralasin ([Sar1,Ala8] Angiotensin II) TFA is an octapeptide analog of angiotensin II. Saralasin TFA is a competitive angiotensin II receptor antagonist with a Ki value of 0.32 nM for 74% of the binding sites, and has partial agonist activity as well. Saralasin TFA can be used for the research of renovascular hypertension, renin-dependent (angiotensinogenic) hypertension .
Angiotensin II human (Angiotensin II) acetate is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human acetate plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human acetate stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human acetate induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human acetate also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II human acetate induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway .
Dynorphin A (1-8) is the predominant opioid peptide identified in placental tissue extracts. Dynorphin A (1-8) is the most likely natural ligand of the kappa receptor. The binding of 3H-Bremazocine to the purified kappa receptor is inhibited by Dynorphin A (1-8) (IC50=303 nM) .
(D-Leu6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH (4-9) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
VPLSLYSG is an octapeptide that can be degraded by matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), MMP-1 and MMP-2. VPLSLYSG has potential applications in MMP substrates .
PKCε (85-92) is a biological active peptide. (This peptide is the e-PKC specific activator, it also activates MARCKS phosphorylation in wild type cells, and has no effect on MARCKS phosphorylation in the cells derived from knockout mice.)
?PKC(85–92),Myristoylated is a cell permeable myristic acid conjugated PKC? peptide activator that enhances NO release in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) .
Angiotensin II antipeptide, a peptide, is an inverse agonist of AR1 receptor. Angiotensin II antipeptide is encoded by mRNA, complementary to that encoding Angiotensin II (HY-13948) itself .
GP(33-41), a 9-aa-long peptide, is the optimal sequence of the GP1 epitope of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and can upregulate H-2D b molecules at the RMA-S (Db Kb) cell surface with a SC50 of 344 nM .
LCMV gp33-41, the carboxyl-extended 11-aa-long peptide, is an lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus sequence restricted by MHC class I H-2Db molecules and presented to cytotoxic T lymphocytes .
PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat is a PAC1 receptor activator and increases the α-secretase activity. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat elevates cytosolic Ca 2+, increases proliferation and increases phosphorylation of extracellular regulates kinase (ERK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat can be used for neurotrophic and neuroprotective research .
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) E7 protein (49-57) is the H-2 d-restricted human papillomavirus (HPV) E749-57 epitope (short peptide spanning the 49th to 57th amino acid residues in the E7 protein) .
LCMV gp33-41 (TFA), the carboxyl-extended 11-aa-long peptide, is an lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus sequence restricted by MHC class I H-2Db molecules and presented to cytotoxic T lymphocytes .
PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA is a PAC1 receptor activator and increases the α-secretase activity. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA elevates cytosolic Ca 2+, increases proliferation and increases phosphorylation of extracellular regulates kinase (ERK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA can be used for neurotrophic and neuroprotective research .
Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) (200-208) is a marker gene product derived from the jellyfish Aequorea Victoria. Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) (200-208) is a common reporter protein and is easy to detect .
(D-Leu6)-LHRH (1-8) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
PDC31 (THG113.31; ILGHXDYK) is an allosteric and non-competitive inhibitor of FP Prostaglandin Receptor. PDC31 is the D-amino acid-based oligopeptide, is used for smooth muscle contractile agent. PDC31 decreases the strength and duration of uterine contractions in vivo, which can be used for research of preterm labor and primary dysmenorrhea (PD). PDC31 also enhances Ca 2+-dependent large-conductance K +-channel in human myometrial cells .
Deltorphin (Deltorphin A; Dermenkephalin) is a biological active peptide. (Deltorphin A peptide was isolated from skin extracts of the South American frog, Phyllomedusa sauvagei. Deltorphin A is a potent and selective agonist for the delta-opioid receptor.)
PKCα (C2-4) inhibitor peptide is a PKCα‐specific inhibitor peptide that blocks the inhibition of IKr by the α1A‐adrenoreceptor agonist A-61603 (HY-101366) .
Dynorphin B (1-9) is a neuropeptide and N-terminal cleavage product of dynorphin B. The formation of dynorphin B (1-9) is blocked by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), a non-selective inhibitor of cysteine peptidases .
Small Cardioactive Peptide B (SCPB), a neurally active peptide, stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in particulate fractions of both heart and gill tissues with EC50s of 0.1 and 1.0 μM, respectively.
Dynorphin A (1-10) an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds to extracellular loop 2 of the κ-opioid receptor. Dynorphin A (1-10) also blocks NMDA-activated current with an IC50 of 42.0 μM.
Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA), an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds to extracellular loop 2 of the κ-opioid receptor. Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA) also blocks NMDA-activated current with an IC50 of 42.0 μM.
HPV16-E711-20 epitope is a well-known HLA-A *0201-restricted human cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope of the HPV16 E7 protein that shows high-affinity binding to HLA-A2 in vitro. HPV16 CTL epitopes may be good candidates for the development of an effective peptide-based antitumor vaccine .
(Des-Pyr1)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Des-Pyr1,Des-Gly10,D-Leu6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Des-Gly10,Des-Ser4,D-Leu6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
LHRH (free acid), the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, is a neuropeptide hypothalamic. LHRH regulates reproduction. LHRH can be used for the research of cancer .
Reltecimod (AB-103) TFA is a T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 (TP44) antagonist. Reltecimod TFA has beneficial effects against different bacterial infections, their exotoxins and endotoxins, and ionizing radiation. Reltecimod TFA modulates the inflammatory response by targeting and attenuating the critical CD28/B7-2 co-stimulatory pathway, without inhibiting it. Reltecimod TFA can be used to research necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) .
Type A Allatostatin III (allatostatin 3) is a blood-brain barrier permeable and reversible neuropeptide that inhibits hormone synthesis in juvenile female cockroaches. Type A Allatostatin III can be used in pesticide research .
Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LH-RH), salmon (Salmon GnRH) is the hypophysiotropic decapeptide synthesized in the hypothalamus that plays a crucial role in the control of reproductive functions.
TAT (YGRKKRRQRRR) is derived from the transactivator of transcription (TAT) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and is a cell-penetrating peptide. TAT can increase the yields and the solubility of heterologous proteins .
Kisspeptin-10, human is a potent vasoconstrictor and inhibitor of angiogenesis. Kisspeptin-10, human acts as a tumor metastasis suppressor via its receptor GPR54. Kisspeptin-10-GPR54 system plays an important role in embryonic kidney development. Kisspeptin-10/GPR54 signaling induces osteoblast differentiation via NFATc4-mediated BMP2 expression .
Myelin Basic Protein (MHP4-14), a synthetic peptide comprising residues 4-14 of myelin basic protein, is a very selective PKC substrate (Km=7 μM). Myelin Basic Protein is not phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, casein kinases I and II, Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, or phosphorylase kinase, and can be routinely used for the assay of protein kinase C with low background in the crude tissue extracts .
Glycoprotein (276-286) is a Db-restricted peptide derived from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) glycoprotein (GP), corresponds to amino acids 276-286[1].
(Des-Gly10,D-Leu6,Orn8,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
AR-M1896 is a GalR2 selective agonist with a binding IC50 of 1.76 nM for rat GalR2. AR-M1896 can be used for the research of acute myocardial infarction and neuropathic pain .
Biotinyl-Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat) is biotin-labeled Angiotensin I . Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat) is the precursor to the vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II, cleaved by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) .
Ceruletide is a decapeptide and a potent cholecystokinin receptor agonist. Ceruletide is a safe and effective cholecystokinetic agent with a direct spasmogenic effect on the gallbladder muscle and bile ducts .
Abl Cytosolic Substrate is a substrate for Abelson tyrosine kinase (Abl ). Abl Protein Tyrosine Kinase (AbI) is a truncated form of the v-AbI Protein Tyrosine Kinase, a partner in the Gag-Abl fusion protein of the Abelson murine leukemia virus .
IGF-I (30-41) (TFA) is amino acids 30 to 41 fragment of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I). IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic GH activities although it possesses a wide number of own properties (anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions) .
CTAP TFA is a potent, highly selective, and BBB penetrant μ opioid receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 3.5 nM. CTAP TFA displays over 1200-fold selectivity over δ opioid (IC50=4500 nM) and somatostatin receptors. CTAP TFA can be used for the study of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) and opiate overdose or addiction .
D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP TFA is a selective agonist of vasopressin V1b receptor, with the Kis of 0.16 nM, 0.52 nM, and 0.1.38 nM for rat, human and mouse V1b receptor, respectively. D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP TFA has weak antidiuretic, vasopressor, and in vitro oxytocic activities .
D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP is a selective agonist of vasopressin V1b receptor, with the Kis of 0.16 nM, 0.52 nM, and 0.1.38 nM for rat, human and mouse V1b receptor, respectively. D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP has weak antidiuretic, vasopressor, and in vitro oxytocic activities .
γ1-MSH TFA is a melanocortin MC3 receptor agonist, with a Ki of 34 nM for the rat MC3 receptor. γ1-MSH TFA displays ~40-fold selectivity over MC4 (Ki=1318 nM) .
[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH TFA is a potent and selective agonist of melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor, with IC50s of 6.7 nM, 600 nM and 340 nM for hMC3, hMC4 and hMC5, respectively in CHO cells. [D-Trp8]-γ-MSH TFA could provide protection against multiple inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and colitis .
Histrelin, a GnRH analogue, is a GnRH Receptor agonist. Histrelin increases serum luteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone levels. Histrelin can be used in the research of prostate cancer, endometriosis .
Delmitide (RDP58) is an orally active d-isomer decapeptide with potent anti-inflammatory activity. Delmitide inhibits production of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and interleukin (IL)-12, and up-regulates heme oxygenase 1 activity. Delmitide can be used for the research of ulcerative colitis .
[DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine, a N-Alkylated derivative, is a potent κ-opioid receptor agonist with a Ki value of 0.13 nM. [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine has analgesic property .
BIM 23042, a certain somatostatin (SS) octapeptide analogue, is a selective neuropeptide neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R, BB1) antagonist. BIM 23042 has 100-fold lower affinity for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor (BB2). BIM 23042 inhibits Neuromedin B (HY-P0241), ICI 216140 and DPDM-bombesin ethylamide-induced Ca 2+ release .
(Des-Gly10,D-His2,D-Trp6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Ser6,Azagly10)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Des-Gly10,D-Pyr1,D-Leu6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
α-Synuclein (34-45) (human) is the 34-45 fragment of α-Synuclein. α-Synuclein is an abundant neuronal protein that is highly abundant in presynaptic nerve terminals. α-Synuclein is a Parkinson's disease (PD) biomarker .
[DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine hydrochloride, a N-Alkylated derivative, is a potent κ-opioid receptor agonist with a Ki value of 0.13 nM. [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine hydrochloride has analgesic property .
Delmitide (RDP58) acetate is an orally active d-isomer decapeptide with potent anti-inflammatory activity. Delmitide acetate inhibits production of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and interleukin (IL)-12, and up-regulates heme oxygenase 1 activity. Delmitide acetate can be used for the research of ulcerative colitis .
P4pal10 is a PAR4 antagonist. P4pal10 prevents the thrombin-mediated aggregation of mouse platelets in vivo. P4pal10 significantly reduced both the oedema and the granulocyte infiltration induced by Carrageenan (HY-125474) .
SP-10 is a small peptide derived from S protein with an IC50 value of 1.88 nM for blocks the interaction between S protein and ACE2. SP-10 can be used for SARS-CoV research .
μ/κ/δ opioid receptor agonist 1 is a μ opioid receptor (MOR), κ opioid receptor (KOR), and δ opioid receptor (DOR) agonist. μ/κ/δ opioid receptor agonist 1 produces a strong and long-lasting analgesic effect through peripheral MOR and KOR in the tail-flick test .
BIM 23042 TFA, a certain somatostatin (SS) octapeptide analogue, is a selective neuropeptide neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R, BB1) antagonist. BIM 23042 has 100-fold lower affinity for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor (BB2). BIM 23042 inhibits Neuromedin B (HY-P0241), ICI 216140 and DPDM-bombesin ethylamide-induced Ca 2+ release .
Oxytocin (α-Hypophamine) acetate is a pleiotropic, hypothalamic peptide known for facilitating parturition, lactation, and prosocial behaviors. Oxytocin acetate can function as a stress-coping molecule with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protective effects especially in the face of adversity or trauma .
Gap 26 is a connexin mimetic peptide, composed of residue numbers 63-75 of the first extracellular loop of connexin 43 (gap junction blocker), containing the SHVR amino acid motif .
CREBtide is a CREB (cAMP response element binding protein)-like peptide. CREBtide, a synthetic 13 amino acid peptide, has been reported as a PKA substrate.
Influenza HA (307-319) is 13 amino acids 307 to 319 fragment of Influenza HA. Influenza HA is a glycoprotein found on the surface of influenza viruses .
d[Cha4]-AVP is a potent and selective vasopressin (AVP) V1b receptor agonist with a Ki of 1.2 nM for human V1b receptor. d[Cha4]-AVP shows more selective for V1b receptor than human V1a receptor, V2 receptor, and oxytocin receptors .
d[Cha4]-AVP TFA is a potent and selective vasopressin (AVP) V1b receptor agonist with a Ki of 1.2 nM for human V1b receptor. d[Cha4]-AVP TFA shows more selective for V1b receptor than human V1a receptor, V2 receptor, and oxytocin receptors .
[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH is a potent and selective agonist of melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor, with IC50s of 6.7 nM, 600 nM and 340 nM for hMC3, hMC4 and hMC5, respectively in CHO cells. [D-Trp8]-γ-MSH could provide protection against multiple inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and colitis .
Ac-hMCH(6-16)-NH2 binds to and activates equally well both human MCH receptors present in the brain (non-selective agonist), with IC50 values of 0.16 nM and 2.7 nM for MCH-1R and MCH-2R .
[Asp5]-Oxytocin acetate is the first 5-position neurohypophyseal hormone analogue possessing significant biological activity. [Asp5]-Oxytocin acetate causes uterine contractions in vitro, enhanced by Mg 2+. [Asp5]-Oxytocin acetate has the ability of rat uteroconstrictor, avian vasodilator, and rat antidiuretic .
(D-His2,D-Trp6)-LHRH ((D-His2)-Triptorelin) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Histrelin acetate, a GnRH analogue, is a GnRH Receptor agonist. Histrelin acetate increases serum luteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone levels. Histrelin acetate can be used in the research of prostate cancer, endometriosis .
Angiotensinogen (1-13) (human) is a fragment of the renin substrate angiotensinogen. Angiotensinogen is naturally occurring substrate for renin and a precursor for all angiotensin peptides .
Hylambatin, a tachykinin, increases both plasma glucose and plasma insulin, whereas the secretion of glucagon was not affected. Hylambatin can be used in diabetes research .
CREBtide TFA is a CREB (cAMP response element binding protein)-like peptide. CREBtide TFA a synthetic 13 amino acid peptide, has been reported as a PKA substrate .
Oxytocin (α-Hypophamine; Oxytocic hormone) is a pleiotropic, hypothalamic peptide known for facilitating parturition, lactation, and prosocial behaviors. Oxytocin can function as a stress-coping molecule with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protective effects especially in the face of adversity or trauma .
Argipressin (Arg8-vasopressin) binds to the V1, V2, V3-vascular arginine vasopressin receptor, with a Kd value of 1.31 nM in A7r5 rat aortic smooth muscle cells for V1.
Lysipressin (Lysine vasopressin) is antidiuretic hormone that have been found in pigs and some marsupial families. Lysipressin induces contraction of the rabbit urinary bladder smooth muscle, activate adenylate-cyclase .
Angiotensinogen (1-14), human is a fragment of the renin substrate angiotensinogen. Angiotensinogen is naturally occurring substrate for renin and a precursor for all angiotensin peptides .
ACTH (11-24) is an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) receptor antagonist. ACTH (11-24) is a fragment of adrenocorticotropic and induces cortisol release. ACTH (11-24) can be used for the research of central nervous system .
Malantide is a synthetic dodecapeptide derived from the site phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) on the β-subunit of phosphorylase kinase. Malantide is a highly specific substrate for PKA with a Km of 15 μM and shows protein inhibitor (PKI) inhibition >90% substrate phosphorylation in various rat tissue extracts . Malantide is also an efficient substrate for PKC with a Km of 16 μM .
Malantide TFA is a synthetic dodecapeptide derived from the site phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) on the β-subunit of phosphorylase kinase. Malantide TFA is a highly specific substrate for PKA with a Km of 15 μM and shows protein inhibitor (PKI) inhibition >90% substrate phosphorylation in various rat tissue extracts . Malantide TFA is also an efficient substrate for PKC with a Km of 16 μM .
CTOP is a potent and highly selective μ-opioid receptor antagonist. CTOP antagonizes the acute morphine-induced analgesic effect and hypermotility. CTOP enhances extracellular dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens. CTOP dose-dependently enhances locomotor activity .
CTAP is a potent, highly selective, and BBB penetrant μ opioid receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 3.5 nM. CTAP displays over 1200-fold selectivity over δ opioid (IC50=4500 nM) and somatostatin receptors. CTAP can be used for the study of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) and opiate overdose or addiction .
AKTide-2T is an excellent in vitro substrate for AKT and shows competitive inhibition of histone H2B phosphorylation with a Ki of 12 nM. AKTide-2T mimics the optimal phosphorylation sequence of Akt and is an inhibitory peptide with the wildtype AKTide lacking Thr in the S22 position .
AKTide-2T TFA is an excellent in vitro substrate for AKT and shows competitive inhibition of histone H2B phosphorylation with a Ki of 12 nM. AKTide-2T TFA mimics the optimal phosphorylation sequence of Akt and is an inhibitory peptide with the wildtype AKTide lacking Thr in the S22 position .
ANQ-11125 TFA is a potent and selective antagonist of motilin, with the pKd of 8.24. ANQ-11125 TFA blocks motilide-induced contractions in vitro in the rabbit .
[D-Trp11]-Neurotensin, an analogue of Neurotensin (NT), is a selective antagonist of NT in perfused rat hearts but behaves as a full agonist in guinea pig atria and rat stomach strips. [D-Trp11]-Neurotensin can inhibit NT-induced hypotension .
ACTH (11-24) (acetate) is an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) receptor antagonist. ACTH (11-24) is a fragment of adrenocorticotropic and induces cortisol release. ACTH (11-24) can be used for the research of central nervous system .
FITC-LC-TAT (47-57) is a FITC labeled TAT peptide. TAT is a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). TAT can increase the yields and the solubility of heterologous proteins .
Cys(Npys)-TAT (47-57) is a peptide fragment of TAT peptide and it is able to interact with plasmid DNA electrostatically. Cys(Npys)-TAT (47-57) is corresponding to the transduction domain of TAT with an activated cysteine residue C. TAT is a small nuclear transcriptional activator protein encoded by HIV-1 .
(Des-Gly10,D-His2,D-His(Bzl)6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Pro8-Oxytocin is a a modified oxytocin (OXT) ligand. Pro8-Oxytocin produces more potent and efficacious responses at primate OXTR and stronger behavioral effects than the consensus mammalian OXT ligand (Leu8-Oxytocin). Pro8-Oxytocin produce a less efficacious response than Vasopressin (HY-B1811) (AVP) at human AVPR1a and higher efficacious response than AVP at marmoset AVPR1a .
(Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is the Gq-dependent pathway agonist. (Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is also a weaker agonist for the β-arrestin engagement and endocytosis toward the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) .
Pro8-Oxytocin TFA is a a modified oxytocin (OXT) ligand. Pro8-Oxytocin produces more potent and efficacious responses at primate OXTR and stronger behavioral effects than the consensus mammalian OXT ligand (Leu8-Oxytocin). Pro8-Oxytocin TFA produce a less efficacious response than Vasopressin (HY-B1811) (AVP) at human AVPR1a and higher efficacious response than AVP at marmoset AVPR1a .
[Orn8]-Urotensin II (human), a peptide analog of urotensin II, is a UT receptor agonist. [Orn8]-Urotensin II (human) increases intracellular calcium levels in HEK293 .
α-MSH (α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone), an endogenous neuropeptide, is an endogenous melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) agonist with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities. α-MSH is a post-translational derivative of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) .
β-Amyloid (1-15) is a fragment of β-Amyloid peptide. Beta-amyloid is a peptide that forms amyloid plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.
CART(62-76)(human,rat) is a neuropeptide (62-76 residues of the CART peptide) with neurotransmitter-like effects. CART(62-76)(human,rat) can modulate the activity of striatal noradrenergic and corticostriatal and hypothalamic serotoninergic (5-HT) system in the rat brain .
CART(62-76)(human,rat) TFA is a neuropeptide (62-76 residues of the CART peptide) with neurotransmitter-like effects. CART(62-76)(human,rat) TFA can modulate the activity of striatal noradrenergic and corticostriatal and hypothalamic serotoninergic (5-HT) system in the rat brain .
DPC-AJ1951 TFA, a 14 amino acid peptide that acts as a potent agonist of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide receptor (PPR). And characterized the activity of DPC-AJ1951 TFA in ex vivo and in vivo assays of bone resorption .
α-MSH (α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone) TFA, an endogenous neuropeptide, is an endogenous melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) agonist with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities. α-MSH TFA is a post-translational derivative of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) .
(D-Ser4,D-Ser(tBu)6,Azagly10)-LHRH is an analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). LHRH plays a central role in the control of reproduction by stimulating the release of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) .
FGL peptide, is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Ser(tBu)6,D-Leu7,Azagly10)-LHRH is an analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). LHRH plays a central role in the control of reproduction by stimulating the release of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) .
J5 peptide is an MBP inhibitor that competitively inhibits the binding of MBP85-99 to HLA-DR2. J5 peptide alleviates PLP139-151/MBP85-99-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. J5 peptide can be used in research on inflammatory and immune diseases .
HSV-1 Protease substrate is a peptide substrate for HSV-1 (Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1) protease, and the specificity constant (kcat/Km) at pH 7.5 for cleavage is 5.2 M -1 s -1 .
GRP (14-27) (human, porcine, canine) is a bombesin receptor ligand. The specific binding of GRP (14-27) is inhibited by GTP and GDP, whereas GMP was without effect .
[Deamino-Pen1,Val4,D-Arg8]-vasopressin (AVP-A) is an arginine-vasopressin (AVP) antagonist. AVP-A can significantly lower plasma aldosterone concentration in rats. AVP-A can be used for the research of the growth and steroidogenic capacity of rat adrenal zona glomerulosa .
Melanotan I is a potent non-selective melanocortin receptor (MCR) agonist. Melanotan I is a synthetic analogue of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) that stimulates melanogenesis. Melanotan I can induce skin tanning by mimicking the actions of a-MSH on the melanocortin type 1 receptors (MC1R) of melanocytes. Melanotan I can be used for the research of sun-induced skin cancer, melanoma, inflammation and male erectile dysfunction .
β-Amyloid (1-16) is a β-Amyloid protein fragment involved in metal binding. Beta-amyloid is a peptide that forms amyloid plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.
OHM 11638 (Atilmotin), an analogue of the (1-14) fragment of porcine motilin, is a motilin receptor agonist with a pKd of 8.94 for the motilin receptor. OHM 11638 affects esophageal, lower esophageal sphincter (LES), and gastric motility. OHM 11638 increases LES and gastric pressures, OHM 11638 can be used as prokinetic agents .
IN-2-LF is an inhibitor of lethal factor. IN-2-LF also inhibits furin with an IC50 of 2 μM. IN-2-LF enhances protection against anthrax lethal toxin when in combination with D6R .
Terlipressin is a vasopressin analogue with potent vasoactive properties. Terlipressin is a highly selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist that reduces the splanchnic blood flow and portal pressure and controls acute variceal bleeding. Terlipressin exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Terlipressin has the potential for hepatorenal syndrome and norepinephrine-resistant septic shock research .
Adrenomedullin (16-31), human is amino acid residues 16-31 fragment of human adrenomedullin (hADM). Adrenomedullin has appreciable affinity for the CGRP1 receptor. Adrenomedullin (16-31), human possesses pressor activity in the systemic vascular bed of the rat, but not the cat .
Terlipressin diacetate is a vasopressin analogue with potent vasoactive properties. Terlipressin diacetate is a highly selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist that reduces the splanchnic blood flow and portal pressure and controls acute variceal bleeding. Terlipressin diacetate exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Terlipressin diacetate has the potential for hepatorenal syndrome and norepinephrine-resistant septic shock research .
Dynorphin A is an endogenous opioid peptide involved in inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Dynorphin A is a highy potent kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, and is also an agonist for other opioid receptors, such as mu (MOR) and delta (DOR). Dynorphin A can induce neuronal death, and can be used in the research of neurological disease .
Dynorphin A TFA is an endogenous opioid peptide involved in inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Dynorphin A TFA is a highy potent kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, and is also an agonist for other opioid receptors, such as mu (MOR) and delta (DOR). Dynorphin A TFA can induce neuronal death, and can be used in the research of neurological disease .
Alsactide, a heptadecapeptide analogue, is an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) agonist. Alsactide can be used in research of central nervous system .
hMCH-1R antagonist 1 (Compound 30) is an effective and selective antagonist of human melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (hMCHR1) with an KB value of 3.6 nM. HMCH-1R antagonist 1 can bind to hMCHR1 and hMCHR2 with IC50 values of 65 nM and 49 nM, respectively. HMCH-1R antagonistist 1 can be used for metabolic research .
BQ-3020 is a selective endothelin receptor (ETB receptor) agonist that displaces [ 125I] ET-1 binding to ETB receptors, with an IC50 value of 0.2 nM. BQ-3020 elicits vasoconstriction in the rabbit pulmonary artery. BQ-3020 makes relaxation of the pig urinary bladder neck and can be used for cardiovascular disease research 12.
BQ-3020 ammonium is a selective endothelin receptor (ETB receptor) agonist. BQ-3020 ammonium inhibits [ 125I] ET-1 binding to ETB receptors, with an IC50 value of 0.2 nM. BQ-3020 ammonium elicits vasoconstriction in the rabbit pulmonary artery. BQ-3020 ammonium makes relaxation of the pig urinary bladder neck and can be used for cardiovascular disease research . .
α-Conotoxin RgIA (α-RgIA) is a specific α9α10 nAChR antagonist. α-Conotoxin RgIA can be obtained from Conus regius venom. α-Conotoxin RgIA can be used in the study of neurological diseases .
Terlipressin acetate is a vasopressin analogue with potent vasoactive properties. Terlipressin acetate is a highly selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist that reduces the splanchnic blood flow and portal pressure and controls acute variceal bleeding. Terlipressin acetate exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Terlipressin acetate has the potential for hepatorenal syndrome and norepinephrine-resistant septic shock research .
Urotensin II, mouse is an endogenous ligand for the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR14 or SENR. Urotensin II, mouse is a potent vasoconstrictor. Urotensin II, mouse plays a physiological role in the central nervous system .
OV-1, sheep is an alpha-helical antimicrobial ovispirin peptide derived from SMAP29 peptide (sheep), which inhibits several antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains including mucoid and nonmucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
OXA(17-33) is a potent and selective orexin-1 receptor (OX1) agonist. OXA(17-33) shows a ∼23-fold selectivity for the OX1 (EC50=8.29 nM) over OX2 (187 nM) .
OXA(17-33) TFA is a potent and selective orexin-1 receptor (OX1) agonist. OXA(17-33) TFA shows a ∼23-fold selectivity for the OX1 (EC50=8.29 nM) over OX2 (187 nM) .
Ac9-25 TFA, a N-terminal peptide of Annexin I, acts as a formyl peptide receptor (FPR) agonist and activates the neutrophil NADPH oxidase through FPR .
HXR9 is a cell-permeable peptide and a competitive antagonist of HOX/PBX interaction. HXR9 antagonizes the interaction between HOX and a second transcrip-tion factor (PBX), which binds to HOX proteins in paralogue groups1 to 8. HXR9 selectively decreases cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in cells with a high level of expression of the HOXA/PBX3 genes, such as MLL-rearranged leukemic cells .
Hepatitis C Virus S5A/5B is a synthetic peptide substrate. Hepatitis C Virus S5A/5B mimics the NS5A/5B junction of the nonstructural protein (NS), served as the substrate for the study of HCV NS3 protease activity .
C18G is a biological active peptide. (C18G is a synthetic α-helical peptide derived from human platelet factor IV. This peptide was found to be antibacterial and is active against Salmonella.)
α-Conotoxin GI has high affinity for nAChR.α-Conotoxin GI is a short peptide toxin that can be isolated from the venom of Conus geographus.α-Conotoxin GI has the similar activity with neuromuscular blocking agent .
DOTA-JR11 is a somatostatin receptor 2 （SSTR2）antagonist. DOTA-JR11 can be labeled by 68Ga, used for paired imaging in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) research .
Drosocin is a biological active peptide. (Drosocin is a 19-mer cationic antimicrobial peptide from Drosophila melanogaster. In Drosophila native drosocin carries a disaccharide moiety attached to a threonine residue in mid-chain position. This synthetic drosocin peptide of identical amino acid sequence without the disaccharide has an activity several times lower than the native compound.)
SMAP-18 is a biological active peptide. (SMAP-18 is a 18-amino acid residue peptide amide which is a truncated form of SMAP-29. Sheep myeloid antimicrobial peptide-29 (SMAP-29) displays extremely high antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas strains, other Gram-negative bacteria, and multidrug-resistant pathogens. SMAP-18 displays much higher cell selectivity as compared to parental SMAP-29 because of its decreased hemolytic activity and retained antimicrobial activity.)
MI-1544 is a powerful GnRH antagonist. MI-1544 induces inhibitory effects on the pituitary LH release and on gonads. MI-1544 can be used for the research of antifertility effect .
Tat-NR2BAA TFA is the control peptide of Tat-NR2B9c (HY-P0117), inactive. The sequence of Tat-NR2BAA TFA is similar to Tat-NR2B9c, but it has a double-point mutation in the COOH terminal tSXV motif, making it incapable of binding PSD-95. Tat-NR2B9c is a membrane-permeant peptide and disrupts PSD-95/NMDAR binding, correlate with uncoupling NR2B- and/or NR2A-type NMDARs from PSD-95 .
Tat-NR2BAA is the control peptide of Tat-NR2B9c (HY-P0117), inactive. The sequence of Tat-NR2BAA is similar to Tat-NR2B9c, but it has a double-point mutation in the COOH terminal tSXV motif, making it incapable of binding PSD-95. Tat-NR2B9c is a membrane-permeant peptide and disrupts PSD-95/NMDAR binding, correlate with uncoupling NR2B- and/or NR2A-type NMDARs from PSD-95 .
α-Conotoxin AuIB, a potent and selective α3β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist, blocks α3β4 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes with an IC50 of 0.75 μM .
α-Conotoxin AuIB TFA, a potent and selective α3β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist, blocks α3β4 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes with an IC50 of 0.75 μM .
PKI(5-24) is a potent, competitive, and synthetic peptide inhibitor of PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase), with a Ki of 2.3 nM. PKI(5-24) corresponds to residues 5-24 in the naturally occurring heat-stable protein kinase inhibitor .
PKI(5-24) TFA is a potent, competitive, and synthetic peptide inhibitor of PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase), with a Ki of 2.3 nM. PKI(5-24) TFA corresponds to residues 5-24 in the naturally occurring heat-stable protein kinase inhibitor .
BIM-23190 hydrochloride, a somatostatin analog, a selective SSRT2 and SSRT5 agonist, exhibits Ki values of 0.34 nM and 11.1 nM for SSTR2 and SSTR5, respectively. BIM-23190 can be used in the study for cancer and acromegaly .
BIM-23190, a somatostatin analog, a selective SSTR2 and SSTR5 agonist, exhibits Ki values of 0.34 nM and 11.1 nM for SSTR2 and SSTR5, respectively. BIM-23190 can be used in the study for cancer and acromegaly .
α-Conotoxin BuIA is a paralytic peptide neurotoxin and a competitive nAChR antagonist, with IC50s of 0.258 nM (α6/α3β2), 1.54 nM (α6/α3β4), 5.72 nM (α3β2), respectively. α-Conotoxin BuIA can be used to distinguish nAChRs containing β2- and β4-subunit, respectively. α-Conotoxin BuIA distinguishes among αxβ2 nAChRs with a rank order potency of α6>α3>α2>α4 .
GAD65(247-266) epitope TFA is the T cell epitopes of islet antigens，binding to I-A g7 (type I diabetes-associated molecule) competitively with poor affinity. GAD65 refers to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65，involved in the conversion of glutamate to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) .
Helianorphin-19 is a potent and selective κ-opioid receptor (KOR) activator with a Ki of 21 nM and an EC50 of 45 nM. Helianorphin-19 exhibits strong KOR-specific peripheral analgesic activity in a mouse model of chronic visceral pain .
Api137 is an antimicrobial peptide that interferes with bacterial growth by inhibiting translation. Api137 inhibits protein synthesis by trapping of release factors on the 70S ribosome following hydrolysis of the nascent polypeptide chain .
Api137 TFA is an antimicrobial peptide that interferes with bacterial growth by inhibiting translation. Api137 TFA inhibits protein synthesis by trapping of release factors on the 70S ribosome following hydrolysis of the nascent polypeptide chain .
Galantide, a non-specific galanin receptor antagonist, is a peptide consisting of fragments of galanin and substance P. Galantide recognizes two classes of galanin binding sites (KD<0.1 nM and ~6 nM) in the rat hypothalamus. Galantide dose dependently (IC50=1.0 nM) antagonizes the galanin-mediated inhibition of the glucose-induced insulin secretion from mouse pancreatic islets. Galantide appears to bind to a single population of SP receptors (KD~40 nM) .
M40 is an antagonist or a weak agonist for galanin receptor depending on different subtypes of galanin receptors in the brain, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala and pancreas .
Melanin Concentrating Hormone, salmon is a 19-amino-acid neuropeptide initially identified in the pituitary gland of teleost fish, which regulates food intake, energy balance, sleep state, and the cardiovascular system. Melanin-concentrating hormone is a ligand for an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (SLC-1/GPR24) and MCHR2.
Melanin Concentrating Hormone, salmon TFA (MCH (salmon) TFA) is a 19-amino-acid neuropeptide initially identified in the pituitary gland of teleost fish, which regulates food intake, energy balance, sleep state, and the cardiovascular system. Melanin-concentrating hormone is a ligand for an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (SLC-1/GPR24) and MCHR2.
[Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) is an ETB agonist. [Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) has selectivity for ET B with IC50 values range from 0.33 nM to 0.61 nM. [Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) can be used for the research of vasoconstriction .
Bivalirudin, a peptide anticoagulant, is a direct thrombin inhibitor for anticoagulation in the setting of invasive cardiology, particularly percutaneous coronary intervention .
α-Conotoxin PnIA, a potent and selective antagonist of the mammalian α7 nAChR, has the potential for the research of neurological conditions such as neuropathic pain and Alzheimer’s disease .
α-Conotoxin PnIA TFA, a potent and selective antagonist of the mammalian α7 nAChR, has the potential for the research of neurological conditions such as neuropathic pain and Alzheimer’s disease .
Catestatin is a 21-amino acid residue, cationic and hydrophobic peptide. Catestatin is an endogenous peptide that regulates cardiac function and blood pressure . Catestatin is a non-competitive nicotinic antagonist acting through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to inhibit catecholamine release .
Catestatin TFA is a 21-amino acid residue, cationic and hydrophobic peptide. Catestatin TFA is an endogenous peptide that regulates cardiac function and blood pressure . Catestatin TFA is a non-competitive nicotinic antagonist acting through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to inhibit catecholamine release .
M617 is a selective galanin receptor 1 (GAL1) agonist, with Kis of 0.23 and 5.71 nM for GAL1 and GAL2, respectively. M617, acting through its central GAL1, can promote GLUT4 expression and enhance GLUT4 content in the cardiac muscle of type 2 diabetic rats .
M617 TFA is a selective galanin receptor 1 (GAL1) agonist, with Kis of 0.23 and 5.71 nM for GAL1 and GAL2, respectively. M617 TFA, acting through its central GAL1, can promote GLUT4 expression and enhance GLUT4 content in the cardiac muscle of type 2 diabetic rats .
α-Conotoxin Vc1.1 TFA is a disulfide-bonded peptide isolated from Conus victoriae and is a selective nAChR antagonist. α-Conotoxin Vc1.1 TFA inhibits α3α5β2, α3β2 and α3β4 with IC50s of 7.2 μM, 7.3 μM and 4.2 μM, respectively, and has less inhibitory effect on other nAChR subtypes. α-Conotoxin Vc1.1 TFA has the potential for neuropathic pain reserach .
vMIP-II (1-21) is a CXCR4 antagonist. vMIP-II has broad-spectrum interaction with CC and CXC chemokine receptors. vMIP-II (1-21) binds with CXCR4 with an IC50 value of 190 nM for competing with CXCR4 binding of 125I-SDF-1R .
Galantide TFA is a reversible and non-specific galanin (GAL) receptor antagonist. Galantide TFA dose-dependently shows antagonism to galanin-induced K + conductance with an IC50 value of 4 nM. Galantide TFA can be used for the research of neurological disease and hormone metabolism research .
Guanylin (mouse, rat), a petide, is composed of 15 amino acids. Guanylin (mouse, rat) is an activator of intestinal guanylate cyclase. Guanylin (mouse, rat) can be used for the research of diarrhea .
Lynronne-2 is an antimicrobial peptide. Lynronne-1 is active against Gram-positive bacterials, including
MDR strains (MIC: 32-256 μg/mL for methicillin-resistant MRSA strains). Lynronne-2 is also effective against P. aeruginosa infection
FAM-DEALA-Hyp-YIPMDDDFQLRSF-NH2, a 5-FAM labeled HIF-1α peptide, is a substrate of VHL. FAM-DEALA-Hyp-YIPMDDDFQLRSF-NH2 binds to VHL protein with a KD of 3 nM. Ex/Em (λ) = 485/520 nm .
M40 TFA is the TFA salt form of M40. M40 TFA is an antagonist or a weak agonist for galanin receptor depending on different subtypes of galanin receptors in the brain, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala and pancreas .
Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 is a high-affinity ligand and antagonist of galanin receptor (Kd=0.1 nM). Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 exerts a Ki values of 0.11 and 2.0 nM for human galanin receptor type 1 and 2, respectively .
Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 TFA is a high-affinity ligand and antagonist of galanin receptor (Kd=0.1 nM). Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 TFA exerts a Ki values of 0.11 and 2.0 nM for human galanin receptor type 1 and 2, respectively .
AMY-101 (Cp40), a peptidic inhibitor of the central complement component C3 (KD = 0.5 nM), inhibits naturally occurring periodontitis in non-human primates (NHPs). AMY-101 (Cp40) exhibits a favorable anti-inflammatory activity in models with COVID-19 severe pneumonia with systemic hyper inflammation .
[Ala17]-MCH, a MCH analogue (HY-P1525A), is a selective ligand for MCHR1 (Ki=0.16 nM) over MCHR2 (Ki=34 nM). [Eu 3+ chelate-labeled [Ala17]-MCH shows high affnity for MCHR1 (Kd=0.37 nM) while has little demonstrable binding affnity for MCHR2 .
[Ala17]-MCH TFA, a MCH analogue (HY-P1525A), is a selective ligand for MCHR1 (Ki=0.16 nM) over MCHR2 (Ki=34 nM). [Eu 3+ chelate-labeled [Ala17]-MCH shows high affnity for MCHR1 (Kd=0.37 nM) while has little demonstrable binding affnity for MCHR2 .
Acetyl-ACTH (4-24) (human, bovine, rat) is a fragment of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide. POMC peptides such as adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), which is the precursor of α-MSH, is also an agonist at the MC-1 receptor .
[Leu13]-Motilin (KW-5139) is a motilin analogue. [Leu13]-Motilin stimulates gastrointestinal motility in the rabbit. [Leu13]-Motilin causes concentration-dependent contractions of the gastric antrum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and the descending colon in vitro .
TAT-SAMβA is the peptide consist of RNAENFDRF (SAMβA; HY-P3429) conjugated to the cell penetrating TAT protein-derived peptide TAT47–57. TAT-SAMβA is a selective antagonist of Mfn1-βIIPKC association. TAT-SAMβA protects mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEFs) against oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity .
TP508 is a 23-amino acid nonproteolytic thrombin peptide that represents a portion of the receptor-binding domain of thrombin molecule. TP508 activates endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and stimulates production of NO in human endothelial cells. TP508 activates endothelial cells and stem cells to revascularize and regenerate tissues .
TP508 TFA is a 23-amino acid nonproteolytic thrombin peptide that represents a portion of the receptor-binding domain of thrombin molecule. TP508 TFA activates endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and stimulates production of NO in human endothelial cells. TP508 TFA activates endothelial cells and stem cells to revascularize and regenerate tissues .
BMf-BH3 (BMF-Y) belongs to the Bcl-2 apoptosis mediator family. BH3-only protein, Bmf is a key molecule for histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors mediated enhancing effect on ionizing radiation-induced cell death .
α-Conotoxin EI is a selective nicotinic acetylcholine α1β1γδ receptor (nAChR) antagonist (IC50=187 nM) and an α3β4 receptor inhibitor. α-Conotoxin EI can block muscle and ganglionic receptors .
Acetyl-ACTH (3-24) (human, bovine, rat) is a fragment of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide. POMC peptides such as adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), which is the precursor of α-MSH, is also an agonist at the MC-1 receptor .
NODAGA-LM3 can be labeled by 68Ga for PET imaging. 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 is a SSTR2 antagonist, and can be used for imaging of SSTR positive paragangliomas .
NODAGA-LM3 TFA can be labeled by 68Ga for PET imaging. 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 TFA is a SSTR2 antagonist, and can be used for imaging of SSTR positive paragangliomas .
SBP1 peptide is a chemically synthesized 23-mer peptide fragment of the ACE2 PD α1 helix. SBP1 peptide associates with micromolar affinity to insect-derived SARS-CoV-2-RBD protein .
Obestatin(rat), encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities .
Obestatin(rat) TFA, encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) TFA suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) TFA has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities .
M871 (Galanin-(2-13)-Glu-His-(Pro)3-(Ala-Leu)2-Ala-amide) is a selective galanin receptor type 2 (GalR2) antagonist. M871 exhibits Ki values of 13.1 nM and 420 nM for GalR2 and GalR1, respectively. M871 can be used for research on GalR2-related diseases (such as epilepsy, pain) .
Thanatin is an inducible cationic antimicrobial peptide. Thanatin is a pathogen-inducible single-disulfide-bond-containing β-hairpin AMP. Thanatin displays broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against various species of fungi with MICs of 0.3-40 µM, 0.6-40 µM and 0.6-20 µM, respectively. Thanatin has the property of competitive replacement of divalent cations from bacterial outer membrane (OM), leading to OM disruption .
Thanatin TFA is an inducible cationic antimicrobial peptide. Thanatin TFA s a pathogen-inducible single-disulfide-bond-containing β-hairpin AMP. Thanatin TFA displays broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against various species of fungi with MICs of 0.3-40 µM, 0.6-40 µM and 0.6-20 µM, respectively. Thanatin TFA has the property of competitive replacement of divalent cations from bacterial outer membrane (OM), leading to OM disruption .
TAT-14 is a 14-mer peptide that acts as Nrf2 activator with an anti-inflammatory effect. TAT-14 has no effect on Nrf2 mRNA expression, but increases Nrf2 protein level due to targeting the Nrf2 binding site on Keap1 .
TAT-14 TFA is a 14-mer peptide that acts as Nrf2 activator with an anti-inflammatory effect. TAT-14 TFA has no effect on Nrf2 mRNA expression, but increases Nrf2 protein level due to targeting the Nrf2 binding site on Keap1 .
BAD (103-127) (human), the 25-mer Bad peptide, is derived from the BH3 domain of BAD, can antagonize the function of Bcl-xL. BAD (103-127) (human) is reported to have almost 800-fold higher affinity for Bcl-XL than the 16-mer peptide .
st-Ht31 is a membrane-permeable peptide inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA) anchoring. st-Ht31 induces robust cholesterol/phospholipid efflux. st-Ht31 completely reverses foam cell formation and restores the metabolic health of macrophage .
Sulanemadlin (ALRN-6924) is a potent and cell-permeating p53-based peptidomimetic macrocycles. Sulanemadlin is a inhibitor of the p53-MDM2, p53-MDMX, or both p53 and MDM2 and MDMX protein-protein interactions. Sulanemadlin can be used for cancers research .
Distinctin is an antimicrobial peptide. Distinctin can be isolated from frog skin. Distinctin has antibacterial activity against E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and E. coli (MIC: 14.5, 28.0, 28.0, 14.5 μM) .
Ac2-26, an active N-terminal peptide of annexin A1 (AnxA1), attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury. Ac2-26 also decreases AnxA1 protein expression, inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the injured lung tissue .
Ac2-26 TFA, an active N-terminal peptide of annexin A1 (AnxA1), attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury. Ac2-26 also decreases AnxA1 protein expression, inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the injured lung tissue .
BAD (103-127) (human), FAM-labeled is a FAM-labeled human BAD (103-127) (HY-P2468). BAD (103-127) (human), the 25-mer Bad peptide, is derived from the BH3 domain of BAD, can antagonize the function of Bcl-xL .
β-Endorphin, an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, is an opioid receptor agonist. β-Endorphin binds preferentially to μ-opioid receptors and is produced in certain neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system and is one of three endorphins produced in humans. β-Endorphin can be used to reduce stress and maintain homeostasis in the body and is involved in neurological pain perception regulation .
Ac2-26 ammonium is the N-terminal peptide of annexin 1, and has anti-inflammatory activity. Ac2-26 ammonium induces a decrease in IKKβ protein in lysosomes by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Ac2-26 ammonium ameliorates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ac2-26 ammonium also inhibits airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in an asthma rat model .
APT STAT3 is a specific STAT3-binding peptide. APT STAT3 can bind STAT3 with high specificity and affinity (～231 nmol/L). APT STAT3 is a tractable agent for translation to target the broad array of cancers harboring constitutively activated STAT3 .
Endothelin 1 (swine, human) is a synthetic peptide with the sequence of human and swine Endothelin 1, which is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor. Endothelin 1 acts through two types of receptors ETA and ETB .
β-Amyloid (10-35), amide is composed of 26 aa (10-35 residues of the Aβ peptide) and is the primary component of the amyloid plaques of Alzheimer’s disease.
Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA is a melanocortin peptide derived from the C-terminal of the fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA potentiates the steroidogenic response of the rat adrenal to adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA is a potent stimulator of lipolysis with an apparent EC50 of 3.56 nM. Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA can activate hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and Perilipin A resulting in lipolysis .
Endothelin 1 (swine, human) (TFA) is a synthetic peptide with the sequence of human and swine Endothelin 1, which is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor. Endothelin 1 acts through two types of receptors ETA and ETB .
Sarafotoxin S6b is a vasoconstrictor peptide, and a non-selective endothelin receptor agonist. Sarafotoxin S6b can induce contraction in isolated human coronary arteries , the Ki values of Coronary artery, Saphenous vein and Coronary artery are 0.27, 0.55 and 19.5 nM, respectively .
IFN-γ Antagonist 1 (AYCRDGKIGPPKLDIRKEEKQI) is an antagonist of interferon γ (IFN γ). IFN-γ Antagonist 1 inhibits IFN-γ induced HLR/DR antigen expression in Colon 205 cells with an IC50 value of approximately 35 μM. IFN-γ Antagonist 1 has potential applications in immune regulation .
IFN-γ Antagonist 1 (AYCRDGKIGPPKLDIRKEEKQI) acetate is an antagonist of interferon γ (IFN γ). IFN-γ Antagonist 1 inhibits IFN-γ induced HLR/DR antigen expression in Colon 205 cells with an IC50 value of approximately 35 μM. IFN-γ Antagonist 1 has potential applications in immune regulation .
xStAx-VHLL is a PROTAC β-catenin degrader that manifests strong inhibition of Wnt signaling and sustains degradation of β-catenin in cancer cells and the intestinal organoids derived from wild-type and APC –/– mice. xStAx-VHLL can be used as a promising anticancer agent .
Myr-TAT-CBD3 is CRMP2-CaV2.2 interaction inhibitor. Myr-tat-CBD3 can significantly attenuate carrageenan-induced thermal hypersensitivity and reverse thermal hypersensitivity induced in a rat model of postoperative pain. Myr-TAT-CBD3 can be used to study inflammation and postoperative pain .
Maximin 3 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from skin secretions of Bombina maxima. Maximin 3 has cytotoxicity on tumor cells and spermicidal effect. Maximin 3 has significant anti-HIV activity .
Maximin 5 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from skin secretions of Bombina maxima. Maximin 5 has cytotoxicity on tumor cells and spermicidal effect .
TAT-MEK1 is an inhibitor ofERK2, consisting of TAT and MEK1 (N-terminal), TAT (YGRKKRRQRRR) derived from human immunodeficiency (HIV-1) transcriptional trans activator (TAT), is a cell-penetrating peptide. TAT-MEK1 IC50 in vitro for ERK2 is 29 μM .
β-Amyloid (1-28) is a β-Amyloid protein fragment involved in metal binding. Beta-amyloid is a peptide that forms amyloid plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.
Phospho-Glycogen Synthase Peptide-2 (substrate) is peptide substrate for glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and can be used for affinity purification of protein-serine kinases .
Phospho-Glycogen Synthase Peptide-2 (substrate) is peptide substrate for glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and can be used for affinity purification of protein-serine kinases .
M1145, a chimeric peptide, is a selective galanin receptor type 2 (GAL2) agonist, with a Ki of 6.55 nM. M1145 shows more than 90-fold higher affinity for GAL2 over GAL1 (Ki=587 nM) and a 76-fold higher affinity over GalR3 (Ki=497 nM). M1145 has an additive effect on the signal transduction of galanin .
M1145 TFA, a chimeric peptide, is a selective galanin receptor type 2 (GAL2) agonist, with a Ki of 6.55 nM. M1145 TFA shows more than 90-fold higher affinity for GAL2 over GAL1 (Ki=587 nM) and a 76-fold higher affinity over GalR3 (Ki=497 nM). M1145 TFA has an additive effect on the signal transduction of galanin .
WL12 is a specifically targeting programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) binding peptide. WL12 can be radiolabeled by different radionuclides, generating radiotracers, which can assess the tumor PD-L1 expression .
Onvitrelin ucalontide ([Phor18-LHRH (338613)]) is an analogue of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) with antineoplastic activity. Onvitrelin ucalontide is a peptide with sequences of KFAKFAKKFAKFAKKFAKQHWSYGLRPG. Onvitrelin ucalontide effectively inhibits breast cancer, ovarian cancer and prostate cancer xenografts in mouse model .
BMAP-28 is an antibiotic peptide and an inducer of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. BMAP-28 induces cell death through opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. BMAP-28 can be used in study of microbial infections and cancer .
Maximin 1 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from skin secretions of Bombina maxima. Maximin 1 has cytotoxicity on tumor cells and spermicidal effect .
Maximin 2 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from skin secretions of Bombina maxima. Maximin 2 has cytotoxicity on tumor cells and spermicidal effect .
Maximin 4 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from skin secretions of Bombina maxima. Maximin 4 has cytotoxicity on tumor cells and spermicidal effect .
Maximin 15 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 15 is active against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, with MIC values of 9.4, 18.8, 75 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 28 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 28 is active against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, with MIC values of 4.7, 9.4, 75 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 32 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 32 is active against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with MIC values of 9.4, 18.8 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 39 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 39 is active against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with MIC values of 18.8, 37.5 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 45 is an antimicrobial peptide. Maximin 41 has antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, B. subtilis (MIC: 4.7, 9.4, 75 μg/mL). Maximin 45 has hemolytic activities against human and rabbit red cells .
Maximin 49 is an antimicrobial peptide. Maximin 49 has antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC: 18.8 μg/mL). Maximin 49 has hemolytic activities against human and rabbit red cells .
Maximin 42 is an antimicrobial peptide. Maximin 42 has antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC: 37.5 μg/mL). Maximin 42 has hemolytic activities against human red cells .
cpm-1285m is a cell-permeable mutated peptide analogue of cpm-1285 (Bcl-2 inhibitory peptide). cpm-1285m contains a single substitution of alanine for Leu-151, and exhibits a decrease in Bcl-2 binding affinity with a reduction in IC50 of ∼15-fold. cpm-1285m can be used as a control of cpm-1285 .
cpm-1285 induces apoptosis by functionally blocking intracellular Bcl-2 and related death antagonists. cpm-1285 shows strong binding potency to Bcl-2 with an IC50 value of 130 nM. cpm-1285 reduces tumor burden in mice .
TAT-PAK18 inhibitory peptide is a membrane-permeable PAK inhibitory peptide. TAT-PAK18 inhibitory peptide reduces F-actin clusters and occludes the effect of Shank3 knockdown .
CP7-FP13-2 is a peptide with antivirulence factor and antibacterial activity. CP7-FP13-2 inhibits the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and has good antibacterial efficacy in mice .
Rabies Virus Glycoprotein is a 29-amino-acid cell penetrating peptide derived from a rabies virus glycoprotein that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enter brain cells.
Rabies Virus Glycoprotein (TFA) is a 29-amino-acid cell penetrating peptide derived from a rabies virus glycoprotein that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enter brain cells .
GLP-1(9-36)amide is a major metabolite of glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide formed by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). GLP-1(9-36)amide acts as an antagonist to the human pancreatic GLP-1 receptor .
GLP-1(9-36)amide TFA is a major metabolite of glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide formed by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). GLP-1(9-36)amide TFA acts as an antagonist to the human pancreatic GLP-1 receptor .
Endothelin 1 (swine, human), Alexa Fluor 488-labeled is a synthetic Endothelin 1 peptide labled with Alexa Fluor 488. Endothelin 1 (swine, human) is a synthetic peptide with the sequence of human and swine Endothelin 1, which is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor. Endothelin 1 acts through two types of receptors ETA and ETB .
human GALP (3-32) (Galanin-like peptide (3-32)) is a potent galanin receptor agonist with high affinity for both GalR1 (IC50=33 nM) and GalR2 (IC50=15 nM) in a competitive binding study. human GALP (3-32) exhibits the high potency in altering the extracellular acidification rate of SH-SY5Y cells transfected with GalR2 (EC50=360 nM) .
RVG (RVG29) is a peptide derived from Rabies Virus Glycoprotein that binds to the α-7 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AchR) of neuronal cells. RVG enhances delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens to antigen-presenting cells .
RVG TFA is a peptide derived from Rabies Virus Glycoprotein that binds to the α-7 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AchR) of neuronal cells. RVG enhances delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens to antigen-presenting cells .
Galanin (1-29)(rat, mouse) is a non-selective galanin receptor agonist, with Kis of 0.98, 1.48 and 1.47 nM for GAL1, GAL2 and GAL3 respectively. Anticonvulsant effect .
Galanin (1-29)(rat, mouse) TFA is a non-selective galanin receptor agonist, with Kis of 0.98, 1.48 and 1.47 nM for GAL1, GAL2 and GAL3, respectively. Anticonvulsant effect .
Conantokin R (Con-R) is an NMDA receptor peptide antagonist with an IC50 of 93 nM. Conantokin R binds Zn 2+ and Mg 2+ with Kds of 0.15 μM and 6.5 μM, respectively. Conantokin R shows anticonvulsant activity .
Atrial natriuretic peptide (3-28) (human) (ANP (3-28) (human)) is a peptide hormone that is synthesized and secreted by the atrial myocardium. Atrial natriuretic peptide (3-28) (human) is involved in the regulation of blood pressure, fluid balance, and electrolyte homeostasis .
Taspoglutide is a long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist developed for treatment of type 2 diabetes, with an EC50 value of 0.06 nM.
Amylin (8-37), rat is a truncated analog of native Amylin that selectively inhibits insulin-related glucose uptake and glycogen deposition in muscle tissue. Amylin (8-37), rat is a weak amylin receptor (AMY) antagonist.
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway .
β-Endorphin, equine TFA is an endogenous opioid peptide, which binds at high affinity to both μ/δ opioid receptors. β-Endorphin, equine TFA has analgesic properties .
Albiglutide fragment (GLP-1 (7-36) analog) TFA is an active fragment of Albiglutide (7-36) and a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog (a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist). Albiglutide is produced by the fusion of DPP-4 resistant GLP-1 dimer with the human albumin gene. Moreover, Albiglutide fragment TFA significantly reduces glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) and is used in type 2 diabetes (T2D) studies .
Tat-beclin 1, a peptide derived from a region of the autophagy protein (beclin 1), is a potent inducer of autophagy and interacts with negative regulator of autophagy, GAPR-1 (GLIPR2). Tat-beclin 1 decreases the accumulation of polyglutamine expansion protein aggregates and the replication of several pathogens (including HIV-1) in vitro, and reduces mortality in mice infected with chikungunya (CHIKV) or West Nile virus (WNV) .
Amylin (8-37), human is a fragment of human Amylin. Amylin (8-37), human has direct vasodilator effects in the isolated mesenteric resistance artery of the rat. Human Amylin is a small hormone secreted by pancreatic β-cells that forms aggregates under insulin deficiency metabolic conditions, and it constitutes a pathological hallmark of type II diabetes mellitus .
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) TFA is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide TFA possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide TFA protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway .
Ziconotide acetate (SNX-111 acetate), a peptide, is a potent and selective block of N-type calcium channels antagonist. Ziconotide acetate reduces synaptic transmission, and can be used for chronic pain research .
Albiglutide fragment (GLP-1 (7-36) analog) is an active fragment of Albiglutide (7-36) and a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog (a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist). Albiglutide is produced by the fusion of DPP-4 resistant GLP-1 dimer with the human albumin gene. Moreover, Albiglutide fragment significantly reduces glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) and is used in type 2 diabetes (T2D) studies .
Tat-beclin 1 scrambled is the scrambled part and a scrambled control of Tat-beclin 1 (HY-P2260), which is derived from a region of the autophagy protein, beclin 1. beclin 1 induces autophagy via binding human immunodeficiency virus, HIV-1 Nef and interacting with negative regulator GAPR-1 (GLIPR2). Tat-beclin 1 decreases the accumulation of polyglutamine expansion protein aggregates and the replication of several pathogens, such as HIV-1. Tat-beclin 1 also reduces mortality in mice infected with chikungunya or West Nile virus .
Tat-beclin 1 scrambled TFA is the scrambled part and a scrambled control of Tat-beclin 1 (HY-P2260), which is derived from a region of the autophagy protein, beclin 1. beclin 1 induces autophagy via binding human immunodeficiency virus, HIV-1 Nef and interacting with negative regulator GAPR-1 (GLIPR2). Tat-beclin 1 decreases the accumulation of polyglutamine expansion protein aggregates and the replication of several pathogens, such as HIV-1. Tat-beclin 1 also reduces mortality in mice infected with chikungunya or West Nile virus .
β-Endorphin (rat) is an endogenous opioid neuropeptide and peptide hormone. β-Endorphin (rat) has analgesic activity and also contributes to food intake in satiated rats. β-Endorphin (rat) can be used in the research of neurological diseases such as analgesia and drug addiction .
Carperitide (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), human, porcine) is a 28-amino acid hormone, that is normally produced and secreted by the human heart in response to cardiac injury and mechanical stretch. Carperitide (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), human, porcine) inhibits endothelin-1 secretion in a dose-dependent way.
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), rat is a major circulating form of ANP in rats, potently inhibits Angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated endothelin-1 secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.
Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31), human is a high affinity GPR10 ligand that cause the release of the prolactin. Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31) binds to GPR10 for human and rats with Ki values of 1.03 nM and 0.33 nM, respectively. Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31) can be used for the research of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis .
Carperitide acetate (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), human, porcine acetate) is a 28-amino acid hormone, that is normally produced and secreted by the human heart in response to cardiac injury and mechanical stretch. Carperitide acetate inhibits endothelin-1 secretion in a dose-dependent way.
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), rat (TFA) is a major circulating form of ANP in rats, potently inhibits Angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated endothelin-1 secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.
Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31), human (acetate) is a high affinity GPR10 ligand that causes the release of the prolactin. Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31) binds to GPR10 for human and rats with Ki values of 1.03 nM and 0.33 nM, respectively. Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31) can be used for the research of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis .
ACTH (7-38) (human) is the 7-38 fragment of human ACTH (1-39). human ACTH (1-39), known as a corticotropin inhibitory peptide (CIP), is an antagonist of the ACTH receptor and has no any corticosteroid activity .
ND1-YL2 is a PROTAC that selectively degrades SRC-1 via the N-degron pathway. ND1-YL2 significantly inhibits cancer invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo. ND1-YL2 can be used in cancer research .
A8SGLP-1 is an orally active GLP-1 analogue that the alanine at position 8 substituted with serine. A8SGLP-1 reduces blood glucose in db/db mice without affecting its function .
A8SGLP-1 TFA is an orally active GLP-1 analogue that the alanine at position 8 substituted with serine. A8SGLP-1 TFA reduces blood glucose in db/db mice without affecting its function .
Tur1A is an antimicrobial peptide derived from bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncates. Tur1A inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes and blocking the transition from the initiation stage to the extension stage .
HBA(111-142), an antimicrobial peptide, is a C-terminal 32-mer fragment of alpha-hemoglobin. HBA(111-142) has antibacterial activity against the ESKAPE panel of pathogens. HBA(111-142) forms amyloid fibrils, and has antiviral activities. HBA(111-142) inhibits measles and herpes viruses (HSV-1, HSV-2, HCMV) .
ω-Conotoxin Bu8 is a ω-conotoxin, which consists of 25 amino acid residues and three disulfide bridges. ω-Conotoxin Bu8 selectively and potently inhibits depolarization-activated Ba2+ currents mediated by rat CaV2.2 expressed in HEK293T cells (IC50= 89 nM) .
retro-inverso TAT-Beclin 1 D-amino acid is has higher activity and resistance to proteolytic degradation in vivo compared to L-amino acids peptide. TAT-Beclin 1 can induce autophagy in peripheral tissues in adult mice as well as in the central nervous system of neonatal mice .
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (1-28), human, porcine, Biotin-labeled, one of three mammalian natriuretic peptides (NPs), has endocrine effects on fluid homeostasis and blood pressure. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide has the potential for cardiovascular diseases research .
ω-Conotoxin MVIID (SNX-238) is a Conus peptide that blocks an ω-Conotoxin-GVIA-sensitive, high-threshold Ca 2+ current in fish retinal ganglion cells .
ω-Conotoxin CVIB is a non-selective N- and P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) antagonist. ω-Conotoxin CVIB inhibits depolarization-activated whole-cell VGCC currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons with a pIC50 of 7.64 .
ω-Conotoxin FVIA is an N-type Ca 2+channel (Ca v 2.2)
inhibitor. ω-Conotoxin FVIA reduces mechanical and thermal pain abnormalities
in a rat model of caudal nerve injury. ω-Conotoxin FVIA can be used in the
study of highly effective pain relievers with low side effects
.
GLP-1 (7-36)-Lys(biotinyl) amide (human, bovine, guinea pig, mouse, rat) is a biotinylated GLP-1 fragment, corresponding to the 7-36 sequence of GLP-1.
Garvicin KS, GakB is a peptide at sizes of 34 amino acids to form bacteriocin garvicin KS (GarKS), with other 2 peptides, GakA, and GakC. Garvicin KS, GakB inhibits fibroblast viability and proliferation. Garvicin KS, GakB with GakA, is a potent combination with good peptide stability, antimicrobial efficacy, and fibroblast viability/proliferation effects. Garvicin KS peptides inhibit MSSA with MIC values in the order GakB >GakC >GakA .
ω-Conotoxin CVIF is a selective Cav2.2 channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 34.3 nM in rat isolated DRG neurons. ω-Conotoxin CVIF block of Cav2.2 channels is weakly reversible .
ω-Conotoxin MVIIC TFA is a N- and P/Q-type Ca 2+ channel blocker, significantly suppresses the 11-keto-βboswellic acid-mediated inhibition of glutamate release .
ProTx II is a selective blocker of Nav1.7 sodium channels with an IC50 of 0.3 nM, and is at least 100-fold selective for Nav1.7 over other sodium channel subtypes. ProTx-II inhibits sodium channels by decreasing channel conductance and shifting activation to more positive potentials and blocks action potential propagation in nociceptors .
ω-Conotoxin SO3 is a blocker of N-type voltage-sensitive calcium channel. ω-Conotoxin SO3 is an analgesicω-conotoxin that can be isolated from the venom of C. striatus .
ProTx II TFA is a selective blocker of Nav1.7 sodium channels with an IC50 of 0.3 nM, and is at least 100-fold selective for Nav1.7 over other sodium channel subtypes. ProTx-II inhibits sodium channels by decreasing channel conductance and shifting activation to more positive potentials and blocks action potential propagation in nociceptors .
GsAF-I is a potent Nav and hERG1 channels blocker with IC50s of 0.36, 0.6, 1.28, 0.33, 1.2, 0.04 and 4.8 μM against Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Nav1.3, Nav1.4, Nav1.6, Nav1.7 and hERG1, respectively .
RG33 Peptide is a diabetes inhibitor that significantly improves glucose clearance in insulin-resistant mice. RG33 Peptide effectively solubilizes lipid vesicles and promotes cholesterol efflux in cultured macrophages. RG33 Peptide is used in research into type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
Jingzhaotoxin-V, a 29-residue polypeptide, is derived from the venom of the spider Chilobrachys jingzhao. Jingzhaotoxin-V inhibits tetrodotoxin-resistant and tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons with IC50 values of 27.6 nM and 30.2 nM, respectively. Jingzhaotoxin-V also inhibits Kv4.2 potassium currents expressed in Xenpus Laevis oocytes (IC50 of 604.2 nM) .
Calcitonin (human) is a hypocalcemic hormone. Calcitonin can lower blood calcium levels and inhibit bone resorption. Calcitonin can be used in hypercalcemia or osteoporosis research .
C34 peptide is a biological active peptide. (This C34 peptide, also known as HR2, belongs to the helical region of gp41 of HIV, C-terminal heptad repeat 2 (HR2) defined as C helix or C peptide. It is known that HIV-1 enters cells by membrane fusion, C34 gp41 peptide is a potent inhibitors of HIV-1 fusion.)
Heteropodatoxin-2, a peptides of 30-amino acid, is a heteropodatoxin. Heteropodatoxin-2 blocks Kv4.2 current expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes in a voltage-dependent manner, with less block at more positive potentials .
PTPσ Inhibitor, ISP can bind to recombinant human PTPs and inhibits PTPσ signaling. PTPσ Inhibitor, ISP can penetrate the membrane and relieves the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG)-mediated axonal sprouting inhibition in spinal cord injury model. PTPσ Inhibitor, ISP enhances remyelination in LPC-induced demyelinated spinal cord. PTPσ Inhibitor, ISP also promotes oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) migration, maturation, remyelination, and functional recovery in animal models of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) .
Xenopus orexin A is a neuropeptides that identified as an endogenous ligands for an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor. Xenopus orexin A is a potent agonist of OX1R .
Heteropodatoxin-2 (TFA), a peptides of 30-amino acid, is a heteropodatoxin. Heteropodatoxin-2 blocks Kv4.2 current expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes in a voltage-dependent manner, with less block at more positive potentials .
Calcitonin salmon, a calcium regulating hormone, is a dual-action amylin and calcitonin receptor agonist, could stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption.
Cotadutide (MEDI0382) acetate is a potent dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GCGR with EC50 values of 6.9 pM and 10.2 pM, respectively. Cotadutide acetate exhibits ability to facilitate both weight loss and glycaemic control, and alleviate fibrosis. Cotadutide acetate can be used in the research of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
β-Amyloid (1-37) (human) correlates moderately with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in Alzheimer disease. β-Amyloid (1-37) (human) possesses an added diagnostic value .
Ecnoglutide (XW003) is a long-acting, cAMP-biased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. Ecnoglutide can be used for research of T2DM and obesity .
Cotadutide (MEDI0382) is a potent dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GCGR with EC50 values of 6.9 pM and 10.2 pM, respectively. Cotadutide exhibits ability to facilitate both weight loss and glycaemic control, and alleviate fibrosis. Cotadutide can be used in the research of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
GrTx1 is a peptide toxin originally isolated from the venom of the spider Grammostola rosea. GrTx1 blocks sodium channel， with IC50s of 0.63 µM, 0.23 µM, 0.77 µM, 1.29 µM, 0.63 µM and 0.37 µM for Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Nav1.3, Nav1.4, Nav1.6 and Nav1.7, repectively .GrTx1 can be used for neurological disease research .
r8-Gly-Noxa A BH3 is a biological active peptide. (This cell permeable peptide is derived from the BH3 domain (a death domain) of Noxa A, amino acid residues 17 to 36. Eight D-Arginine residues and a Glycine linker residue are added to the amino terminal of the peptide.)
Glp-Amyloid-β (3-40) Peptide (human) (AβpE3-40) is a minor amounts of pyroglutamate-modified Aβ isolated from from 24-month-old Amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic Mice .
Urocortin II, mouse is a potent and selective endogenous peptide agonist of type-2 corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF2) receptor with Ki values of 0.66 nM and ﹥100 nM for CRFR2 and CRFR1, respectively. Urocortin II, mouse activates CRF2 receptors in a cAMP/PKA- and Ca 2+/CaMKII-dependent manner.Urocortin II, mouse is expressed in discrete areas of the central nervous system, and activates central neurons involved in the processing of visceral sensory information, and in modulating autonomic outflow .
PP102 is an antimicrobial peptide is active against gram-positive B. subtilis (MIC: 25 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 13.3 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 63 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 23 uM) .
Copeptin (human) is a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Copeptin (human) is also the carboxyl terminus of the arginine vasopressin (AVP) precursor peptide. Copeptin (human) can be used in the study of cardiovascular disease .
JNK-IN-15, Cell-Permeable, Negative Control is a negative control of JNK-IN-15, Cell-Permeable (HY-P10140). JNK-IN-15, Cell-Permeable is an inhibitor of JNK .
JNK-IN-15, Cell-Permeable (JNK inhibitor III) is an inhibitor of JNK. JNK-IN-15, Cell-Permeable can used in study age-related neurodegenerative diseasev .
Liraglutide- 13C6, 15N (TFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014). Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) (Hypocretin-1 (human, rat, mouse)), a 33 amino acid excitatory neuropeptide, orchestrates diverse central and peripheral processes. Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) is a specific, high-affinity agonist for G-protein-coupled receptor OX1R. Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) has a role in the regulation of feeding behavior. Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) is an effective anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperalgesic agent in mice and rats .
APTSTAT3-9R, a specific STAT3-binding peptide, inhibits STAT3 activation and downstream signaling by specifically blocking STAT3 phosphorylation. APTSTAT3-9R exerts antiproliferative effects and antitumor activity .
ProTx-I, a venom toxin of the tarantula Thrixopelma pruriens, is a potent, selective CaV3.1 channel blocker with IC50 values of 0.2 μM and 31.8 μM for hCaV3.1 and hCaV3.2 respectively. ProTx-I is also a potent blocker for voltage-gated Na + channels and inhibits KV 2.1 channels .
Huwentoxin-IV is a potent and selective sodium channel blocker, inhibits neuronal Nav1.7, Nav1.2, Nav1.3 and Nav1.4 with IC50s of 26, 150, 338 and 400 nM, respectively. Huwentoxin-IV preferentially blocks peripheral nerve subtype Nav1.7 by binding neurotoxin receptor site 4. Huwentoxin-IV has analgesic effects on animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain .
Huwentoxin-IV TFA is a potent and selective sodium channel blocker, inhibits neuronal Nav1.7, Nav1.2, Nav1.3 and Nav1.4 with IC50s of 26, 150, 338 and 400 nM, respectively. Huwentoxin-IV TFA preferentially blocks peripheral nerve subtype Nav1.7 by binding neurotoxin receptor site 4. Huwentoxin-IV TFA has analgesic effects on animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain .
PR-39 TFA, a natural proline- and arginine-rich antibacterial peptide, is a noncompetitive, reversible and allosteric proteasome inhibitor. PR-39 TFAreversibly binds to the α7 subunit of the proteasome and blocks degradation of NF-κB inhibitor IκBα by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. PR-39 TFA stimulates angiogenesis, inhibits inflammatory responses and significant reduces myocardial infarct size in mice .
GIP (3-42), human acts as a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor antagonist, moderating the insulin secreting and metabolic actions of GIP in vivo .
BeKm-1 TFA is a potent and selective KV11.1 (hERG) channel blocker. BeKm-1 TFA is selective for KV11.1 over a panel of 14 other potassium channels. BeKm-1 TFA dose-dependently prolongs QTc interval in isolated rabbit heart.
Guangxitoxin 1E is a potent and selective blocker of KV2.1 and KV2.2 channels. Guangxitoxin 1E inhibits KV2 with an IC50 of 1-3 nM. KV2 channels underlie delayed-rectifier potassium currents in various neurons .
Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R), a chimeric peptide consisting of 29 amino acids, is synthesized by adding nona-arginine motif to the carboxy terminus of RVG (rabies virus glycoprotein). Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R) is positively charged and able to bind negatively charged nucleic acids via charge interaction .
(Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) is the predominant amyloid β-peptide structure deposited in human brain of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome patients. (Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) is suggested to accumulate in the brain and to trigger the formation of insoluble amyloid β-peptide deposits .
Tamapin is a venom peptide, targeting to small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels. Tamapin is a selctive blocker of SK2 (Potassium Channel). Tamapin inhibits SK channel-mediated currents in pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. Tamapin can be isolated from the Indian red scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus) .
Liraglutide- 13C5, 15N (tetraTFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014) . Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
Tamapin TFA is a venom peptide, targeting to small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels. Tamapin TFA is a selctive blocker of SK2 (Potassium Channel). Tamapin TFA inhibits SK channel-mediated currents in pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. Tamapin TFA can be isolated from the Indian red scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus) .
Scrambled β-amyloid (1-40) is a biological active peptide. (Aβ (1-40) together with Aβ (1-42) are two major C-terminal variants of the Aβ protein constituting the majority of Aβs. These undergo post-secretory aggregation and deposition in the Alzheimer’s disease brain. This peptide is the scrambled sequence of Abeta 1-40 HY-P0265)
(Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) TFA is the predominant amyloid β-peptide structure deposited in human brain of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome patients. (Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) TFA is suggested to accumulate in the brain and to trigger the formation of insoluble amyloid β-peptide deposits .
Jingzhaotoxin XI (JZTX-XI) is a sodium conductance inhibitor with an IC50 of 124 nM. Jingzhaotoxin XI slows the fast inactivation (EC50=1.18±0.2 μM) of Nav1.5 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells .
Citrullinated amyloid-β (1-40) peptide (human) (Citrullinated Aβ (1-40)) is a modified form of β-Amyloid (1-40) (HY-P0265) with a citrullination at the Arg5 site. Citrullinated amyloid-β (1-40) peptide (human) exhibits increased transient formation of soluble oligomers and insoluble aggregates composed of distorted parallel β-sheets compared with unmodified β-Amyloid (1-40) .
μ-TRTX-Hd1a, a spider venom, is a selective NaV 1.7 inhibitor. μ-TRTX-Hd1a is a gating modifier that inhibits human NaV 1.7 by interacting with the S3b-S4 paddle motif in channel domain II .
GTx1-15 is an inhibitor cystine knot (ICK) peptide that inhibits the voltage-dependent calcium channel Cav3.1 and the voltage-dependent sodium channels Nav1.3 and Nav1.7 .
Jingzhaotoxin-IX, a C-terminally amidated peptide composed of 35 amino acid residues, is a neurotoxin. Jingzhaotoxin-IX inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels (both tetrodotoxin-resistant and tetrodotoxin-sensitive isoforms) and Kv2.1 channel. Jingzhaotoxin-IX has no effect on delayed rectifier potassium channel Kv1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 .
NN1177 (NNC9204-1177) TFA is a long-acting GLP-1/glucagon receptor co-agonist. NN1177 TFA can induce a dose-dependent body weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice .
β-Amyloid (42-1), human is the inactive form of Amyloid β Peptide (1-42). β-Amyloid (42-1), human is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
Amylin, amide, rat is a potent and high affinity ligand of Amylin receptor AMY1 and AMY3 receptors and variably of AMY2 receptors; binding studies are generally used for the latter receptor.
Amylin, amide, human, a 37-amino acid polypeptide, is a pancreatic hormone cosecreted with insulin that exerts unique roles in metabolism and glucose homeostasis. Amylin, amide, human inhibits glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and acts as a satiety agent .
Urotensin I (Catostomus urotensin I), a CRF-like neuropeptide, acts as an agonist of CRF receptor with pEC50s of 11.46, 9.36 and 9.85 for human CRF1, human CRF2 and rat CRF2α receptors in CHO cells, and Kis of 0.4, 1.8, and 5.7 nM for hCRF1, rCRF2α and mCRF2β receptors, respectively .
Amylin (IAPP), feline is a 37-amino acid polypeptide from feline. Amylin (IAPP), feline is one of the major secretory products of β-cells of the pancreatic islets. Amylin (IAPP), feline is a regulatory peptide, which inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion .
Amylin, amide, human TFA, a 37-amino acid polypeptide, is a pancreatic hormone cosecreted with insulin that exerts unique roles in metabolism and glucose homeostasis. Amylin, amide, human TFA inhibits glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and acts as a satiety agent .
β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) is more prone to aggregation and has higher toxic properties than the long-known Aβ1-42. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) shows a correlation with both sAPPα and sAPPβ. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) could be considered an added Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker together with the others already in use .
β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA is more prone to aggregation and has higher toxic properties than the long-known Aβ1-42. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA shows a correlation with both sAPPα and sAPPβ. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA could be considered an added Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker together with the others already in use .
Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is a 37-amino acid polypeptide from feline. Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is one of the major secretory products of β-cells of the pancreatic islets. Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is a regulatory peptide, which inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion .
Urotensin I (Catostomus urotensin I) TFA, a CRF-like neuropeptide, acts as an agonist of CRF receptor with pEC50s of 11.46, 9.36 and 9.85 for human CRF1, human CRF2 and rat CRF2α receptors in CHO cells, and Kis of 0.4, 1.8, and 5.7 nM for hCRF1, rCRF2α and mCRF2β receptors, respectively .
Vosoritide (BMN 111) is a modified recombinant CNP (C-type natriuretic peptide) analogue, binds to NPR-B (natriuretic peptide receptor type B) and reduces the activity of FGFR3 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3). Vosoritide can be used in achondroplasia and dwarfism research .
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-40) (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-40) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-40) is a primary protein in plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease[1].
(Gln22)-Amyloid β-Protein (1-42) is a Dutch mutation (E22Q) form of β-Amyloid (1-42) (HY-P1363). (Gln22)-Amyloid β-Protein (1-42) exhibits enhanced fibrillogenic and pathogenic properties .
Vosoritide (BMN 111) acetate is a natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) agonist that acts on the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes to promote bone growth .
ShK toxin blocks voltage-dependent potassium channel (Kv1.3 channel). ShK toxin can be isolated from the whole body extract of the Caribbean sea anemone (Stichodactylu helianthus). ShK toxin competes with dendrotoxin I and α-dendrotoxin for binding to synaptosomal membranes of rat brain, facilitates acetylcholine release. ShK toxin suppresses K+ currents in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. ShK toxin also inhibits T lymphocyte proliferation .
Stromatoxin 1 is an inhibitor of Potassium Channel, a peptide which can be isolated from tarantulas. Stromatoxin 1 selectively inhibits K(V)2.1, K(V)2.2, K(V)4.2, and K(V)2.1/9.3 channels. K(V)2.1 and K(V)2.2, but not K(V)4.2, channel subunits play a key role in opposing both myogenic and neurogenic urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM) contractions in rats .
Iberiotoxin (TFA) is a selective high conductance high conductance Ca 2+-activated K + channel inhibitor with a Kd of ~1 nM. Iberiotoxin (TFA) does not block other types of voltage-dependent ion channels .
Biotin-β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Biotin-Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is the botin labeled β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (HY-P1363). β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
Tap1a (Theraphotoxin-Tap1a) is a spider venom peptide that inhibits sodium channels with IC50s of 80 nM and 301 nM against Nav1.7 and Nav1.1, respectively. Tap1a shows analgesic effects .
mHuwentoxin-IV is a naturally modified Huwentoxin-IV (HY-P1220). mHuwentoxin-IV inhibits tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) voltage-gated sodium channels of dorsal root ganglion neurons with an IC50 of 54.16 nM. mHuwentoxin-IV inhibition of tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium channels is not reversed by strong depolarization voltages .
Citrullinated amyloid-β (1-42) peptide (human) (Citrullinated Aβ (1-42)) is a modified form of β-Amyloid (1-42) (HY-P1363) with a citrullination at the Arg5 site. Compared to the unmodified β-Amyloid (1-42), its formation of soluble low-molecular-weight oligomers is enhanced, the rate of fibril formation is reduced, and like unmodified Aβ42, it forms protofibrils comprised of parallel β-sheets .
Bactenecin 5 is a bovine antibacterial peptide. Bactenecin 5 is active against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. T, with MIC values of 12-25 μg/mL .
PP113 is an antimicrobial peptide is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, E.coli (MIC: 73.3 uM), B. subtilis (MIC: 23.3 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 13 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 16.7 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 23.3 uM) .
Phlo1b (μ-TrTx-Phlo1b) is a peptide toxin contains 35-amino acid residues. Phlo1b is a selective Nav1.7 inhibitor. Phlo1b has a weak inhibitory effect on Nav1.2 and Nav1.5 .
Phlo1a (μ-TrTx-Phlo1a) is a peptide toxin contains 35-amino acid residues. Phlo1b is a selective Nav1.7 inhibitor. Phlo1a has a weak inhibitory effect on Nav1.2 and Nav1.5 .
Chlorotoxin is a 36 amino-acid peptide from the venom of the Israeli scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus with anticancer activity. Chlorotoxin is a chloride channel blocker.
Chlorotoxin TFA is a peptide isolated from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus, acts as a chloride channel blocker . Anti-cancer activity .
Margatoxin, an alpha-KTx scorpion toxin, is a high affinity inhibitor of Kv1.3 (Kd=11.7 pM). Margatoxin inhibits the Kv1.2 (Kd=6.4 pM) and Kv1.1 (Kd=4.2 nM). Margatoxin, a 39 amino-acid-long peptide, is isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides margaritatus and widely used in ion channel research .
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-42), human (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-42) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease[1].
Jingzhaotoxin-III is a potent and selective blocker of Nav1.5 channels, with an IC50 of 348 nM, and shows no effect on other sodium channel isoforms. Jingzhaotoxin-III can selectively inhibit the activation of cardiac sodium channel but not neuronal subtypes, and hopefully represents an important ligand for discriminating cardiac VGSC subtype .
AmmTX3 is a peptide toxin that can be isolated from the venom of the scorpion Androctonus mauretanicus. AmmTX3 is specific blocker of Kv4 channel. AmmTX3 inhibits the A-type K + current (Ki: 131 nM) .
ω-Hexatoxin-Hv1a is a neurotoxin that can be isolated from the venom spider (Hadronyche versuta).ω-Hexatoxin-Hv1a blocks voltage-gated calcium channels .
Hainantoxin-IV is a specific antagonist of Sodium Channel, targeting to tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) voltage-gated sodium channels. His28 and Lys32 are the key resiudes of Hainantoxin-IV for binding with target, while Hainantoxin-IV adopts an inhibitor cystine knot motif .
Margatoxin TFA, an alpha-KTx scorpion toxin, is a high affinity inhibitor of Kv1.3 (Kd=11.7 pM). Margatoxin TFA inhibits the Kv1.2 (Kd=6.4 pM) and Kv1.1 (Kd=4.2 nM). Margatoxin TFA, a 39 amino-acid-long peptide, is isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides margaritatus and widely used in ion channel research .
Aa1 toxin, a neurotoxic peptide that can be obtained from the venom of Androctonus australis Garzoni, is a specific potassium channel blocker. Aa1 toxin can be used in the study of neurological diseases .
Slotoxin, a peptide from Centruroides noxius Hoffmann scorpion venom, blocks high conductance calcium-activated potassium channel, with Kd of 1.5 nM[1].
Hongotoxin-1, isolated from venom of Centruroides limbatus, is the inhibitor of potassium channel, with IC50 for? Kv1.1, Kv1.2, Kv1.3, and Kv1.6 of 31 pM, 170 pM, 86 pM,and 6000 pM, respectively .
HsTX1, from the scorpion Heterometrus spinnifer, is a 34-residue, C-terminally amidated peptide cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. HsTX1, an the inhibitor of potassium channel, with IC50 for Kv1.3 of 12 pM inhibits TEM cell activation and attenuates inflammation in autoimmunity .
Palicourein is a 37 amino acid cyclic polypeptide. Palicourein inhibits the in vitro cytopathic effects of HIV-1RF infection of CEM-SS cells with an EC50 value of 0.1 μM and an IC50 value of 1.5 μM .
HsTX1 (TFA) toxin, from the scorpion Heterometrus spinnifer, is a 34-residue, C-terminally amidated peptide cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. HsTX1 (TFA) is an the inhibitor of potassium channel, with IC50 for Kv1.3 of 12 pM and inhibits TEM cell activation and attenuates inflammation in autoimmunity .
FOXO4-DRI is a cell-permeable peptide antagonist that blocks the interaction of FOXO4 and p53. FOXO4-DRI is a senolytic peptide that induces apoptosis of senescent cells .
FOXO4-DRI acetate is a cell-permeable peptide antagonist that blocks the interaction of FOXO4 and p53. FOXO4-DRI acetate is a senolytic peptide that induces apoptosis of senescent cells .
AmmTX3 TFA is a peptide toxin that can be isolated from the venom of the scorpion Androctonus mauretanicus. AmmTX3 TFA is specific blocker of Kv4 channel. AmmTX3 TFA inhibits the A-type K + current (Ki: 131 nM) .
Myoregulin (MLN peptide) is a member of the regulin family. Myoregulin regulates muscle performance by modulating intracellular calcium handling. Myoregulin interactes directly with sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase (SERCA) and impedinf Ca 2+ uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum .
Myoregulin (MLN peptide) TFA is a member of the regulin family. Myoregulin TFA regulates muscle performance by modulating intracellular calcium handling. Myoregulin TFA interactes directly with sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase (SERCA) and impedinf Ca 2+ uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum .
Human β-defensin-2 (HβD-2) is a small cysteine-rich cationic skin-antimicrobial peptide (SAP) produced by a number of epithelial cells.Human β-defensin-2 has antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria and Candida, but not gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus . Human β-defensin-2 can be used for the study of colitis .
Crotamine is a Na + channel modulator. Crotamine is a 42 amino acid toxin cross-linked by three disulfide bridges. Crotamine has analgesic activity. Crotamine also interacts with lipid membranes and shows myonecrotic activity. Crotamine can be isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom .
Pezadeftide is a potent antifungal peptide. Pezadeftide can enter fungal cells and cause a rapid mitochondrial response that results in hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane .
Cacaoidin is a glycosylated lantibiotic isolated from a Streptomyces cacaoi strain. Cacaoidin has potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive pathogens including Clostridium difficile .
Kisspeptin-54(human) (Metastin(human)) is an endogenous ligand for kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Kisspeptin-54(human) binds to rat and human GPR54 receptors with Ki values of 1.81 nM and 1.45 nM, respectively. Kisspeptin-54(human) hinders tumor metastasis and stimulates gonadotropin secretion .
Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA (Metastin(human) TFA) is an endogenous ligand for kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA binds to rat and human GPR54 receptors with Ki values of 1.81 nM and 1.45 nM, respectively. Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA hinders tumor metastasis and stimulates gonadotropin secretion .
ω-Agatoxin IVA is a potent, selective P/Q type Ca 2+ (Cav2.1) channel blocker with IC50s of 2 nM and 90 nM for P-type and Q-type Ca 2+ channels, respectively. ω-Agatoxin IVA (IC50, 30-225 nM) inhibits glutamate exocytosis and calcium influx elicited by high potassium. ω-Agatoxin IVA also blocks the high potassium-induced release of serotonin and norepinephrine. ω-Agatoxin IVA has no effect on L-type or N-type calcium channels .
ω-Agatoxin TK, a peptidyl toxin of the venom of Agelenopsis aperta, is a potent and selective P/Q type Ca 2+ channel blocker. ω-Agatoxin TK inhibits the high K + depolarisation-induced rise in internal Ca 2+ in cerebral isolated nerve endings with an IC50 of of 60 nM. ω-Agatoxin TK has no effect on L-type, N-type, or T-type calcium channels .
Echistatin, the smallest active RGD protein belonging to the family of disintegrins that are derived from snake venoms, is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Echistatin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption in culture. Echistatin is a potent antagonist of αIIbβ3, αvβ3 and α5β1 .
Echistatin TFA, the smallest active RGD protein belonging to the family of disintegrins that are derived from snake venoms, is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Echistatin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption in culture. Echistatin is a potent antagonist of αIIbβ3, αvβ3 and α5β1 .
ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA is a potent, selective P/Q type Ca 2+ (Cav2.1) channel blocker with IC50s of 2 nM and 90 nM for P-type and Q-type Ca 2+ channels, respectively. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA (IC50, 30-225 nM) inhibits glutamate exocytosis and calcium influx elicited by high potassium. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA also blocks the high potassium-induced release of serotonin and norepinephrine. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA has no effect on L-type or N-type calcium channels .
Anthopleurin-A is a soidum channel toxin. Anthopleurin-A is selective for cardiac channels and has cardiotonic effect. Anthopleurin-A can be isolated from the sea anemone .
Anthopleurin-A TFA is a soidum channel toxin. Anthopleurin-A TFA is selective for cardiac channels and has cardiotonic effect. Anthopleurin-A TFA can be isolated from the sea anemone .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), human is the 1-53 fragment of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide is natriuretic peptide family peptide that is involved in the maintenance of electrolyte-fluid balance and vascular tone .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), human TFA is the 1-53 fragment of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide TFA is natriuretic peptide family peptide that is involved in the maintenance of electrolyte-fluid balance and vascular tone .
Tau Peptide (255-314) (Repeat 2 Domain) (human) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Mambalgin-2 (Mamb-2) is an acid-sensitive ion channels (ASICs) inhibitor and a venom peptide. Mambalgin-2 can be obtained from the venom of the African black mamba. Mambalgin-2 can be used in the study of pain and neurological diseases .
ACV1 (Vc1.1), an α-Conotoxin, is a selective α9α10 nAChR antagonist with an IC50 of 19 nM. ACV1 is ~100-fold less potent on human α9α10 vs. rat nAChRs .
Ecallantide (DX-88) is a specific plasma kallikrein inhibitor. Ecallantide inhibits the production of bradykinin. Ecallantide can be used to prevent acute attacks of angioedema .
Ecallantide (DX-88) TFA is a specific recombinant plasma kallikrein inhibitor. Ecallantide inhibits the production of bradykinin. Ecallantide may be used to prevent acute attacks of angioedema .
MmTx2 toxin is a GABAA receptor modulator that enhances GABAA receptor sensitivity to agonists. MmTx2 toxin can be obtained from venom of coral snake. MmTx2 toxin can be used in the study of neurological diseases such as epilepsy, schizophrenia and chronic pain .
κ-Bungarotoxin (κ-Bgt) is a potent, selective, and slowly reversible antagonist of α3β2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with an IC50 of 2.30 nM .
DNP-X, SE (6-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)aminohexanoic acid, succinimidyl ester), the DNP-X acid modified by succinimidyl ester, is an amine-reactive building block for developing a probe, which can be recognized by anti-DNP antibodies. DNP-X, SE (6-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)aminohexanoic acid, succinimidyl ester) is also an excellent amine-reactive FRET quencher paired with Trp or Tyr.
MeO-Succ-Arg-Pro-Tyr-AMC is an analogue of 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (HY-D0027). MeO-Succ-Arg-Pro-Tyr-AMC is a sensitive fluorescent substrate chymotrypsin-like protease. (λex=341 nm, λem=441 nm).
DNP-X acid (6-((2,4-Dinitrophenyl)amino)hexanoic acid), an amine-reactive building block for developing a probe, can be recognized by anti-DNP antibodies. DNP-X acid is also an excellent amine-reactive FRET quencher paired with Trp or Tyr.
Diethyl pyrocarbonate is a potent, orally active, non-specific chemical inhibitor of RNase. Diethyl pyrocarbonate has been useful in vitro as an agent relatively specific for binding to imidazole of histidine. Diethyl pyrocarbonate inhibits central chemosensitivity in rabbits. Diethyl pyrocarbonate can modify Ser, Thr, His and Tyr residues. Diethyl pyrocarbonate can be used for modeling .
Human milk lysozyme is the lysozyme found in human milk. Human milk lysozyme is thought to be a key defense factor in protecting the gastrointestinal tract of newborns against bacterial infection .
Tyr0-Neurokinin A is a neuropeptide belongs to tachykinin peptide family. Tyr0-Neurokinin A is an agonist of Tacr2. Tyr0-Neurokinin A can be used in the research of insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes .
(Tyr0)-Urocortin, rat is a high-affinity agonist of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 1 (CRF-R1) and type 2 (CRF-R2). (Tyr0)-Urocortin, rat shows inhibitory binding constants (Ki) of 1-2 nM .
(Tyr1)-pTH (1-34) (human) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Tyr27)-α-CGRP (27-37) (canine, mouse, rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Tyr-Uroguanylin (mouse, rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Tyrosylhistidine is a dipeptide consisting of tyrosine and histidine (Tyr-His). Tyrosylhistidine is an orally active antihypertensive peptide. Tyrosylhistidine reduces blood pressure in mice in a model of spontaneous hypertension .
Tyrosyltryptophan is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Tyrosylvaline is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Tyrosinase-related Protein 2 (TRP-2) (181-188) is a tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2)-derived peptide, corresponding to residues 180-188. Tyrosinase-related Protein 2 (TRP-2) (181-188) is the major reactive epitope within TRP-2 recognized by anti-B16 CTLs. Tyrosinase-related Protein 2 (TRP-2) (181-188) is a peptide conforming to the MHC class I H2-Kb binding motif .
[Tyr11]-Somatostatin is a neuroavtive peptide for proteomics research. Somatostatin is one of many neuroactive substances that influence retinal physiology .
H-Ser-Tyr-OH is a dipeptide consisting of glutamic acid, glycine and histidine. H-Ser-Tyr-OH can form a copper(II) complex with copper ions to form a strong free radical scavenging activity. H-Ser-Tyr-OH also increases the intracellular uptake of the delta opioid receptor ligand deltorphin .
H-Tyr-Lys-OH is a dipeptide that can be used as a biomarker for AJH-1. H-Tyr-Lys-OH has a good binding affinity to angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) .
[Tyr8] Bradykinin is a B2 kinin receptor agonist. [Tyr8] Bradykinin also stimulates ERK1/2 phosphorylation. [Tyr8] Bradykinin can be used as an internal standard .
(Phe13,Tyr19)-MCH (human, mouse, rat) is a potent SLC-1 and S643b receptor ligand. (Phe13,Tyr19)-MCH (human, mouse, rat) can be used as an agonist for SLC-1 and S643b receptor .
Gly-Ala-Tyr is a tripeptide composed of L-glycine, alanine and L-tyrosine joined in sequence by peptide linkages. Ala-Gly-Tyr is functionally related to L-alanine, glycine and L-tyrosine.
Arg-Gly-Tyr-Ser-Leu-Gly is corresponding to the sequence of residues from 21 through 26 in lysozyme. Arg-Gly-Tyr-Ser-Leu-Gly can be used as a substrate for the protein kinase, and phosphorylated at serine residue by protein kinase .
(D-Trp12,Tyr34)-pTH (7-34) amide (bovine) is a potent and competitive antagonist of parathyroid hormone (PTH), with a Ki of 69 nM in bovine renal cortical membrane. (D-Trp12,Tyr34)-pTH (7-34) amide (bovine) can be used for growth and development regulation .
H-Pro-Phe-Thr-Arg-Asn-Tyr-Tyr-Val-Arg-Ala-Val-Leu-His-Leu-OH is an peptide. H-Pro-Phe-Thr-Arg-Asn-Tyr-Tyr-Val-Arg-Ala-Val-Leu-His-Leu-OH can be used for the research of various biochemical studies .
Suc-Leu-Tyr-AMC is a fluorometric peptide substrate for µ-calpain and m-calpain. The excitation wavelength is 360 nm and the emission wavelength is 460 nm .
H-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-NH2 is a hexapeptide that is an essential fragment of laminin responsible for efficient cell adhesion and receptor binding. H-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-NH2 promotes various epithelial cell adhesion activities .
γ-Glu-Tyr, a competitive inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) (IC50=6.77 mM), is a potentially functional component of the type 2 diabetes diet .
EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate, a biologically active peptide, is a tyrosine phosphate substrate. EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate can be used to detect protein tyrosine phosphatases activity .
[D-Trp8,Tyr11] Somatostatin is an analogue of somatostatin. Somatostatin is a hormone that regulates a variety of bodily functions. DTrp8 residue can increase stability .
[Tyr8,Nle11] Substance P is a Substance P (HY-P0201) analog. Substance P is a peptide mainly secreted by neurons and is involved in many biological processes, including nociception and inflammation .
(Nle8,18,Tyr34)-pTH (1-34) (human) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
H-Tyr-Ile-OH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(d(CH2)51,Tyr(Me)2,Orn8)-Oxytocin (OVT) is an oxytocin receptor antagonist. (d(CH2)51,Tyr(Me)2,Orn8)-Oxytocin can be used for the research of neurological disease .
H-Glu-Tyr-Glu-OH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Glu-Thr-Tyr-Ser-Lys is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Abz-Nle-Lys-Arg-Arg-Ser-3-(NO2)Tyr is a DEN NS2B-NS3 protease substrate. Abz-Nle-Lys-Arg-Arg-Ser-3-(NO2)Tyr is used for DEN NS2B-NS3 protease substrate peptide selective inhibitor development .
H-Tyr-Phe-OH (L-Tyrosyl-L-phenylalanine) is an orally active inhibitor of Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), with an inhibiton rate of 48% at 50 μM. H-Tyr-Phe-OH can be used as an biomarker for differentiating benign thyroid nodules (BTN) from thyroid cancer (TC). H-Tyr-Phe-OH exhibits xanthine oxidase inhibition (uric acid lowering) activity and serves as regulator in IL-8 production in neutrophil-like cells .
EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate, a biologically active peptide, is a tyrosine phosphate substrate. EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate can be used to detect protein tyrosine phosphatases activity .
[Tyr0] Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (23-42), human, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion that also stimulates insulin secretion. [Tyr0] Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (23-42), human can be used in diabetes, obesity research .
[Leu8,D-Trp22,Tyr25] Somatostatin-28 is the analog of Somatostatin-28. Somatostatin-28 is a intestinal peptide containing somatostatin in its C-terminal portion .
EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate, a biologically active peptide, is a tyrosine phosphate substrate. EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate can be used to detect protein tyrosine phosphatases activity .
Ac-Val-Tyr-Lys-NH2 is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
[Tyr(P)4] Angiotensin II is a peptide that has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contraction of normal arteries and hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cultured cells or diseased vessels .
Ac-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Val-Val-NH2 is a substrato peptídico of HIV-1 protease. Ac-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Val-Val-NH2 acts as the variable substrate in a peptidolytic assay to quantify the inhibition of the protease .
(Ile5,Trp23,Tyr36)-pTH-Related Protein (1-36) (human, mouse, rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Cbz-Tyr-Ala-OH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Ac-Tyr-Val-Lys-Asp-aldehyde is a caspase-1 inhibitor, can be used for disease research including anemia-associated to chronic diseases, chemotherapy-induced anemia and Diamond-Blackfan anemia .
[Tyr22] Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide, (22-37), rat is a fragments 22-37 of rat calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), targeting CGRP receptor and adenylate cyclase. Calcitonin is mainly produced by thyroid C cells while CGRP is secreted and stored in the nervous system .
Cys-Asp-Pro-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-NH2 is a linear peptide from laminin B1 chain that interferes with tumor cell attachment and invasion into basement membrane and has anti-angiogenic effects .
[Tyr0] Corticotropin Releasing Factor, ovine is a corticotropin releasing factor/hormone isolated from ovine. Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) is a hypothalamic hormone, stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and of β-endorphin .
Cholecystokinin Octapeptide (1-2) (desulfated) (H-Asp-Tyr-OH) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Phenylac1,D-Tyr(Et)2,Lys6,Arg8,des-Gly9)-Vasopressin is a potent vasopressin V1 receptor (VP V1R) antagonist. (Phenylac1,D-Tyr(Et)2,Lys6,Arg8,des-Gly9)-Vasopressin significantly decreases the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in rats .
(Phenylac1,D-Tyr(Et)2,Lys6,Arg8,des-Gly9)-Vasopressin is a potent vasopressin V1 receptor (VP V1R) antagonist. (Phenylac1,D-Tyr(Et)2,Lys6,Arg8,des-Gly9)-Vasopressin significantly decreases the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in rats .
(H-Cys-Tyr-OH)2 is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Ala-Arg-Arg-Pro-Glu-Gly-Arg-Thr-Trp-Ala-Gln-Pro-Gly-Tyr is a peptide. Ala-Arg-Arg-Pro-Glu-Gly-Arg-Thr-Trp-Ala-Gln-Pro-Gly-Tyr can easily be formed with more than one positive charge .
[Tyr12] Somatostatin 28 (1-14) is an analogue of Somatostatin-28 (1-14) (HY-P1499). Somatostatin-28 (1-14) is an N-terminal fragment of the neuropeptide somatostatin-28 .
Cys-Gly-Tyr-Gly-Pro-Lys-Lys-Lys-Arg-Lys-Val-Gly-Gly is a13-mer synthetic peptide containing seven amino acids homologous to SV40 T antigen. Cys-Gly-Tyr-Gly-Pro-Lys-Lys-Lys-Arg-Lys-Val-Gly-Gly is capable of inducing nuclear transport .
H-Trp-Phe-Tyr-Ser(PO3H2)-Pro-Arg-pNA is a chromogenic substrate for Pin1. Pin1 is an essential and conserved mitotic peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, and can recognize the phosphoserine-proline bonds present in mitotic phosphoproteins .
DABCYL-GABA-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Val-Gln-EDANS is a biological active peptide. (DABCYL-GABA-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Val-Gln-EDANS is also called HIV protease substrate I in some literature. It is widely used for the continuous assay for HIV protease activity. The 11-kD protease (PR) encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) is essential for the correct processing of viral polyproteins and the maturation of infectious virus, and is therefore a target for the design of selective acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) therapeutics. The FRET-based fluorogenic substrate is derived from a natural processing site for HIV-1 PR. Incubation of recombinant HIV-1 PR with the fluorogenic substrate resulted in specific cleavage at the Tyr-Pro bond and a time-dependent increase in fluorescence intensity that is linearly related to the extent of substrate hydrolysis. The fluorescence quantum yields of the HIV-1 PR substrate in the FRET assay increased by 40.0- and 34.4-fold, respectively, per mole of substrate cleaved. Because of its simplicity and precision in the determination of reaction rates required for kinetic analysis, this substrate offers many advantages over the commonly used HPLC or electrophoresis-based assays for peptide substrate hydrolysis by retroviral PRs. Abs/Em = 340nm/490nm.)
Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH (compound 1) is a high-affinity pentapeptide to bind to the src SH2 domain (IC50≈1 µM). Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH is an inhibitor for src SH3-SH2:phosphoprotein interactions .
SKF 100398 (d(CH2)5Tyr(Et)VAVP), an arginine vasopressin (AVP) analogue, is a specific antagonist of the antidiuretic effect of exogenous and endogenous AVP .
(D-Tyr5,D-Trp6)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH TFA (compound 1) is a high-affinity pentapeptide to bind to the src SH2 domain (IC50≈1 µM). Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH TFA is an inhibitor for src SH3-SH2:phosphoprotein interactions .
Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Tyr-ε-azido-Nle) (Azido-c(RGDyK)) is a polypeptide composed of arginine, glycine, aspartic acid, and tyrosine that can be used for Synthesis of [ 18F]FPyKYNE-c(RGDyK) .
(D-Tyr5,D-Ser(tBu)6,Azagly10)-LHRH is an analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). LHRH plays a central role in the control of reproduction by stimulating the release of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) .
Ala-parafluoroPhe-Arg-Cha-Cit-Tyr-NH2 is a biological active peptide. (Protease activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) belongs to a subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors and is known to mediate the cellular effects of thrombin. This peptide is a PAR-1 selective agonist displaying a high level of specificity to PAR-1 over PAR-2. The specificity of peptide was evaluated in cell-based calcium signaling assay using HEK293 cells. PAR-1 selective agonists can be used to study PAR-1 activation in vivo. In addition to its varied cellular effects of thrombin, PAR-1 has also been shown to coordinate with PAR-4 and regulate thrombin-induced hepatocellular carcinoma harboring thrombin formation within the tumor environment classified as 'coagulation type'.)
(3,5-Diiodo-Tyr1,D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,glycinol5)-Enkephalin is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Asudemotide (S-588410) is a peptide of human DEP domain-containing protein 1A. Asudemotide is an immunostimulant. Asudemotide has a sequence of H-Glu-Tyr-Tyr-Glu-Leu-Phe-Val-Asn-Ile-OH. Asudemotide induces a tumor immune response in esophageal cancer. .
Hymenistatin I is a cyclic octapeptide [c-(-Pro-Pro-Tyr-Val-Pro-Leu-Ile-ile-Ile-)] with immunosuppressive activity in both humoral and cellular immune responses .
FLAG peptide is an eight amino acids peptide (Asp-Tyr-Lys-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Lys) with an enterokinase-cleavage site; designed for antibody-mediated identification and purification of recombinant proteins.
3X FLAG peptides are FLAG-tagged peptides containing three repeats of the Asp-Tyr-Lys-Xaa-Xaa-Asp motif. 3X FLAG peptide can be used for protein separation and purification, and competitive elution with target proteins.
Maculosin is a host-specific phytotoxin for spotted knapweed from Alternaria alternata. Maculosin is a quorum-sensing molecule involved in cell-cell communication by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Maculosin also acts as a signaling molecule regulating virulence gene expression in Lactobacillus reuteri. Maculosin shows antioxidant, anti-cancer and non-toxicity properties. Maculosin shows cytotoxic activity against the human liver cancer cell lines, with an IC50 of 48.90 µg/mL .
Calpain-1 substrate, fluorogenic serves as a sensitive and specific substrate for calpain-1 that cleaves Tyr-Gly bond and results in enhanced fluorescence .(Ex/Em = 490 nm/518 nm)
Jak3tide (JAK3 Peptide substrate) is a biological active peptide. (This peptide is a substrate for Jak3. It may be used used in kinase assays. Jak3tide contains the phosphorylation site at Tyr7.)
3X FLAG peptide TFA is a FLAG-tagged peptide containing three repeats of the Asp-Tyr-Lys-Xaa-Xaa-Asp motif. 3X FLAG peptide TFA can be used for protein separation and purification, and competitive elution with target proteins.
YPLP is a yeast-derived peptide Tyr-Pro-Leu-Pro, which exhibits activity in anti fatigue mechanisms through the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)- and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. YPLP is orally active .
Latromotide is a synthetic peptide with antineoplastic activity. It consists of 10 amino acids corresponding to amino acid residues 66-75 of the human kinesin-like protein KIF20A. Latromotide has a sequence of H-Lys-Val-Tyr-Leu-Arg-Val-Arg-Pro Leu-Leu-OH .
LHRH (1-5) (free acid) is a polypeptide generated by the cleavage of LHRH at the Tyr55-Gly 66 site. LHRH (1-5) (free acid) is converted into LHRH (1-3) and LHRH (4-5) fragments under the catalysis of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (HY-P2983) .
DOTA-LM3 is a somatostatin receptor (SSTR) antagonist. LM3 refers to p-Cl-Phe- cyclo(D-Cys-Tyr-D-4-amino-Phe(carbamoyl)-Lys-Thr-Cys)D-Tyr- NH2, as well as a somatostatin antagonist. DOTA-LM3 is often isotopically labeled for tracing tumors in vivo, such as 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 and 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3. 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3 shows favorable biodistribution, high tumor uptake, good tumor retention, and few safety concerns. 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 can be used for research in DOTATOC-negative liver metastases, such as pancreatic NET and extensive tumor thrombosis .
DOTA-LM3 TFA is a somatostatin receptor (SSTR) antagonist. LM3 refers to p-Cl-Phe- cyclo(D-Cys-Tyr-D-4-amino-Phe(carbamoyl)-Lys-Thr-Cys)D-Tyr- NH2, as well as a somatostatin antagonist. DOTA-LM3 TFA is often isotopically labeled for tracing tumors in vivo, such as 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 TFA and 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3 TFA. 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3 TFA shows favorable biodistribution, high tumor uptake, good tumor retention, and few safety concerns. 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 TFA can be used for research in DOTATOC-negative liver metastases, such as pancreatic NET and extensive tumor thrombosis .
(Phe2,Nle4)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, rat) is a fragment of the ACTH hormone. (Phe2,Nle4)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, rat) can be labeled with I125 on Tyr23 to produce a radiolabeled ligand .
MMP-8/MMP-26 Fluorogenic substrate (DNP-Pro-Leu-Ala-Tyr-Trp-Ala-Arg) is a matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) fluorogenic substrate. MMP-8/MMP-26 Fluorogenic substrate can be used for the research of atherosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and sepsis .
N-terminally acetylated Leu-enkephalin is the N-terminally acetylated form of Leu-enkephalin. Leu-enkephalin is a five amino acid endogenous peptide that acts as an agonist at opioid receptors.
K(biotinyl)-KEDVV-Abu-CS-Abu-SYKK-NH2 is a peptide that the primary structure is: Lys(biotinyl)-Lys-Glu-Asp-Val-Val-Abu-Cys-Ser-Abu-Ser-Tyr-Lys-Lys-NH2.
TAT-GluR23A Fusion Peptide is a biological active peptide. (This is the GluR23A sequence, a control inactive peptide used as a mutant counterpart to glutamate receptor endocytosis inhibitor (GluR23Y), connected to an 11 amino acid cell permeable HIV Trans-Activator of Transcription (TAT) protein transduction domain (PTD). GluR23A is derived from GluR23Y amino acids 869 to 877, with Ala substituted for Tyr, and thus lacking essential phosphorylation sites.Control peptide of HY-P2259)
[pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) is derived from the autophosphorylation site (Tyr992) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR 988-993). [pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) is often complexed with the catalytically inactive protein-tyrosine phosphate 1B (PTP1B) .
[pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) TFA is derived from the autophosphorylation site (Tyr992) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR 988-993). [pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) TFA is often complexed with the catalytically inactive protein-tyrosine phosphate 1B (PTP1B) .
Acetyl tetrapeptide-15 is a synthetic peptide used in the cosmetics for sensitive skin. Acetyl tetrapeptide-15 is derived from endomorphin-2 (Tyr-Pro-Phe-Phe-NH2), a human μ-opioid agonist with selective anti-nociceptive effect. Acetyl tetrapeptide-15 reduces skin hyperreactivity producing inflammatory, chronic and neuropathic pain, by increasing the threshold of neuronal excitability in μ-opioid receptor via an endorphin-like pathway .
3X HA Tag is a biological active peptide. (This tag peptide may be used to detect proteins and peptides, and to facilitate functional analysis of proteins of interest.)
Cn2 toxin TFA (β-Mammal toxin Cn2 TFA) is a single-chain β-scorpion neurotoxic peptide that is the main toxin in scorpion venom. Cn2 toxin (TFA) specifically targets mammalian voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) Nav1.6 .
α-Hemolysin (Staphylococcus aureus) is one of the most characteristic virulence factors secreted by Staphylococcus aureus, a polypeptide capable of destroying the host cell plasma membrane. After α-Hemolysin binds to the cell surface, its monomers assemble into a homoheptamer to form a front pore, which then transforms into a mature transmembrane pore water channel, allowing K + and Ca 2+ ion transport, leading to necrotic death of target cells .
HBpep-SA is a cell membrane-permeable peptide condensate that phase separates to form stable droplets at pH values below 6.5. HBpep-SA is able to directly and efficiently deliver a variety of macromolecules, ranging from therapeutic peptides as small as 726 Da to large enzymes as large as 430 kDa, and the loaded condensates remain stable under near-physiological and serum conditions until internalized by cells. HBpep-SA can be used for intracellular delivery of large numbers of macromolecules and as a vector for mRNA-based vaccines .
Peptide YY (PYY) is a gut hormone that regulates appetite and inhibits pancreatic secretion. Peptide YY (PYY) can mediate its effects through the Neuropeptide Y receptors.
[Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) is a specific neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor agonist. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) slao activates Y4, Y5. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) can increase blood pressure in anesthetized rats and increases food intake .
[Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA is a specific neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor agonist. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA slao activates Y4, Y5. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA can increase blood pressure in anesthetized rats and increases food intake .
[Leu31,Pro34]- Neuropeptide Y (porcine), a Neuropeptide Y (NPY) analog, is a selective NPY Y1 receptor agonist. [Leu31,Pro34]- Neuropeptide Y (porcine) exhibits anxiolytic effects .
(Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (TFA) is the TFA form of (Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (HY-P3877). (Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (TFA) is a Peptide YY (HY-P1514) derivative and is a potent and selective Y1 agonist with a KD of 1.0 nM .
[D-Arg25]-Neuropeptide Y (human) ([D-Arg25] NPY) is a Y1 receptor selective agonist. Neuropeptide Y (human) is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and protects rat cortical neurons against β-Amyloid toxicity .
Kurtoxin is a selective Cav3 (T-type) voltage-gated Ca 2+ channel gating inhibitor with a Kd of 15 nM for Cav3.1 (α1G T-type) Ca 2+ channel. Kurtoxin can interact with high affinity with native neuronal high-threshold L-type, N-type, and P-type Ca 2+ channels in central and peripheral neurons. Kurtoxin also shows cross-reactivity with voltage-gated Na + channel .
Neuropeptide Y-Lys(biotinyl) (free acid) (human, rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Scorpion toxin Tf2 is a β-scorpion toxin, which is firstly identified in the venom of the Brazilian scorpion Tityus fasciolatus. Scorpion toxin Tf2 is a Nav1.3 activator, which is a neuronal voltage-gated sodium (Nav) subtype implicated in epilepsy and nociception. Scorpion toxin Tf2 enhances hNav1.3 activation voltage and opens the channel at resting membrane potentials .
MitTx is a complex formed by MitTx-α and MitTx-β. MitTx is an ASIC1 channel activator with EC50 values of 9.4 and 23 nM for ASIC1a and ASIC1b isoforms, respectively. MitTx is highly selective for ASIC1 isoforms at neutral pH. Under acidic conditions, MitTx greatly enhances proton-evoked ASIC2a channel activation .
Hispidalin is a novel antimicrobial peptide with broad and efficient antibacterial activity against various bacterial and fungal pathogens, and can be used as an antibacterial agent and food preservative .
Tat-GluR23Y, scrambled is the scrambled peptide of Tat-GluR23Y (HY-P2259). Tat-GluR23Y is a synthetic peptide containing tyrosine residues that inhibit AMPAR endocytosis and is effective in the research of long-term depression (LTD) .
Tat-GluR23Y, scrambled TFA is the scrambled peptide of Tat-GluR23Y (HY-P2259). Tat-GluR23Y is a synthetic peptide containing tyrosine residues that inhibit AMPAR endocytosis and is effective in the research of long-term depression (LTD) .
Osteocalcin (1-49) (human) is a vitamin K-dependent bone specific protein. Osteocalcin (1-49) (human) is chemotactic for several of the cell types frequently found at bone remodeling surfaces .
DX600 is a selective ACE2 specific inhibitor (KD: 1.3 nM), and does not cross-react with ACE. DX600 exacerbates diabetes-induced cardiovascular dysfunction and the increase in cardiac and renal NOX activity .
DX600 TFA is a selective ACE2 specific inhibitor (KD: 1.3 nM), and does not cross-react with ACE. DX600 TFA exacerbates diabetes-induced cardiovascular dysfunction and the increase in cardiac and renal NOX activity .
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is the key regulatory factor in promoting cell survival. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathways are related with apoptosis. Loss of Epidermal growth factor (EGF) leads to embryonic or perinatal lethality with abnormalities in multiple organs. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) can stimulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production for a short period of time in cells. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) can be used to research development and cancer .
δ-Dendrotoxin is a K + channel blocker that can be obtained from the venom of the black mamba snake. δ-Dendrotoxin can be used in the study of neurological diseases .
Histatin-3 TFA, a 32 amino acid peptide, possesses powerful antimicrobial properties. Histatin-3 TFA behaves as a substrate for proprotein convertase 1 (PC1), being cleaved by this endoprotease primarily at a site carboxy terminal to the single Arg25 residue (HRGYR decrease SN). Histatin-3 TFA is a moderately potent, reversible and competitive inhibitor of the furin-mediated cleavage of the pentapeptide pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-MCA fluorogenic substrate, with an estimated inhibition constant Ki of 1.98 μM .
BmK-M1 is a scorpion toxin, and is composed of 64 amino acids cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. BmK-M1 inhibits Na + channel and can be considered both as a cardiotoxin and a neurotoxin .
Tat-HA-NR2B9 contains a fragment of the cellmembrane transduction domain of HIV-1 Tat, a influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) epitope-tag, and the C-terminal 9 amino acids of NR2B (NR2B9c). Tat-HA-NR2B9 reduces infarct size and improves neurological functions in ischemia-induced cerebral injury in the rats
PACAP (6-38), human, ovine, rat is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50s of 30, 600, and 40 nM for PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2, respectively.
PACAP (6-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50s of 30, 600, and 40 nM for PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2, respectively.
Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat), a neuropeptide Y (NPY) metabolite formed from dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), is a selective Y2 receptor agonist. Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) is a NPY metabolite formed from dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4). Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) decreases release of norepinephrine via the Y2 receptor .
Peptide YY (PYY) (3-36), Human is an endogenous appetite suppressing peptide. Peptide YY (PYY) (3-36), Human, a neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptor agonist, is a powerful inhibitor of intestinal secretion .
δ-Buthitoxin-Hj2a, a scorpion-venom peptide, is a potent NaV1.1 agonist with an EC50 of 32 nM. δ-Buthitoxin-Hj2a can be used for the Dravet syndrome (DS) research .
Pancreatic Polypeptide, bovine, a 36-amino acid, straight chain polypeptide derived primarily from the pancreas, inhibits secretin- and cholecystokinin-stimulated pancreatic secretion; Pancreatic Polypeptide, bovine acts as an agonist of NPY receptor, with high affinity at NPYR4.
Pancreatic polypeptide is a peptide secreted by the endocrine PP cells of the pancreas that regulates pancreatic secretory activity and also affects hepatic glycogen stores and gastrointestinal secretion .
PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA is an endogenous neuropeptide. PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA potently stimulates antral motility and somatostatin secretion, inhibits the secretion of gastrin and stimulates the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin releasing peptide and substance P. PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA also enhances N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor through RACK1 .
PACAP (1-38) free acid is an endogenous neuropeptide. PACAP (1-38) free acid potently stimulates antral motility and somatostatin secretion, inhibits the secretion of gastrin and stimulates the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin releasing peptide and substance P. PACAP (1-38) free acid also enhances N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor through RACK1 .
PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat is a neuropeptide with 38 amino acid residues. PACAP (1-38) binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC50s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively.
PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a neuropeptide with 38 amino acid residues. PACAP (1-38) binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC50s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively.
OD1 is a scorpion α-toxin that can be isolated from the venom of the Iranian yellow scorpion (Odonthobuthus doriae. OD1 is a modulator of mammalian Nav1.7 (EC50: 4.5 nM) .
Huwentoxin XVI, an analgesic, is a highly reversible and selective mammalian N-type calcium channel (IC50 of ~60 nM) antagonist from Chinese tarantula Ornithoctonus huwena. Huwentoxin XVI has no effect on voltagegated T-type calcium channels, potassium channels or sodium channels .
Huwentoxin XVI TFA, an analgesic, is a highly reversible and selective mammalian N-type calcium channel (IC50 of ~60 nM) antagonist from Chinese tarantula Ornithoctonus huwena. Huwentoxin XVI TFA has no effect on voltagegated T-type calcium channels, potassium channels or sodium channels .
APETx2, a sea anemone peptide from Anthopleura elegantissima, is a selective and reversible ASIC3 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 63 nM. APETx2 directly inhibits the ASIC3 channel by acting at its external side. APETx2 could reverses acid‐induced and inflammatory pain .
LCI peptide is an antimicrobial peptide with antibacterial activity. LCI peptide is active against plant pathogens, Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas, including E. coli, Gentamicin-resistant MRSA and Xoo .
HA Peptide (HA tag) is a nine amino acids peptide derived from the human influenza hemagglutinin (HA). HA Peptide is extensively used to isolate, purify, detect, and track the protein of interest in cell biology and biochemistry.
GluR23Y is a biological active peptide. (This GluR23Y peptide was used in ELISA cell-surface assay for the insulin-stimulated endocytosis of native AMPA receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons. GluR23Y prevented any insulin-induced reduction. The blockade of insulin action was observed when the GluR23Y peptide was delivered into neurons by fusing it to the membrane transduction domain of HIV-1.)
Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) epitope is a polypeptide. Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) epitope is conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin to generate anti-HA polyclonal antibodies following immunization of rabbits .
MitTx-beta is a peptide can be isolated from the venom of the Texas coral snake (Micrurus tener tener). MitTx-beta can form a complex with MitTx-α, MitTx. MitTx has ASIC1 channel activating activity on capsaicin-sensitive nerve fibers .
(Glu13,17,20)-Osteocalcin (1-46) (mouse) is an analogue of Osteocalcin (1-46). Osteocalcin (1-46) is a osteoblast specific peptide involved in the regulation of energy metabolism .
BDS-I known as blood depressing substance, is a marine toxin which can be extracted from Anemonia sulcata. BDS-I is a specific inhibitor of Potassium Channel, targeting to Kv3.4. BDS-I inhibits Aβ1-42-induced enhancement of KV3.4 activity, caspase-3 activation, and abnormal nuclear morphology of NGF-differentiated PC-12 cells. BDS-I reverts the Aβ peptide-induced cell death .
WP9QY, TNF-a Antagonist, TNF-a Antagonist is a biological active peptide. (This cyclic peptide is designed to mimic the most critical tumor necrosis factor (TNF) recognition loop on TNF receptor I. It prevents interactions of TNF with its receptor. This TNF antagonist is a useful template for the development of small molecular inhibitors to prevent both inflammatory bone destruction and systemic bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis.)
TAT-NEP1-40 acetate is a therapeutic candidate for axonal regeneration and functional recovery after stroke. TAT-NEP1-40 acetate can protect PC12 cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) and promote neurite outgrowth. TAT-NEP1-40 acetate protects the brain against ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibition of neuronal apoptosis. TAT-NEP1-40 acetate can be efficiently delivered into the rat brains .
TAT-NEP1-40 is a BBB-penatrable peptide. TAT-NEP1-40 protects PC12 cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), and promotes neurite outgrowth. TAT-NEP1-40 also improves ischemia-induced neurologic outcomes by inhibiting cell apoptosis in ischemic brains. TAT-NEP1-40 can be used for research of CNS injuries, such as axonal regeneration and functional recovery after stroke .
TAT-NEP1-40 TFA is a BBB-penatrable peptide. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA protects PC12 cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), and promotes neurite outgrowth. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA also improves ischemia-induced neurologic outcomes by inhibiting cell apoptosis in ischemic brains. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA can be used for research of CNS injuries, such as axonal regeneration and functional recovery after stroke .
Osteocalcin, bovine is a vitamin K-dependent bone specific protein. Osteocalcin, bovine is also known as bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGLAP). Osteocalcin, bovine is a small (49-amino-acid) noncollagenous protein hormone .
Renin substrate, angiotensinogen (1-14), rat is a biological active peptide. (This peptide is derived from rat angiotensinogen amino acid residues 1-14. It is a synthetic renin substrate.)
PD-1/PD-L1-IN-42 (Compound B8.4) is an inhibitor of the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1, with an EC50 of 0.1 μM. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-42 can be used for the research of cancer immunotherapy .
Activated Protein C (390-404), human is a peptide of the activated protein C (a vitamin K-dependent serine protease), potently inhibits APC anticoagulant activity .
Activated Protein C (390-404), human TFA, a peptide of the activated protein C (a vitamin K-dependent serine protease), potently inhibits APC anticoagulant activity .
Insulin cattle is a two-chain polypeptide hormone produced in vivo in the pancreatic β cells. Insulin cattle has often been used as growth supplement in culturing cells.
Jagged-1 (188-204) is a fragment of the Jagged-1 (JAG-1) protein with Notch agonist activity. JAG-1 is a Notch ligand highly expressed in cultured and primary multiple myeloma (MM) cells. JAG-1 induces maturation of monocyte-derived human dendritic cells .
JAG-1, scrambled (scJag-1) is a scrambled sequence of JAG-1 (Jagged-1 protein). JAG-1, scrambled has a random sequence of the amino acids that are the same as the active fragment. JAG-1, scrambled is usually used as a negative control .
Dendrotoxin K is a Kv1.1 channel blocker. Dendrotoxin K determines glutamate release in CA3 neurons in a time-dependent manner through the control of the presynaptic spike waveform .
Dendrotoxin K TFA is a Kv1.1 channel blocker. Dendrotoxin K TFA determines glutamate release in CA3 neurons in a time-dependent manner through the control of the presynaptic spike waveform .
Forigerimod (IPP-201101) is a CD4 T-cell modulator. Forigerimod is a 21-amino-acid fragment of U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa that is phosphorylated at Ser140. Forigerimod can potently inhibit autophagy. Forigerimod can be used for the research of autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .
Aprotinin is a bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) inhibitor which inhibits trypsin and chymotrypsin with Kis of 0.06 pM and 9 nM, respectively.
Calciseptine, a natural?neurotoxin?isolated from the black mamba Dendroaspis p. polylepis venom. Calciseptine consists of 60 amino acids with four disulfide bonds. Calciseptine specifically blocks L-type?calcium channel[1].
Fasciculin-I is isolated from the mambas venom. Fasciculin-I exerts its toxic effects by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Fasciculin-I blocks α-neurotoxins of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and cardiac toxins that interact with cell membranes .
Balixafortide TFA (POL6326 TFA) is a potent, selective, well-tolerated peptidic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA shows 1000-fold selective for CXCR4 than a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide TFA blocks β-arrestin recruitment and calcium flux with IC50s < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA is also a potent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilizing agent. Anti-cancer effects .
Balixafortide (POL6326) is a potent, selective, well-tolerated peptidic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 < 10 nM. Balixafortide shows 1000-fold selective for CXCR4 than a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide blocks β-arrestin recruitment and calcium flux with IC50s < 10 nM. Balixafortide is also a potent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilizing agent. Anti-cancer effects .
PACAP (6-27) (human, ovine, rat) is a PACAP receptor antagonist that blocks the canine adrenal catecholamine response to exogenous vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). PACAP (6-27) (human, ovine, rat) has the potential to study cardiovascular and neurological diseases .
3x DYKDDDDK Tag is a useful tool for investigating the function and localization of proteins whose antibodies (Abs) are not available. Often it is also used in a 3X FLAG format (3x DYKDDDDK Tag) for purifying difficult proteins that accumulate in low abundance .
Insulin peglispro (BIL) is a basal insulin with a flat, prolonged activity profile. Insulin peglispro can exhibit better glycaemic control compared to conventional insulins .
MitTx-alpha is a subunit of MitTx. MitTx is a potent, persistent, and selective agonist for acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs). MitTx is highly selective for the ASIC1 subtype at neutral pH; under more acidic conditions (pH<6.5), MitTx massively potentiates (>100-fold) proton-evoked activation of ASIC2a channels .
Endothelin-3, human, mouse, rabbit, rat TFA is a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide that binds to G-protein-linked transmembrane receptors, ET-RA and ET-RB.
[Ala2] Endothelin-3, human is a linear analog of endothelin-3 (ET-3) where substitution of Ala for Cys residues. TE-3 is a vasoactive peptide, produced by human rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines, whereas it is not expressed by human sarcoma cell lines of non-muscle origin. ET-3 acts as a paracrine factor, since it promotes migration of endothelial cells .
PACAP (1-27), human, ovine, rat TFA (PACAP 1-27 TFA) is the N-terminal fragment of PACAP-38, and is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50s of 3 nM, 2 nM and 5 nM for rat PAC1, rat VPAC1 and human VPAC2, respectively .
VIPhyb (compound VIPhyb) is a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) receptor antagonist that can be used in the study of cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) .
Bay 55-9837 TFA is a potent and highly selective agonist of VPAC2, with a Kd of 0.65 nM. Bay 55-9837 TFA may be a useful therapy for the research of type 2 diabetes .
Bay 55-9837 is a potent and highly selective agonist of VPAC2, with a Kd of 0.65 nM. Bay 55-9837 may be a useful therapy for the research of type 2 diabetes .
αO-Conotoxin GeXIVA is a potent α9α10 nAChR antagonist with an IC50 of 12 nM against rat α9α10. αO-Conotoxin GeXIVA shows analgesic in animal models of pain .
Defensin HNP-1 human is a Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs), involved in endothelial cell dysfunction at the time of early atherosclerotic development. Defensin HNP-1 human exhibits broad antimicrobial and anti-leishmanial activities .
Defensin HNP-1 human TFA is a Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs), involved in endothelial cell dysfunction at the time of early atherosclerotic development. Defensin HNP-1 human TFA exhibits broad antimicrobial and anti-leishmanial activities .
Defensin HNP-3 human is a cytotoxic antibiotic peptide known as "defensin". Defensin HNP-3 human has inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Defensin HNP-3 human is initially synthesized as the 94 amino acids preproHNP(1-94), which is hydrolyzed to proHNP(20-94) and converted to mature HNP(65-94) after the removal of anion precursors .
Jingzhaotoxin-XII (JzTx-XII) is a specific Kv4.1 channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.363 μM. Jingzhaotoxin-XII interacts with the channels by modifying the gating behavior .
Enterocin K1 (EntK1) is a bacteriocin. Enterocin K1 is a ribosomal synthetic peptide. Enterocin K1 specifically targets Enterococcus faecalis via the Eep protein on the bacterial membrane. Enterocin K1 displays a potent antibacterial activity against VRE. Enterocin K1 can be used for related studies of VRE infections .
δ-Theraphotoxin-Hm1b is a 42-amino acid peptide isolated from Togo starburst tarantula (Heteroscodra maculata) venom. δ-Theraphotoxin-Hm1b selectively inhibits inactivation of NaV1.1 but have no effect on NaV1.7 .
Wasabi Receptor Toxin (WaTx) active TRPA1 by prolonged channel openings and decreased Ca 2+ permeability. Wasabi Receptor Toxin can be used in the research of acute and persistent pain .
NEP(1-40) TFA is a Nogo-66 receptor (NgR) antagonist peptide, reversing the injury-induced shift in distribution of microglia morphologies by limiting myelin-based inhibition .
NEP(1-40) is a Nogo-66 receptor (NgR) antagonist peptide, reversing the injury-induced shift in distribution of microglia morphologies by limiting myelin-based inhibition .
Human α-Defensin 6, a 32-residue cysteine-rich peptide, can inhibit bacterial invasion and contribute to the mucosal immunity. Human α-Defensin 6 forms ordered self-assembly fibrils and nanonets that surround and entangle bacteria after stochastic binding to bacterial surface proteins. Human α-Defensin 6 also inhibits C. albicans biofilm formation .
Human β-defensin-1 (HβD-1) is a cysteine-rich cationic skin-antimicrobial peptide (SAP) produced by all epithelial surfaces, but also by circulatory cells and cells of the reproductive tract. Human β-defensin-1 has antimicrobial activities against a broad-sperm bacteria .
Human Growth Hormone (1-43) is an N-terminal fragment of human growth hormone with specific and pronounced insulin-like activity. Human Growth Hormone (1-43) can be used to study the function and metabolic pathways of growth hormone, a potential obesity-related factor .
Phlotoxin-1 (PhlTx1) is a 34-amino acid and 3-disulfide bridge peptide. Phlotoxin-1 can be isolated from Phlogiellus genus spider. Phlotoxin-1 is an antinociceptive agent by inhibiting NaV1.7 channel .
Retatrutide (LY3437943) is a triple agonist peptide of the glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Retatrutide binds human GCGR, GIPR, and GLP-1R with EC50 values of 5.79, 0.0643 and 0.775 nM, respectively. Retatrutide can be used for the research of obesity .
Retatrutide (LY3437943) TFA is a triple agonist peptide of the glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Retatrutide TFA binds human GCGR, GIPR, and GLP-1R with EC50 values of 5.79, 0.0643 and 0.775 nM, respectively. Retatrutide TFA can be used for the research of obesity .
Ergtoxin-1 is a potassium channel blocker.
Ergtoxin-1 is isolated from the venom of the Mexican scorpion
Centruroides noxius. Ergtoxin 1 can block
ERG-K + channels in nerve, heart and endocrine cells .
Adrenomedullin (rat) is an effective vasodilator peptide. Adrenomedullin is actively secreted by endothelial cells (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) .
Adrenomedullin (porcine) is a peptide that regulates vasodilation. Adrenomedullin (porcine) induces endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat aorta with IC50 value of 2.4 nM. Adrenomedullin (porcine) induces endothelium-independent relaxation of porcine coronary arteries with an IC50 of 27.6 nM .
Ssm Spooky Toxin from?Scolopendra mutilans, exhibits lethal toxicity in hematological and respiratory systems by potently inhibiting KCNQ (voltage-gated potassium channel family 7) channels, with IC50? of 2.8 μM, 5.26 μM and 0.1-0.3 M for Kv7.4, Kv1.3, and Shal channel, respectivily. Ssm Spooky Toxin inhibits cytokine generation by specifically acting on the KV1.3 channel in T cells. Ssm Spooky Toxin plays an essential role in the centipede’s circulatory system .
PLTX-II is a calcium channel blocker. PLTX-II has a 44-residue peptide containing ten Cys residues and an O-palmitoylated threonine amide at the carboxy-terminus .
Gluten Exorphin A5 is a fragment from wheat gluten with neuroprotective effects. Gluten Exorphin A5 produces various effects not only in the peripheral nervous systems but also in the central nervous system .
YYRADDA is a polypeptide. YYRADDA stimulates the growth of collagen in the extracellular matrix of the skin. YYRADDA improves the appearance of the skin and promotes the healing of damaged skin .
Beta-defensin 103 isoform X1, pig is an antimicrobial peptide found in different living organisms, involved in the first line of defense in their innate immune response against pathogens .
Beta-defensin 103 isoform X1, pig TFA is an antimicrobial peptide found in different living organisms, involved in the first line of defense in their innate immune response against pathogens .
Dc1a potently promotes opening of the German cockroach Nav channel (BgNav1). Dc1a is a toxin can be isolated from the desert bush spider Diguetia canities .
Dendrotoxin-I is a potent K + channels blocker and targets voltage-gated potassium channel subunits KV1.1 and KV1.2. Dendrotoxin-I is a neurotoxin isolated from thevenom of Dendroaspis snakes .
MDYYFEER is an antioxidant active peptide that can be isolated from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin. MDYYFEER has high DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability. MDYYFEER protects zebrafish larvae from H2O2-induced oxidative damage .
MDYYFEER TFA is an antioxidant active peptide that can be isolated from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin. MDYYFEER TFA has high DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability. MDYYFEER TFA protects zebrafish larvae from H2O2-induced oxidative damage .
Dnp-PYAYWMR is a peptide substrate that selectively targets MMP3. Dnp-PYAYWMR is cleaved by MMP3 to produce Dnp-PYA (nonfluorescent) and YWMR (fluorophore detectable at 360 nm). After incubation of MMP3 with Dnp-PYAYWMR for 2 h, MMP3 fluorescence intensity was measured. Ex/Em=328/350 nm .
LLO (91-99) (Listeriolysin O (91-99)), an exotoxin, is a class I MHC-restricted T-cell epitopes of listeriolysin (LLO). LLO (91-99) is an essential antigen for induction of T-cell mediated immunity in vivo .
CEF27, Epstein-Barr Virus BRLF-1 lytic 148-156 corresponding to amino acids 148-156 of the BRLF1 protein. BRLF1 is a transcriptional activator that binds directly to a GC-rich motif present in some Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic gene promoters .
AH1 is an immunodominant antigen derived from the gp70 product of an endogenous MuLV. AH1 behaves as the CTL-immunodominant epitope of CT26 colon carcinoma .
MAQAAEYYR is an antioxidant active peptide that can be isolated from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin. MAQAAEYYR has high DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability. MAQAAEYYR protects zebrafish larvae from H2O2-induced oxidative damage .
MAQAAEYYR TFA is an antioxidant active peptide that can be isolated from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin. MAQAAEYYR TFA has high DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability. MAQAAEYYR TFA protects zebrafish larvae from H2O2-induced oxidative damage .
AAV2 Epitope is a biological active peptide. (This peptide is the capsid derived immunodominant adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2), CD8 T cell epitope. Liver toxicity observed in a clinical trial of AAV2 delivered systemically to patients with hemophilia was ascribed to killing of vector-transduced hepatocytes by capsid-specific T-cells.)
AaHI is a neurotoxin that can be obtained from the venom of the North African scorpion Androctonus australis hector. AaHI can be used as a tool for the development of active substances with toxin-neutralizing capabilities .
MLCK inhibitor peptide 18 is a myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibitor with an IC50 of 50 nM, and inhibits CaM kinase II only at 4000-fold higher concentrations.
Selcopintide (Cpne7-DP) consists of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the 10 amino acid residue 344-353 fragment of the hCPNE7 protein. Selcopintide highly reproduces the in vitro effects of CPNE7 by upregulating odontoblast marker genes, DSPP, and Nestin. Selcopintide promotes dentin regeneration in dentinal defects of various degrees and that the regenerated hard tissue demonstrates the characteristics of true dentin .
Selcopintide (Cpne7-DP) acetate consists of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the 10 amino acid residue 344-353 fragment of the hCPNE7 protein. Selcopintide acetate highly reproduces the in vitro effects of CPNE7 by upregulating odontoblast marker genes, DSPP, and Nestin. Selcopintide acetate promotes dentin regeneration in dentinal defects of various degrees and that the regenerated hard tissue demonstrates the characteristics of true dentin .
SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA is a Staphylococcus hominis (S. hominis) C5 autoinducing peptide. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA inhibits S. aureus activity. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA has the potential for the research of S. aureus-mediated epithelial damage and inflammation .
SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) is a Staphylococcus hominis (S. hominis) C5 autoinducing peptide. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) inhibits S. aureus activity. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) has the potential for the research of S. aureus-mediated epithelial damage and inflammation .
Human PD-L1 inhibitor V, a human PD-1 protein binding peptide with a Kd value of 3.32 μM. Human PD-L1 inhibitor V inhibit the interaction of hPD-1/hPD-L1 .
Kisspeptin-10, rat TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and inhibitor of angiogenesis. Kisspeptin-10, rat TFA is a ligand for the rodent kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Kisspeptin-10 TFA reduces Methotrexate-induced reproductive toxicity as a potential antioxidant compound .
YNPCVMYL (Thioester: Cys4-Leu8) is a polypeptide chain of the YNPCVMYL sequence. The link between the fourth and eighth amino acids in the sequence has the properties of a thioester, which is formed between cysteine (Cys4) and leucine (Leu8).
YNPCVMYL (Thioester: Cys4-Leu8) TFA is a polypeptide chain of the YNPCVMYL sequence. The link between the fourth and eighth amino acids in the sequence has the properties of a thioester, which is formed between cysteine (Cys4) and leucine (Leu8).
Kp7-6, a Fas mimetic peptide, is a Fas/FasL antagonist. Kp7-6 protects cells from Fas-mediated apoptosis, and protects mice from Fas-mediated hepatic injury .
LLO (190-201) (Listeriolysin O 190 peptide) is a biological active peptide. (This peptide is a major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II)-restricted peptide, LLO190 (NEKYAQAYPNVS), from the listeriolysin O protein of Listeria monocytogenes, which generates an LLO190-specific Th response. This peptide subsequently challenge recombinant L. monocytogenes expressing the MHC-I-restricted epitope of ovalbumin (Ova257, SIINFEKL).)
Mecasermin (Human IGF-I; FK 780) is a recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Mecasermin has the potential for the study of the growth failure of growth hormone (GH) insensitivity caused by GH receptor defects or GH-inhibiting antibodies .
δ-Buthitoxin-Hj1a, a scorpion-venom peptide, is a potent NaV1.1 agonist with an EC50 of 17nM. δ-Buthitoxin-Hj1a can be used for the Dravet syndrome (DS) research .
Neurotensin, a gut tridecapeptide, acts as a potent cellular mitogen for various colorectal and pancreatic cancers which possess high-affinity neurotensin receptors (NTR).
(D)-PPA 1 is a hydrolysisresistant d-peptide antagonist. (D)-PPA 1 serves as a potent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. (D)-PPA 1 binds to PD-1 with the affinity 0f 0.51 μM with in vitro and in vivo efficacy .
(D)-PPA 1 TFA is a hydrolysisresistant d-peptide antagonist. (D)-PPA 1 TFA serves as a potent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. (D)-PPA 1 TFA binds to PD-1 with the affinity 0f 0.51 μM with in vitro and in vivo efficacy .
SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 is an E-cadherin and N-cadherin antagonist. SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 inhibits phage clone binding to E- or N-cad/Fc chimeric protein (IC50: 0.7 and 0.09 μM respectively). SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 inhibits cell aggregation. SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 can be used to promote drug delivery through epithelial and endothelial permeability barriers .
SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 TFA is an E-cadherin and N-cadherin antagonist. SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 TFA inhibits phage clone binding to E- or N-cad/Fc chimeric protein (IC50: 0.7 and 0.09 μM respectively). SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 TFA inhibits cell aggregation. SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 can be used to promote drug delivery through epithelial and endothelial permeability barriers .
VnP-16 can promote bone formation by accelerating osteoblast differentiation and activity through direct interaction with β1 integrin followed by FAK activation .
BAM(8-22), a proteolytically cleaved product of proenkephalin A, is a potent activator of Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptors (Mrgprs), MrgprC11 and hMrgprX1, and induces scratching in mice in an Mrgpr-dependent manner .
MHV EPTM is a peptide used for in vitro giant unilamellar vesicle (GUV) deformation analysis. MHV-EPTM peptide with the GUV membranes made the GUVs smaller in size and more rugged in appearance .
MOG (92–106), mouse, rat is a biological active peptide. (This is amino acids 92 to 106 fragment of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) from mouse/rat. Mice with MOG (92–106)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis develop extensive B cell reactivity against secondary myelin antigens. Despite the fact that this MOG peptide induces only weak T cell responses, MOG-induced autoimmunity is very severe. This peptide is encephalitogenic in SJL mice, DA rats, and rhesus monkeys.)
KLTWQELYQLKYKGI (QK) is a VEGF mimicking peptide, binds to the VEGF receptors and competes with VEGF. KLTWQELYQLKYKGI is active in gastric ulcer healing in rodents when administered either orally or systemically. KLTWQELYQLKYKGI shows the ability to induce capillary formation and organization in vitro .
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (40-54), Rat, Mouse (MOG (40-54)) is a CD8-related self-antigenic epitope of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) protein and is presented in association with H-2Db .
N-Acetyl [Leu28, Leu31] neuropeptide Y (24–36) is a selective agonist of neuropeptide Y Y2 receptor. N-Acetyl [Leu28, Leu31] neuropeptide Y (24–36) attenuates cardiac vagal action in anaesthetised rats .
CYN 154806, a cyclic octapeptide, is a potent and selective somatostatin sst2 receptor antagonist, with pIC50 values of 8.58, 5.41, 6.07, 5.76 and 6.48 for human recombinant sst2, sst1, sst3, sst4 and sst5 receptors respectively .
CYN 154806 TFA, a cyclic octapeptide, is a potent and selective somatostatin sst2 receptor antagonist, with pIC50 values of 8.58, 5.41, 6.07, 5.76 and 6.48 for human recombinant sst2, sst1, sst3, sst4 and sst5 receptors respectively .
Neuropeptide Y (22-36), a 15 amino acid peptide, is a fragment of Neuropeptide Y. Neuropeptide Y (22-36) acts on Y2 receptor and retains subnanomolar affinity for the Y2 receptor .
MOTS-c(human) acetate is a mitochondrial-derived peptide. MOTS-c(human) acetate induces the accumulation of AMP analog AICAR, increases activation of AMPK and expression of its downstream GLUT4. MOTS-c(human) acetate induces glucose uptake and improves insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c(human) acetate has implications in the regulation of obesity, diabetes, exercise, and longevity .
MOTS-c (human) is a biological active peptide. (Recent advances in high-resolution sequencing have led to the discovery of unique peptides derived from mitochondrial genome.1-2 Currently 8 peptides are identified: humanin, mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S tRNA-c (MOTS-c), and six small humanin-like peptides (SHLP1-6). 1-2 All of these peptides are released into cytosol from mitochondria and associate with increased longevity and cell viability, reduced apoptosis, and other beneficial functions. 1-3 MOTS-c was found to reduce insulin resistance, decrease obesity, and promote homeostasis.)
mSIRK (G-Protein βγ Binding Peptide) is an cell-permeable activator of ERK1/2, with EC50 of 2.5-5 μM. mSIRK disrupts the interaction between α and βγ subunits and promotes α subunit dissociation without stimulating nucleotide exchange .
mSIRK (L9A) is a cell-permeable, N-myristoylated G-Protein Binding Peptide (mSIRK). mSIRK (L9A) contains a single point mutation (Leu9 to Ala). mSIRK (L9A) cannot enhance ERK1/2 phosphorylation. mSIRK (L9A) can be used as a control peptide .
AF12198 is a potent, selective and specific peptide antagonist for human type I interleukin-1 receptor (IL1-R1) (IC50=8 nM) but not the human type II receptor (IC50=6.7 µM) or the murine type I receptor (IC50>200 µM). AF12198 inhibits IL-1-induced IL-8 production (IC50=25 nM) and IL-1-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression (IC50=9 nM) in vitro. AF12198 has anti-inflammatory activities and blocks responses to IL-1 in vivo .
IGF-I (24-41) (Insulin-like Growth Factor I (24-41)) is amino acids 24 to 41 fragment of IGF-I. IGF-I, a 70 aa polypeptide hormone, is a trophic factor for both neurons and glial cells. IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic growth hormone (GH) activities. IGF-I has anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions. IGF-I (24-41) regulates somatic growth and behavioral development .
IGF-I (24-41) (Insulin-like Growth Factor I (24-41)) TFA is amino acids 24 to 41 fragment of IGF-I. IGF-I TFA, a 70 aa polypeptide hormone, is a trophic factor for both neurons and glial cells. IGF-I TFA is partly responsible for systemic growth hormone (GH) activities. IGF-I TFA has anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions. IGF-I (24-41) TFA regulates somatic growth and behavioral development .
Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA is a potent and cell-permeable inhibitor of Lyn-coupled IL-5 receptor signaling pathway, while keeping other signals intact. Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA blocks Lyn activation and inhibits the binding of Lyn tyrosine kinase to βc subunit of IL-3/GM-CSF/IL-5 receptors. Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA can be used for study of asthma, allergic, and other eosinophilic disorders .
FGF basic (93-110) (human, bovine) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Angiopep-2 hydrochloride is a brain peptide vector. The conjugation of anticancer agents with the Angiopep-2 peptide vector could increase their efficacy in the treatment of brain cancer .
Edratide (TV 4710) is a synthetic peptide of 19 amino acid based on the complementarity-determining region 1 (CDR1) of a human anti-DNA antibody that expresses a major idiotype denoted 16/6 Id. Edratide reduces the rates of apoptosis (Apoptosis) and down-regulates of caspase-8 and caspase-3, up-regulates Bcl-xL. Edratide has the potential for the research of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .
Polyphemusin II-Derived Peptide (T140), a CXCR4 inhibitor, shows high inhibitory activity against HIV-1 entry and the inhibitory effect on the binding of an anti-CXCR4 monoclonal antibody (12G5) to CXCR4 .
Interphotoreceptor Retinoid Binding Protein Fragment (IRBP), a 20-residue peptide and a major pathogenic epitope, is present in the first homologous repeat of the interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein peptide (IRBP 161–180), which can induce posterior uveitis (EAU) .
LCMV GP (61-80) is a peptide fragment derived from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) glycoprotein (GP), and corresponds to amino acids 61-80. LCMV GP (61-80) is a specific epitope which can induce CD4 + T-cell response .
Interphotoreceptor Retinoid Binding Protein Fragment (IRBP) TFA, a 20-residue peptide and a major pathogenic epitope, is present in the first homologous repeat of the interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein peptide (IRBP 161–180), which can induce posterior uveitis (EAU) .
LCMV-derived p13 epitope is a biological active peptide. (An H-2Db restricted epitope, this peptide is amino acids 61 to 80 fragment of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) pre-glycoprotein polyprotein GP complex. LCMV has been routinely used for the study of adaptive immune responses to viral infection.)
Angiopep-2-cys is a conjugate of Angiopep-2 hydrochloride (HY-P2341) and cysteine. Angiopep-2 hydrochloride is a brain peptide vector. The conjugation of anticancer agents with the Angiopep-2 peptide vector could increase their efficacy in the treatment of brain cancer .
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat (MOG (35-55)) TFA is a minor component of CNS myelin. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat TFA has encephalitogenic activity and induces T cell proliferative. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat TFA induces Th1 cytokine response as well as relatively high levels of IgG antibodies. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat TFA produces a relapsing-remitting neurological disease with extensive plaque-like demyelination .
BH3 hydrochloride, a BBB penetrated peptide, provoke apoptosis either by direct activation of pro-apoptotic Bax/Bak or by neutralizing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1 and A-1) via their BH3 domian .
Big Endothelin-3 (22-41) amide (human) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
SPPHPSPAFSPAFDNLYYWDQ is a multi-epitope class II rat HER2/neu peptide. SPPHPSPAFSPAFDNLYYWDQ can be used for the research class II HER2-DC1 vaccine studies .
SPPHPSPAFSPAFDNLYYWDQ TFA is a multi-epitope class II rat HER2/neu peptide. SPPHPSPAFSPAFDNLYYWDQ TFA can be used for the research class II HER2-DC1 vaccine studies .
apoB (4372-4392) is a potent lipoprotein(a) assembly inhibitor, with an IC50 of 40 μM. apoB (4372-4392) can noncovalently bind to apolipoprotein(a) with high affinity .
CTCE-9908 TFA is a potent and selective CXCR4 antagonist. CTCE-9908 TFA induces mitotic catastrophe, cytotoxicity and inhibits migration in CXCR4-expressing ovarian cancer cells .
CTCE-9908 is a potent and selective CXCR4 antagonist. CTCE-9908 induces mitotic catastrophe, cytotoxicity and inhibits migration in CXCR4-expressing ovarian cancer cells .
ANG1005 (Paclitaxel trevatide) is a brain-penetrating peptide-drug conjugate. ANG1005, a taxane derivative, consists of three paclitaxel (HY-B0015) molecules covalently linked to Angiopep-2, designed to cross the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal barriers and to penetrate malignant cells via low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1) transport system .
Bevonescein (ALM-488) is a novel, intravenously-administrated fluorescein-conjugated peptide that binds nerve-associated connective tissue, labels peripheral nerves under real-time fluorescence imaging (FL) in living mice and human ex vivo nerve tissue. Bevonescein is a peptide-linked tracer which fluorescently labeled both intact and degenerated nerves .
Tachyplesin I is a β-hairpin antimicrobial peptide that contains 17 amino acid residues. Tachyplesin I exhibits cytotoxic properties against various human tumor cell lines acting primarily by impairing the integrity of the outer cell membrane .
PP13 is an antimicrobial peptide, and is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria E.coli (MIC: 16.7 uM), B. subtilis (MIC: 13.3 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 23.3 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 8.0 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 9.0 uM) .
(Des-Glu5)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, rat) is an analogue of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; HY-106373). ACTH is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland, regulating cortisol and androgen production .
(Des-Bromo)-Neuropeptide B (1-23) (human) is an orphan G-protein coupled receptor agonist with Kis of 1.2 nM and 341 nM for GPR7 (NPBW1) and GPR8 (NPBW2), respectively .
(Des-His6)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, rat) is an analogue of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; HY-106373). ACTH is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland, regulating cortisol and androgen production .
(Des-Ser3)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, rat) is a peptide analog of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH stimulates the production of cortisol .
LKBtide is a biological active peptide. (This is a peptide substrate that is phosphorylated by Serine/Threonine kinase 11 (STK11), also known as LKB1. LKBtide is derived from sucrose non-fermenting 1 (SNF1) protein kinase, which is normally activated by the LKB1/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway.)
Polyphemusin I is a natural antimicrobial peptide with excellent antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Polyphemusin I contains 18 amino acids and is stabilized into an amphiphilic, antiparallel β-hairpin by two disulfide bridges .
Tetracosactide (Tetracosactrin) is an analogue of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), Tetracosactide can stimulate the release of corticosteroids such as cortisol from the adrenal gland. Tetracosactide is currently used for the research of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, juvenile/adult rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis .
Neuromedin U, rat is a 23-amino acid brain-gut peptide. Neuromedin U (NMU), through its cognate receptor NMUR2 in the central nervous system, regulates several important physiological functions, including energy balance, stress response, and nociception.
PACAP-38 (16-38), human, mouse, rat demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production . PACAP is a potent activator of cAMP formation .
Neuromedin U, rat TFA is a 23-amino acid brain-gut peptide. Neuromedin U (NMU), through its cognate receptor NMUR2 in the central nervous system, regulates several important physiological functions, including energy balance, stress response, and nociception.
Acetyl-ACTH (2-24) (human, bovine, rat) is a fragment of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide. POMC peptides such as adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), which is the precursor of α-MSH, is also an agonist at the MC-1 receptor .
Cyclic MKEY TFA is a synthetic cyclic peptide inhibitor of CXCL4-CCL5 heterodimer formation, which protects against atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysm formation by mediating inflammation. Cyclic MKEY TFA also protects against stroke-induced brain injury in mice .
Cyclic MKEY is a synthetic cyclic peptide inhibitor of CXCL4-CCL5 heterodimer formation, which protects against atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysm formation by mediating inflammation. Cyclic MKEY also protects against stroke-induced brain injury in mice .
(D-Lys16)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, mouse, ovine, porcine, rabbit, rat) is the reaction product with gadolinium tetraazacyclododecanetriacetate derivative. (D-Lys16)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, mouse, ovine, porcine, rabbit, rat) involves in preparation of tetraazacyclododecane macrocycle metal complexes for production of conjugates with biomolecules and for use as NMR contrast agents, radiodiagnostic agents and for radioresearch .
TAT-CIRP is a a small peptide, refers to Trans-trans-activating (Tat)-cold-inducible RNA binding protein. TAT-CIRP is an inhibitor of myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2). TAT-CIRP exhibits robust neuroprotection against ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in mice .
AC 187 is a potent and orally active amylin receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 0.48 nM and a Ki of 0.275 nM. AC 187 shows more selective for amylin receptor than calcitonin and CGRP receptors. AC 187 has neuroprotective effects .
AC 187 TFA is a potent and orally active amylin receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 0.48 nM and a Ki of 0.275 nM. AC 187 TFA shows more selective for amylin receptor than calcitonin and CGRP receptors. AC 187 TFA has neuroprotective effects .
β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) is an opioid antagonist that binds μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors with Kis of 5.31, 6.17, and 39.82 nM, respectively. β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) inhibits β-Endorphin (HY-P1502)-induced and etorphine-induced analgesia .
cPcAMP1/26 is an antimicrobial peptide. cPcAMP1/26 effectively kills A.hydrophila and S. aureus. cPcAMP1/26 induces depolarization of the bacterial plasma membrane, and increases intracellular ROS levels .
(Des-Thr5)-Glucagon is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Des-Thr7)-Glucagon is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Cathepsin G acts as a potent agonist of human platelet activation leading to their aggregation., and can be used for screening of relevant inhibitors .
[Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide is a potent and peptide antagonist of the glucagon receptor, with a pA2 of 7.2. [Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide is potentially useful in the study of the pathogenesis of diabetes .
[Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide TFA is a potent and peptide antagonist of the glucagon receptor, with a pA2 of 7.2. [Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide TFA is potentially useful in the study of the pathogenesis of diabetes .
VIP Guinea pig (Vasoactive intestinal peptide), a trophic and mitogenic factor, stimulates growth in whole cultured embryos. VIP Guinea pig functions as a simple gastrointestinal hormone and suggest a possible neurotransmitter function .
VIP Guinea pig TFA (Vasoactive intestinal peptide), a trophic and mitogenic factor, stimulates growth in whole cultured embryos. VIP Guinea pig functions as a simple gastrointestinal hormone and suggest a possible neurotransmitter function .
Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human) is a potent, selective and reversible calpain inhibitor with Ki values of 0.2 nM and 6 μM for µ-calpain and cathepsin L, respectively .
Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human) TFA is a potent, selective and reversible calpain inhibitor with Ki values of 0.2 nM and 6 μM for µ-calpain and cathepsin L, respectively .
(Asp28)-Glucagon (1-29) (human, rat, porcine) is an optimized structure of glucagon, the 28th position is replaced by aspartic acid (Asp) which significantly increases the aqueous solubility of glucagon in a physiological pH buffer, has the same activity as glucagon .
Leumorphin, human is a potent kappa opioid receptor (κ opioid receptor) agonist. Leumorphin, human inhibits the contraction of the myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle preparation of the guinea pig ileum .
Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human), Negative Control is a control scramble peptide of Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human) (HY-P1081). Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human) is a potent, selective and reversible calpain inhibitor .
[D-p-Cl-Phe6,Leu17]-VIP is a competitive and selective antagonist of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor, with the IC50 of 125.8 nM. [D-p-Cl-Phe6,Leu17]-VIP has no activity on glucagon, secretin or GRF receptors .
[D-p-Cl-Phe6,Leu17]-VIP TFA is a competitive and selective antagonist of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor, with the IC50 of 125.8 nM. [D-p-Cl-Phe6,Leu17]-VIP TFA has no activity on glucagon, secretin or GRF receptors .
β-Endorphin, human, a prominent endogenous peptide, existing in the hypophysis cerebri and hypothalamus, is an agonist of opioid receptor, with preferred affinity for μ-opioid receptor and δ-opioid receptor; β-Endorphin, human exhibits antinociception activity.
GIP (1-30) amide,human is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) fragment. GIP is an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion and reduces postprandial glycaemic excursions. GIP (1-30) amide,human dose-dependently promotes insulin secretion over the range 10 -9-10 -6 M .
GIP (1-30) amide,human acetate is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) fragment. GIP is an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion and reduces postprandial glycaemic excursions. GIP (1-30) amide,human acetate dose-dependently promotes insulin secretion over the range 10 -9-10 -6 M .
GIP (1-30) amide, porcine is a full glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist with high affinity equal to native GIP(1-42) . GIP (1-30) amide, porcine is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and potent stimulator of insulin.
GIP (1-30) amide, porcine TFA is a full glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist with high affinity equal to native GIP(1-42) . GIP (1-30) amide, porcine is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and potent stimulator of insulin.
(Met(O)27)-Glucagon (1-29) (human, rat, porcine) is a modified glucagon. (Met(O)27)-Glucagon (1-29) (human, rat, porcine) has the same maximum glucose-synthesizing activity in rat hepatocytes as native glucagon, but it is less potent, suggesting a crucial role of methionine in the binding of glucagon to its hepatic receptor .
(D-Ala2)-GRF (1-29) amide (human) is a superagonist of GRF, exhibiting extremely high GH-releasing activity about 50 times that of GRF (1-29) in both pigs and rats .
TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) localized mainly at the mitochondria, prevents apoptotic cell death. TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) is a fusion peptide that combines the N-terminal cysteine conjugated protein transduction domain of HIV TAT protein (amino acids 49 to 57) with the Bcl-xL BH4 peptide. TAT-BH4 can be used for research of diseases caused by accelerated apoptosis .
TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) TFA is localized mainly at the mitochondria, prevents apoptotic cell death. TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) is a fusion peptide that combines the N-terminal cysteine conjugated protein transduction domain of HIV TAT protein (amino acids 49 to 57) with the Bcl-xL BH4 peptide. TAT-BH4 TFA can be used for research of diseases caused by accelerated apoptosis .
GIP (1-30)-Myr is the Myr-modified GIP (1-30), which is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) fragment. GIP is an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion and reduces postprandial glycaemic excursions. GIP (1-30) dose-dependently promotes insulin secretion over the range 10 -9-10 -6 M .
Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human, an NH2 terminal truncated adrenomedullin analogue, is an adrenomedullin receptor antagonist, and also antagonizes the calcitonin generelated peptide (CGRP) receptor in the hindlimb vascular bed of the cat .
Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human (22-52-Adrenomedullin human) TFA, an NH2 terminal truncated adrenomedullin analogue, is an adrenomedullin receptor antagonist. Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human also antagonizes the calcitonin generelated peptide (CGRP) receptor in the hindlimb vascular bed of the cat .
Acetyl-(D-Arg2)-GRF (1-29) amide (human) is an antagonist of growth hormone releasing factor (GRF). Acetyl-(D-Arg2)-GRF (1-29) amide (human) inhibits the release of growth hormone (GH) and can be used for endocrine research .
Acetyl-β-Endorphin (human) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
HD5 is a biological active peptide. (a natural lectin-like human defensins-5 (HD5) peptide secreted by the Paneth cells in the crypts of Lieberkuhn, could interact with glycosylated proteins and lipid components)
MR 409 is a selected growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) agonist. MR 409 has remarkable neuroprotective effects through enhancing endogenous neurogenesis in cerebral ischemic mice. MR 409 also inhibits the in vivo growth of lung cancer .
Peptide A5K (INF7-A5K-TAT) is an RNP delivery peptide that delivers CRISPR RNPs to T cells. Peptide A5K effectively edits T cells without substantial impact on T cell viability .
Peptide A5K (INF7-A5K-TAT acetate) acetate is a INF7-TAT derivative and is used for CRISPR RNP delivery into T cells. Peptide A5K acetate effectively promotes the delivery of Cas9 RNP to natural killer (NK) cells .
αA-Conotoxin PIVA is a selective mouse musclenAChR inhibitor with IC50 for adult and fetal mouse musclenAChR sub> values are 2.3 nM and 22 nM respectively. αA-Conotoxin PIVA can be used in the study of neurological diseases.
Pheromone Biosynthesis Activating Neuropeptide (Helicoverpa assulta, Heliothis zea) (PBAN), a member of the PBAN/Pyrokinin neuropeptide family, characterized by a common amino acid sequence FXPRLamide motif in the C-terminus .
Interleukin-6 fragment (human) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by lymphocytes and non-lymphocytes. The Interleukin-6 fragment (human) coding gene is located on human chromosome 7, with a length of approximately 5 kilobases. Interleukin-6 fragment (human) has potential applications in immune response, acute response, inflammation, tumors, and hematopoiesis .
Tat-peptide 168-189 is a cell-permeable and Tat-labeled fusion peptide, corresponding to residues 168-189 of rat G3BP1. Tat sequence from HIV, is placed at the least conserved end of the sequence, for cell permeability. Tat-peptide 168-189 is the negtive control of Tat-peptide 190-208 (HY-P5118), as Tat-peptide 190-208 increases axon growth and increases the number of neurites per neuron .
Tat-peptide 168-189 is a cell-permeable and Tat-labeled fusion peptide, corresponding to residues 168-189 of rat G3BP1. Tat sequence from HIV, is placed at the least conserved end of the sequence, for cell permeability. Tat-peptide 168-189 is the negtive control of Tat-peptide 168-189 TFA (HY-P5118A), as Tat-peptide 168-189 TFA increases axon growth and increases the number of neurites per neuron .
TAT-NSF700scr consists the intact TAT domain and glycine linker, followed by the NSF amino acids in a random order. TAT-NSF700scr is used as a control peptide that does not inhibit SNAREmediated exocytosis .
Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) acetate is a potent vasoconstrictor and hypertensive agent. Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) acetate is derived from the selective hydrolysis of big ET-1 by chymase .
Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and hypertensive agent. Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) TFA is derived from the selective hydrolysis of big ET-1 by chymase .
Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) is a potent vasoconstrictor and hypertensive agent. Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) is derived from the selective hydrolysis of big ET-1 by chymase .
TAT-NSF700 Fusion Peptide is a potent N-ethyl-maleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) inhibitor. TAT-NSF700 Fusion Peptide can readily permeate the cell membrane and interact with the intracellular organelle directly .
αC-Conotoxin PrXA is a paralytic peptide neurotoxin and a competitive nAChR antagonist, with IC50s of 1.8 nM (α1β1εδ, adult) and 3.0 nM (α1β1γδ, fetal), respectively. αC-Conotoxin PrXA competes with α-bungarotoxin at the α/δ and α/γ subunit interfaces of the nAChR, shows high specificity against neuromuscular nAChR .
Helospectin II is a neuropeptide of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) family. Helospectin II has vasodilatory and antihypertensive activities, and decreases blood pressure. Helospectin II is originally isolated from the salivary gland venom of the lizard Heloderma suspectum .
Human α-defensin 5 is an antiviral peptide. Human α-defensin 5 blocks infection of non-enveloped viruses, including AdV, HPV, and polyomaviruses (IC50: 0.6-1.25 μM for HPV16). Human α-defensin 5 can bind to the viral capsid and blocks escape of the virus from the endosome. Human α-defensin 5 increases HIV binding to the cell surface. Human α-defensin 5 also has parasiticidal activity .
Oxyntomodulin (human, mouse, rat) (Proglucagon (33-69)) is a product of the glucagon precursor. Oxyntomodulin (human, mouse, rat) contains the entire glucagon sequence plus a C-terminal octapeptide, comprising in total 37 amino acids.
TAT-GluN2BCTM is a membrane-permeable DAPK1-targeting peptide. TAT-GluN2BCTM targets active DAPK1 to lysosomes for degradation. TAT-GluN2BCTM protects neurons from oxidative stress and NMDAR-mediated excitotoxicity by knocking down DAPK1. TAT-GluN2BCTM can be used in the study of neuroprotection .
Bad BH3 (mouse) is a biological active peptide. (This is a bcl-2 binding peptide. This peptide is derived from the BH3 domain (a death domain) of Bad, amino acid residues 140 to 165.)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Adrenocorticotropic hormone regulates cortisol and androgen production .
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) TFA is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Adrenocorticotropic hormone regulates cortisol and androgen production .
PAP 248–286 is a biological active peptide. (Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (248-286), PAP (248-286) peptide is a semen-derived enhancer of viral infection (SEVI) factor found in semen. This peptide greatly increases HIV infection through enhanced virion attachment to target cells.)
GIP (1-39) (Gastric inhibitory peptide (1-39) (porcine)) is an insulinotropic peptide that stimulats insulin secretion from rat pancreatic islets. GIP (1-39) at 100 nM was able to significantly increase intracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+]i), and capable of enhancing exocytosis .
Heteropodatoxin-1 (HpTx1), a spider peptide toxin, is a Kv4.2 current inhibitor. Heteropodatoxin-1 also inhibits Nav1.7 and activates Nav1.9 but does not affect Nav1.8 .
Ceratotoxin-1 (CcoTx1), a peptide toxin, is an voltage-gated sodium channel subtypes inhibitor. Ceratotoxin-1 inhibits Nav1.1/β1, Nav1.2/β1, Nav1.4/β1, and Nav1.5/β1 with IC50 of 523 nM, 3 nM, 888 nM, and 323 nM, respectively. Ceratotoxin-1 also inhibits Nav1.8/β1 .
Cd1a is a β-toxin derived from the African spider Ceratogyrus darlingi. Cd1a can regulate calcium ion channels. Cd1a inhibits human calcium ion channels (Cav2.2)(IC502.6 μM) and mouse sodium ion channels (Nav1.7). Cd1a can be used in the development of peripheral pain treatment drugs .
Big endothelin-1 (rat 1-39) is a 39-residues peptide. Big endothelin-1 (rat 1-39) induces diuretic and natriuretic response in conscious Sprague-Dawley rats. Big endothelin-1 (rat 1-39) raises blood pressure in mice .
δ-Theraphotoxin-Hm1a toxin is a selective Nav1.1 activator. δ-Theraphotoxin-Hm1a toxin elicits pain and touch sensitivity. δ-Theraphotoxin-Hm1a toxin can be used for the research of irritable bowel syndrome .
Hemitoxin, a scorpion-venom peptide, is a K + channel blocker. Hemitoxin blocks rat Kv1.1, Kv1.2 and Kv1.3 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes with IC50 values of 13 nM, 16 nM and 2 nM, respectively .
FZD7 antagonist 1 (peptide 34) is a dFz7-21 analogue. FZD7 antagonist 1 is an FZD7 antagonist that inhibits the wnt3a with IC50 value of 9.2 nM. FZD7 antagonist 1 blocks TcdB−FZD interaction via targeting FZD receptors .
GIP, human, a peptide hormone consisting of 42 amino acids, is a stimulator of glucose-dependent insulin secretion and a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. GIP, human acts as an incretin hormone released from intestinal K cells in response to nutrient ingestion .
GIP, human TFA, a peptide hormone consisting of 42 amino acids, is a stimulator of glucose-dependent insulin secretion and a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. GIP, human TFA acts as an incretin hormone released from intestinal K cells in response to nutrient ingestion .
Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) is a fatty acid derivatized analog of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide with improved antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic properties. Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) can be used for research of diabetes, insulin resistance and obesity .
(Pro3) GIP, human ((Pro3) Gastric Inhibitory Peptide, human) is an efficacious, stable and specific human GIP receptor (hGIPR) full agonist. (Pro3) GIP, human has high binding affinity for human GIPR with Ki/ Kd values of 0.90 nM. (Pro3) GIP, human can be used for the research of obesity-related diabetes .
Big Endothelin-2 (human) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) TFA is a fatty acid derivatized analog of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide with improved antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic properties. Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) TFA can be used for research of diabetes, insulin resistance and obesity .
Hm1a is a disulfide-rich spider-venom peptide, and a NaV1.1 activator. Hm1a restores the function of inhibitory interneurons in Dravet syndrome (DS) mouse model .
GIP, rat is a biological active peptide. (GIP (Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide or also known as Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) is a 42-amino acid peptide released by the K cells of the duodenum and jejunum in response to food intake. GIP, together with GLP (Gastric-like Peptide) are members of the hormone peptide family of Incretins which stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic islet β-cells, and also appears to promote beta cell proliferation and beta cell survival. Recent studies suggest that GIP plays a role in lipid homeostasis and possibly in the pathogenesis of obesity.)
KTX-Sp2 is a potassium channel toxin. KTX-Sp2 effectively blocks three types of exogenous voltage-gated potassium channels: Kv1.1, Kv1.2 and Kv1.3. Ktx-Sp2 inhibits endogenous Kv1.3 and suppresses Ca 2+ signaling in Jurkat T cells. Ktx-Sp2 inhibits IL-2 secretion from activated Jurkat T cells .
[Pro3]-GIP (Mouse) is a GIP receptor antagonist (IC50: 2.6 μM). [Pro3]-GIP (Mouse) improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in ob/ob mice. [Pro3]-GIP (Mouse) can be used for research of type 2 diabetes .
[D-Ala2]-GIP (human) is a GIP receptor agonist. [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) improves glucose tolerance. [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) shows neuroprotective activity in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease model. [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) also improves cognitive function and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in obese diabetic rats. [D-Ala2]-GIP (human) can be used for research of type 2 diabetes, Parkinson's disease, etc
Jingzhaotoxin-V is a peptide that inhibits potassium currents in Xenopus laevis oocytes with an IC50 value of 604.2 nM. Jingzhaotoxin-V also inhibits tetrodotoxin-resistant and tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons with IC50 values of 27.6 and 30.2 nM, respectively .
VSTx-3 is a KV channel blocker. VSTx-3 is demonstrated to be a potent, TTX-sensitive sodium channel blocker and especially, a potent blocker of NaV1.8 channels (IC50 0.19 μM for hNaV1.3, 0.43 μM for hNaV1.7 and 0.77 μM for hNaV1.8 channels).
GIP, rat TFA is a bioactive peptide of rat origin. (GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide or also known as gastric inhibitory polypeptide) is a 42-amino acid peptide released by K cells in the duodenum and jejunum in response to food intake. GIP and GLP (gastric-like peptide) are both intestinal A member of the insulinotropic hormone peptide family that stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and appears to also promote beta cell proliferation and beta cell survival. Recent studies suggest that GIP plays a role in lipid homeostasis and may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity function in the mechanism.
(Pro3) GIP, human TFA is an efficacious, stable and specific human GIP receptor (hGIPR) full agonist. (Pro3) GIP, human TFA has high binding affinity for human GIPR with Ki/ Kd value of 0.90 nM. (Pro3) GIP, human TFA human can be used for the research of obesity-related diabetes .
Human growth hormone-releasing factor (Growth Hormone Releasing Factor human) is a hypothalamic polypeptide and stimulates GH production and release by binding to the GHRH Receptor (GHRHR) on cells in the anterior pituitary .
Adrenomedullin (11-50), rat is the C-terminal fragment (11-50) of rat adrenomedullin. Rat adrenomedullin induces a selective arterial vasodilation via CGRP1 receptors .
Big Endothelin-1 (1-39), porcine is the precursor of endothelin-1. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasopressor peptide. Big Endothelin-1 (1-39), porcine has similar pressor effects in vivo .
Human growth hormone-releasing factor TFA (Growth Hormone Releasing Factor human TFA) is a hypothalamic polypeptide and stimulates GH production and release by binding to the GHRH Receptor (GHRHR) on cells in the anterior pituitary .
Big Endothelin-1 (rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Maurotoxin is a 34-residue and four disulde-bridged toxin that can be isolated from the chactoid scorpion (Scorpio maurus). Maurotoxin inhibits the Shakerpotassium channels (ShB) K + current with an IC50 of 2 nM .
Spinoxin isolated from the venom of scorpion Heterometrus spinifer, is a 34-residue peptide neurotoxin cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. Spinoxin is a potent inhibitor of Kv1.3 potassium channel (IC50 = 63 nM), considering to be valid molecular targets in the diagnostics and therapy of various autoimmune disorders and cancers .
Noxiustoxin is a toxin from the venom of the Mexican scorpion Centruroides noxius which block voltage-dependent potassium channel (Kv1.3, IC50 = 360 nM), and calcium-activated potassium channel. Noxiustoxin plays an important role in neuroinflammatory disease .
Aeschna defensing is an antimicrobial peptide derived from hemolymph of dragonfly aquatic larvae. Aeschna defensing has strong activity against gram-positive bacteria .
S961 is an high-affinity and selective insulin receptor (IR) antagonist with IC50s of 0.048, 0.027, and 630 nM for HIR-A, HIR-B, and human insulin-like growth factor I receptor (HIGF-IR) in SPA-assay, respectively .
Tirzepatide (LY3298176) is a glucose-dependent insulin nutritive polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor dual agonist. Tirzepatide has neuroprotective effects and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, diabetes-related neuropathy and obesity .
Tirzepatide hydrochloride (LY3298176 hydrochloride) is a glucose-dependent insulin nutritive polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor dual agonist. Tirzepatide hydrochloride has neuroprotective effects and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, diabetes-related neuropathy and obesity .
S961 TFA is an high-affinity and selective insulin receptor (IR) antagonist with IC50s of 0.048, 0.027, and 630 nM for HIR-A, HIR-B, and human insulin-like growth factor I receptor (HIGF-IR) in SPA-assay, respectively .
SNX-482, a peptidyl toxin of the spider Hysterocrates gigas, is a potent, high affinity, selective and voltage-dependent R-type CaV2.3 channel blocker with an IC50 of 30 nM. SNX-482 has antinociceptive effect .
S961 acetate is an high-affinity and selective insulin receptor (IR) antagonist with IC50s of 0.048, 0.027, and 630 nM for HIR-A, HIR-B, and human insulin-like growth factor I receptor (HIGF-IR) in SPA-assay, respectively .
Tirzepatide TFA (LY3298176 hydrochloride) is a glucose-dependent insulin nutritive polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor dual agonist. Tirzepatide TFA has neuroprotective effects and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, diabetes-related neuropathy and obesity .
Purotoxin 1 is a P2X3 receptor inhibitor. Purotoxin 1 shows antinociceptive properties in animal models of inflammatory pain. Purotoxin 1 can be isolated from the venom of the wolf spider Geolycosa sp .
Vm24-toxin is a toxin peptide that can be isolated from the Mexican scorpion Vaejovis mexicanus smithy. Vm24-toxin is an inhibitor of Kv1.3 potassium channel .
Human β-defensin-3 (HβD-3) is an antibiotic anti-microbial peptide produced by epithelial cells with antimicrobial activities and reduces the effect of inflammatory cytokine responses. Human β-defensin-3 is against different microbes with IC90 values of 6-25 μg/ml .
Obtustatin is a non-RGD disintegrin of 41 residues. Obtustatin can be isolated from Vipera lebetina obtusa venom. Obtustatin is a potent and selective inhibitor of the adhesion of integrin α1β1 to collagen IV. Obtustatin inhibits angiogenesis, and can be used for research of cancer .
Obtustatin triacetate is a 41-residue non-RGD disintegrin. Obtustatin triacetate can be isolated from the venom of Vipera lebetina obtusa. Obtustatin triacetate is a potent and selective inhibitor of integrin α1β1 adhesion to type IV collagen. Obtustatin triacetate inhibits angiogenesis and may be used in cancer research .
CART(55-102)(rat) TFA is a rat satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(rat) TFA is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y. CART(55-102)(rat) TFA can induces anxiety and stress-related behavior .
CART(55-102)(human) TFA is a human satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(human) TFA is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y .
CART(55-102)(human) is an endogenous satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(human) is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y .
CART(55-102)(rat) is a rat satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(rat) is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y. CART(55-102)(rat) can induces anxiety and stress-related behavior .
Mambalgin-1 is a toxin isolated from black mamba venom. Mambalgin-1 is a disulfide-rich polypeptide consisting of 57 amino acids and belongs to the family of three-finger toxins. Mambalgin-1 can bind to and stabilize ASICs (acid-sensing ion channels) in a physiologically relevant closed-channel conformation .
Agouti-related Protein (AGRP) (83-132) Amide (human) is a fragment of agouti-related protein (AGRP) which is a protein found in abundance in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. AgRP primarily acts as an inverse agonist for the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) to increase food intake .
LiTx3 is a lethal and cysteine-rich peptide. LiTx3 can be isolated from L. intermedia crude venom. LiTx3 induces flaccid paralysis in Spodoptera frugiperda larvae .
Galanin-Like Peptide (human) is a 60 amino acid neuropeptide. Galanin-Like Peptide (human) plays an important role in the regulation of feeding, body weight and energy metabolism .
Galanin-Like Peptide (porcine) is a 60 amino acid neuropeptide that was first isolated from the porcine hypothalamus. Galanin-Like Peptide (porcine) has a high affinity for the GALR2 receptor (IC50 of 0.24 nM) and a lower affinity for the GALR1 receptor (IC50 of 4.3 nM) .
Galanin-Like Peptide (rat) is a 60 amino acid neuropeptide. Galanin-Like Peptide (rat) plays an important role in the regulation of feeding, body weight and energy metabolism .
Agouti-related Protein (AGRP) (83-132) Amide (human) TFA is a fragment of agouti-related protein (AGRP) which is a protein found in abundance in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. AgRP primarily acts as an inverse agonist for the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) to increase food intake .
Calcicludine is a protein toxin from the venom of the green mamba Dendroaspis angusticeps that inhibits high-voltage-activated calcium channel, especially L-type calcium channel with the IC50 of 88 nM. Calcicludine has role in excitatory synaptic transmission .
Pegmolesatide(HS-20039; EPO-018B) a synthetic peptide-based erythropoiesis-stimulating agent, can be used for ??the study of anemia in chronic kidney disease .
SDF-1α (human) is a mononuclear cells chemoattractant that can bind to CXCR4. SDF-1α plays a central role in stem cell homing, retention, survival, proliferation, cardiomyocyte repair, angiogenesis and ventricular remodelling following myocardial infarction. SDF-1α (human) can be used in cardiovascular disease research .
α-Bungarotoxin is a competitive antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). α-Bungarotoxin, a selective α7 receptor blocker, blocks α7 currents with an IC50 of 1.6 nM and has no effects on α3β4 currents at concentrations up to 3 μM .
FITC-α-Bungarotoxin is the FITC labelled α-Bungarotoxin (HY-P1264). α-Bungarotoxin is a competitive antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) .
Biotin-α-Bungarotoxin is the Biotin labelled α-Bungarotoxin (HY-P1264). α-Bungarotoxin is a competitive antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) .
C5a Anaphylatoxin (human) is a pro-inflammatory peptide and a leukocyte chemoattractant. C5a Anaphylatoxin (human) can be used to study inflammation and immunity, such as allergic asthma .
PINT-87aa, an 87-amino acid (aa) peptide, is encoded by the circular form of the long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA p53-induced transcript (LINC-PINT). PINT-87aa directly interacts with polymerase associated factor complex (PAF1c) and inhibits the transcriptional elongation of multiple oncogenes. PINT-87aa suppresses glioblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo .
PINT-87aa TFA, an 87-amino acid (aa) peptide, is encoded by the circular form of the long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA p53-induced transcript (LINC-PINT). PINT-87aa TFA directly interacts with polymerase associated factor complex (PAF1c) and inhibits the transcriptional elongation of multiple oncogenes. PINT-87aa TFA suppresses glioblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo .
Angiotensin II (1-4), human is an endogenous peptide produced from AT I by angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II binds the AT II type 1 (AT1) receptor, stimulating GPCRs in vascular smooth muscle cells and increasing intracellular Ca 2+ levels. Angiotensin II also acts at the Na +/H + exchanger in the proximal tubules of the kidney .
Angiotensin II (1-4), human (TFA) is an endogenous peptide produced from AT I by angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II binds the AT II type 1 (AT1) receptor, stimulating GPCRs in vascular smooth muscle cells and increasing intracellular Ca 2+ levels. Angiotensin II also acts at the Na +/H + exchanger in the proximal tubules of the kidney .
Pendetide is a chelating agent, can be conjugated with Indium (111In) Capromab for further diagnostic use. Capromab pendetide is a FDA-approved imaging agent for the detection of soft tissue metastases in prostate carcinoma .
[Leu5]-Enkephalin is a pentapeptide with morphine like properties. [Leu5]-Enkephalin is a five amino acid endogenous peptide that acts as an agonist at opioid receptors.
Endomorphin 2, a high affinity, highly selective agonist of the μ-opioid receptor, displays reasonable affinities for kappa3 binding sites, with Ki value between 20 and 30 nM.
Endomorphin 1, a high affinity, highly selective agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (Ki: 1.11 nM), displays reasonable affinities for kappa3 binding sites, with Ki value between 20 and 30 nM. Endomorphin 1 has antinociceptive properties .
Gluten exorphin C is an opioid peptide derived from wheat gluten. Its IC50 values are 40 μM and 13.5 μM for μ opioid and δ opioid activities in the GPI and MVD assays, respectively.
Gluten Exorphin B5 is an exogenous opioid peptides derived from wheat gluten, acts on opioid receptor, increases postprandial plasma insulin level in rats .
Thymopentin acetate is a biologically active peptide secreted mainly by the epithelial cells of thymic cortex and medulla. Thymopentin acetate is an effective immunomodulatory agent with a short plasma half-life of 30 seconds. Thymopentin acetate enhances the generation of T-cell lineage derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) .
Angiotensin I/II 1-5 TFA is a peptide that contains the amino acids 1-5, which is converted from Angiotensin I/II. Angiotensin I is formed by the action of renin on angiotensinogen. Angiotensin II is produced from angiotensin I. Angiotensin II has been investigated for the treatment, basic science, and diagnostic of Hypertension, Renin Angiotensin System, and Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy .
Angiotensin I/II (1-6) TFA contains the amino acids 1-6 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II peptide. The precursor angiotensinogen is cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I. Angiotensin I ishydrolyzed by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to form the biologically active angiotensin II. Angiotensin II has been investigated for the treatment, basic science, and diagnostic of Hypertension, Renin Angiotensin System, and Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy .
Bilaid C, a tetrapeptide, can be isolated from the Australian estuarine isolate of Penicillium sp. MST-MF667. Bilaid C is also a potent and selective μ-Opioid Receptor (MOPr) agonist (Ki=210 nM, hMOPr) .
Acetyl-PHF4 amide is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
PHF6 (VQIVYK) is a self-assembly sequence capable of initiating the full-length tau protein aggregation and is mapped to the third microtubule-binding repeat region of the tau protein .
DALDA acetate is a potent and highly selective μ-opioid receptor agonist with a Ki of 1.69 nM. DALDA acetate shows antinociceptive and respiratory effects .
Ac-YVAD-pNA is a specific Caspase-1 substrate. Ac-YVAD-pNA can be used to detect Caspase-1 activity. Caspase-1 is a key mediator of inflammatory processes .
KLK7/ELA2-IN-1 is a potent kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7) and epidermal elastase 2 (ELA2) inhibitor with IC50s of 6 nM and 55 nM, respectively (WO2009024527A1, Example 4) .
hNTS1R agonist-1 (Compound 10) is a BBB permeable hNTS1R full agonist (Ki: 6.9 nM) . hNTS1R agonist-1 increases motor function and memory in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). hNTS1R agonist-1 is a Neurotensin(8-13) analog and is a neuroprotective agent .
EE epitope is a biological active peptide. (This peptide is a 314 to 319 amino acids fragment of the middle T antigen of mouse polymavirus. Glu-Glu epitope peptide is widely used as an epitope tag.Pyroglutamyl (pGlu) peptides may spontaneously form when either Glutamine (Q) or Glutamic acid (E) is located at the sequence N-terminus. The conversion of Q or E to pGlu is a natural occurrence and in general it is believed that the hydrophobic γ-lactam ring of pGlu may play a role in peptide stability against gastrointestinal proteases. Pyroglutamyl peptides are therefore considered a normal subset of such peptides and are included as part of the peptide purity during HPLC analysis.)
Ac-YEVD-AMC is a fluorescent substrate of caspase-1/11. Ac-YEVD-AMC releases amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) for fluorescence detection when treating with cell lysate .
Hemorphin-7 is a hemorphin peptide, an endogenous opioid peptide derived from the β-chain of hemoglobin. Hemorphin peptides exhibits antinociceptive and antihypertensive activities, activating opioid receptors and inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).
Angiotensin III, human, mouse is a heptapeptide, acts as an endogenous angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) agonist, with IC50s of 0.648 nM and 21.1 nM for AT2R and AT1R, respectively.
PAR-4 Agonist Peptide, amide TFA (PAR-4-AP TFA; AY-NH2 TFA) is a proteinase-activated receptor-4 (PAR-4) agonist, which has no effect on either PAR-1 or PAR-2 and whose effects are blocked by a PAR-4 antagonist .
WKYMVM (TFA) is a potent N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR1) and FPRL1/2 agonist, also activates several leukocyte effector functions such as chemotaxis, mobilization of complement receptor-3, and activation of the NADPH oxidase .
Spinorphin TFA is an inhibitor of enkephalin-degrading enzymes. Spinorphin inhibits aminopeptidase, dipeptidyl aminopeptidase III, angiotensin-converting enzyme and enkephalinase. Spinorphin possesses an antinociceptive effect .
Alamandine, a member of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a vasoactive peptide, is an endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor MrgD. Alamandine targets to protect the kidney and heart through anti-hypertensive actions .
Angiotensin 1-7 (Ang-(1-7)) acetate is an endogenous heptapeptide from the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with a cardioprotective role due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities in cardiac cells. Angiotensin 1-7 acetate inhibits purified canine ACE activity (IC50=0.65 μM). Angiotensin 1-7 acetate acts as a local synergistic modulator of kinin-induced vasodilation by inhibiting ACE and releasing nitric oxide. Angiotensin 1-7 acetate blocks Ang II-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation and hypertrophy and shows antiangiogenic and growth-inhibitory effects on the endothelium .
Aclerastide (DSC-127) is an angiotensin receptor agonist. Aclerastide also is a peptide analog of angiotensin II. Aclerastide can be used for the research of tissue regeneration in diabetic ulcers .
DSLET ([D-Ser2, Leu5, Thr6]-enkephalin) is a highly specific agonist of the δ-receptor. DSLET is an enkephalin-related peptide selectively bound to the δ opioid receptor .
Amyloid-Forming peptide GNNQQNY is a biological active peptide. (This is a heptapeptide from the N-terminal prion-determining domain of the yeast protein Sup35 that forms amyloid fibrils. The availability of its detailed atomic oligomeric structure makes it a good model for studying the early stage of aggregation. The GNNQQNY dimer forms three stable sheet structures. in-register parallel, off-register parallel, and anti-parallel. The in-register parallel dimer, which is close to the amyloid beta-sheet structure, has few interpeptide hydrogen bonds, making hydrophobic interactions more important and increasing the conformational entropy compared to the anti-parallel sheet.)
YFLLRNP is a biological active peptide. (a partial agonist of PAR-1. YFLLRNP selectively active G12/13 signaling pathway without activating Gq or Gi pathways at low concentrations. YFLLRNP (60 μM))
Biphalin TFA, a BBB-penetrable opioid peptide analog, contains two active enkephalin pharmacophores. Biphalin TFA has high affinity for opioid receptors. Biphalin TFA shows analgesic effect in acute, neuropathic, and chronic animal pain models. Biphalin TFA is also an antiviral, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective agent .
IPL344 protects cells of various types from pro-apoptotic pressures and activates the Akt signaling system. IPL344 can be used for research of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) .
Angiotensin II (Angiotensin II) is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway .
X-press Tag Peptide is a tag peptide used for protein purification. X-press Tag is also an N-terminal leader peptide; this N-terminal peptide contains a polyhistidine sequence, the Xpress epitope (part of bacteriophage T7 gene 10 protein) and an enterokinase cleavage site. Anti-Xpress antibodies recognize the Xpress epitope sequence found in this leader peptide.
Peptide T is an octapeptide from the V2 region of HIV-1 gp120. Peptide T is a ligand for the CD4 receptor and prevents binding of HIV to the CD4 receptor.
RNAIII-inhibiting peptide(TFA) is a potent inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus, effective in the diseases such as cellulitis, keratitis, septic arthritis, osteomylitis and mastitis.
[Sar1, Ile8]-Angiotensin II is a peptide that has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contraction of normal arteries and hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cultured cells or diseased vessels.
Peptide T (TFA) is an octapeptide from the V2 region of HIV-1 gp120. Peptide T is a ligand for the CD4 receptor and prevents binding of HIV to the CD4 receptor.
[Sar1, Ile8]-Angiotensin II (TFA) is a peptide that has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contraction of normal arteries and hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cultured cells or diseased vessels.
WKYMVM is a potent N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR1) and FPRL1/2 agonist, also activates several leukocyte effector functions such as chemotaxis, mobilization of complement receptor-3, and activation of the NADPH oxidase .
TRV120027 TFA, a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), engages ß-arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling . TRV120027 TFA induces acute catecholamine secretion through cation channel subfamily C3 (TRPC3) coupling, promotes the formation of a macromolecular complex composed of AT1R–β-arrestin-1–TRPC3–PLCγ at the plasma membrane. TRV120027 TFA inhibits angiotensin II–mediated vasoconstriction and increases cardiomyocyte contractility. TRV120027 TFA has the potential for the acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) treatment .
Saralasin ([Sar1,Ala8] Angiotensin II) TFA is an octapeptide analog of angiotensin II. Saralasin TFA is a competitive angiotensin II receptor antagonist with a Ki value of 0.32 nM for 74% of the binding sites, and has partial agonist activity as well. Saralasin TFA can be used for the research of renovascular hypertension, renin-dependent (angiotensinogenic) hypertension .
Angiotensin II human (Angiotensin II) acetate is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human acetate plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human acetate stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human acetate induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human acetate also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II human acetate induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway .
TRV120056 is a Gq-biased agonists, exhibits 10-fold larger molecular efficacies at the AT1R-Gq fusion protein compared with the AT1R-βarr2 fusion protein .
Dynorphin A (1-8) is the predominant opioid peptide identified in placental tissue extracts. Dynorphin A (1-8) is the most likely natural ligand of the kappa receptor. The binding of 3H-Bremazocine to the purified kappa receptor is inhibited by Dynorphin A (1-8) (IC50=303 nM) .
Acetyl-PHF6KE amide is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Acetyl-PHF6QV amide is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Leu6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH (4-9) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Neurotensin (1-8) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Trp6)-LHRH (1-6) amide is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
VPLSLYSG is an octapeptide that can be degraded by matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), MMP-1 and MMP-2. VPLSLYSG has potential applications in MMP substrates .
bFGF (119-126) is a biological active peptide. (This peptide corresponds to human, bovine (119-126), mouse, rat (118-125) and Heparin-Binding Growth Factor 2 (118-125) residues of bFGF. It inhibits dimerization and activation of bFGF receptors.)
B8R 20-27 is a biological active peptide. (This is amino acids 20 to 27 fragment of B8R, a vaccinia virus (VV) gene that encodes a secreted protein related to gamma interferon receptor. B8R binding to IFN-g neutralizes its antiviral activity.)
PKCε (85-92) is a biological active peptide. (This peptide is the e-PKC specific activator, it also activates MARCKS phosphorylation in wild type cells, and has no effect on MARCKS phosphorylation in the cells derived from knockout mice.)
Angiotensin A is a renin–angiotensin system (RAS) peptide that causes a vasoconstrictive effect dependent on AT1 receptors. Angiotensin A elicits pressor and renal vasoconstrictor responses in normotensive and hypertensive rats .
?PKC(85–92),Myristoylated is a cell permeable myristic acid conjugated PKC? peptide activator that enhances NO release in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) .
Angiotensin II antipeptide, a peptide, is an inverse agonist of AR1 receptor. Angiotensin II antipeptide is encoded by mRNA, complementary to that encoding Angiotensin II (HY-13948) itself .
GP(33-41), a 9-aa-long peptide, is the optimal sequence of the GP1 epitope of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and can upregulate H-2D b molecules at the RMA-S (Db Kb) cell surface with a SC50 of 344 nM .
LCMV gp33-41, the carboxyl-extended 11-aa-long peptide, is an lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus sequence restricted by MHC class I H-2Db molecules and presented to cytotoxic T lymphocytes .
BCMA72-80 is a HLA-A2-specific B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) peptide, with great affinity to HLA-A2, used in the research of multiple myeloma or other B-cell maturation antigen expressing tumors .
mTRP-2 (180-188) is a murine tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2) -derived peptide, corresponding to residues 180-188. TRP-2 (180-188) is identified as the major reactive epitope within TRP-2 recognized by anti-B16 CTLs .
PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat is a PAC1 receptor activator and increases the α-secretase activity. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat elevates cytosolic Ca 2+, increases proliferation and increases phosphorylation of extracellular regulates kinase (ERK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat can be used for neurotrophic and neuroprotective research .
Tyrosinase 369-377, human is a HLA-A2.1-restricted epitope derived from tyrosinase, has been used to develop tumor-targeted vaccines with mixed efficacy .
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) E7 protein (49-57) is the H-2 d-restricted human papillomavirus (HPV) E749-57 epitope (short peptide spanning the 49th to 57th amino acid residues in the E7 protein) .
LCMV gp33-41 (TFA), the carboxyl-extended 11-aa-long peptide, is an lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus sequence restricted by MHC class I H-2Db molecules and presented to cytotoxic T lymphocytes .
PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA is a PAC1 receptor activator and increases the α-secretase activity. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA elevates cytosolic Ca 2+, increases proliferation and increases phosphorylation of extracellular regulates kinase (ERK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA can be used for neurotrophic and neuroprotective research .
Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) (200-208) is a marker gene product derived from the jellyfish Aequorea Victoria. Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) (200-208) is a common reporter protein and is easy to detect .
Neuromedin U-8 (porcine) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Leu6)-LHRH (1-8) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
PDC31 (THG113.31; ILGHXDYK) is an allosteric and non-competitive inhibitor of FP Prostaglandin Receptor. PDC31 is the D-amino acid-based oligopeptide, is used for smooth muscle contractile agent. PDC31 decreases the strength and duration of uterine contractions in vivo, which can be used for research of preterm labor and primary dysmenorrhea (PD). PDC31 also enhances Ca 2+-dependent large-conductance K +-channel in human myometrial cells .
YLLEMLWRL is an HLA-A2-restricted T cell epitope sequence corresponding to codon 125-133. Among them, YLLEMLWRL sequence is the main mutation site of HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitope sequence .
Deltorphin (Deltorphin A; Dermenkephalin) is a biological active peptide. (Deltorphin A peptide was isolated from skin extracts of the South American frog, Phyllomedusa sauvagei. Deltorphin A is a potent and selective agonist for the delta-opioid receptor.)
IGRP(206-214) is a biological active peptide. (This peptide corresponds to residues 206–214 of murine islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit–related protein (IGRP). This peptide is T cells specific for proinsulin and IGRP induces diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.)
PKCα (C2-4) inhibitor peptide is a PKCα‐specific inhibitor peptide that blocks the inhibition of IKr by the α1A‐adrenoreceptor agonist A-61603 (HY-101366) .
Dynorphin B (1-9) is a neuropeptide and N-terminal cleavage product of dynorphin B. The formation of dynorphin B (1-9) is blocked by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), a non-selective inhibitor of cysteine peptidases .
Pressinoic Acid is a synthetic hexapeptide with potent corticotrophin-releasing activity. Pressinoic Acid is also an oxytocin inhibitor; it induces maternal behavior.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (1-10), human, an adrenocorticotropin hormone fragment, possesses a weak α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) potency only at high doses (100 and 1000 nM).
Small Cardioactive Peptide B (SCPB), a neurally active peptide, stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in particulate fractions of both heart and gill tissues with EC50s of 0.1 and 1.0 μM, respectively.
Dynorphin A (1-10) an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds to extracellular loop 2 of the κ-opioid receptor. Dynorphin A (1-10) also blocks NMDA-activated current with an IC50 of 42.0 μM.
Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA), an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds to extracellular loop 2 of the κ-opioid receptor. Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA) also blocks NMDA-activated current with an IC50 of 42.0 μM.
HPV16-E711-20 epitope is a well-known HLA-A *0201-restricted human cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope of the HPV16 E7 protein that shows high-affinity binding to HLA-A2 in vitro. HPV16 CTL epitopes may be good candidates for the development of an effective peptide-based antitumor vaccine .
[Gln8]-C517 (LH-RH), chicken is an avian hypothalamic peptide, which stimulates release of gonadotropins from anterior pituitary, thus regulating reproductive functions.
(Des-Pyr1)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Des-Pyr1,Des-Gly10,D-Leu6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Des-Gly10,Des-Ser4,D-Leu6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
LHRH (free acid), the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, is a neuropeptide hypothalamic. LHRH regulates reproduction. LHRH can be used for the research of cancer .
Reltecimod (AB-103) TFA is a T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 (TP44) antagonist. Reltecimod TFA has beneficial effects against different bacterial infections, their exotoxins and endotoxins, and ionizing radiation. Reltecimod TFA modulates the inflammatory response by targeting and attenuating the critical CD28/B7-2 co-stimulatory pathway, without inhibiting it. Reltecimod TFA can be used to research necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) .
Biotin-Ahx-Angiotensin II human (Biotin-Ahx-Angiotensin II; Biotin-Ahx-Ang II; Biotin-Ahx-DRVYIHPF) is a biological active peptide. (biotin labeled HY-13948)
Angiotensin II human, FAM-labeled (Angiotensin II, FAM-labeled ; Ang II, FAM-labeled ; DRVYIHPF, FAM-labeled) is a biological active peptide. (FAM labeled HY-13948)
10Panx is a biological active peptide. (This is a Pannexin-1 (Panx1) mimetic blocking peptide. Pannexin-1 is a recently identified membrane protein that can form gap junction-like connections allowing intercellular passage of dyes when overexpressed in two adjacent oocytes or mammalian epithelial cell lines. Blockade of pannexin-1 in macrophage endogenously expressing the ATP-gated P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) blocks the initial dye uptake, but not the ionic current, and also blocks processing and release of interleukin-1b (IL-1b) in response to P2X7R activation.)
4N1K peptide is a biological active peptide. (4N1K-peptide (KRFYVVMWKK), which is derived from thrombospondins has anti-cancer activities in several cancers)
PKCd (8-17) is a biological active peptide. (This peptide is derived from the V1 domain of protein kinase C (PKC)d. It inhibits phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced PKCd translocation and activation. Inhibition of PKCd reduces ischemia damage in cardiac and cerebral cells, induces proliferation of fibroblasts, and inhibits graft coronary artery disease in mice.)
Type A Allatostatin III (allatostatin 3) is a blood-brain barrier permeable and reversible neuropeptide that inhibits hormone synthesis in juvenile female cockroaches. Type A Allatostatin III can be used in pesticide research .
Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LH-RH), salmon (Salmon GnRH) is the hypophysiotropic decapeptide synthesized in the hypothalamus that plays a crucial role in the control of reproductive functions.
TAT (YGRKKRRQRRR) is derived from the transactivator of transcription (TAT) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and is a cell-penetrating peptide. TAT can increase the yields and the solubility of heterologous proteins .
Kisspeptin-10, human is a potent vasoconstrictor and inhibitor of angiogenesis. Kisspeptin-10, human acts as a tumor metastasis suppressor via its receptor GPR54. Kisspeptin-10-GPR54 system plays an important role in embryonic kidney development. Kisspeptin-10/GPR54 signaling induces osteoblast differentiation via NFATc4-mediated BMP2 expression .
Caerulein, desulfated is the desulfurated form of Caerulein. Caerulein is a decapeptide having the same five carboxyl-terminal amino acids as gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) .
Myelin Basic Protein (MHP4-14), a synthetic peptide comprising residues 4-14 of myelin basic protein, is a very selective PKC substrate (Km=7 μM). Myelin Basic Protein is not phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, casein kinases I and II, Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, or phosphorylase kinase, and can be routinely used for the assay of protein kinase C with low background in the crude tissue extracts .
Glycoprotein (276-286) is a Db-restricted peptide derived from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) glycoprotein (GP), corresponds to amino acids 276-286[1].
Caerulein, desulfated TFA is the desulfurated form of Caerulein. Caerulein is a decapeptide having the same five carboxyl-terminal amino acids as gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) .
(Des-Gly10,D-Leu6,Orn8,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Trp6)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Trp6)-LHRH (2-10) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
WRVYEKC(dnp)ALK tetraTFA contains tryptophan that can be liberated from the dinitrophenol (DNP) quencher by aminopeptidase activity. WRVYEKC(dnp)ALK tetraTFA can be used as a hydrolysis reaction decapeptide substrate .
AR-M1896 is a GalR2 selective agonist with a binding IC50 of 1.76 nM for rat GalR2. AR-M1896 can be used for the research of acute myocardial infarction and neuropathic pain .
FAM-DEALA-Hyp-YIPD is a fluorescent HIF-1α peptide, with the Kd of 180-560 nM. FAM-DEALA-Hyp-YIPD can be used to assess VHL binding in Fluorescence Polarization (FP) displacement assay, and evaluate the effect of VHL binding on degradation activity .
Biotinyl-Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat) is biotin-labeled Angiotensin I . Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat) is the precursor to the vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II, cleaved by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) .
Ceruletide is a decapeptide and a potent cholecystokinin receptor agonist. Ceruletide is a safe and effective cholecystokinetic agent with a direct spasmogenic effect on the gallbladder muscle and bile ducts .
IGF-I (30-41) is amino acids 30 to 41 fragment of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I). IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic GH activities although it possesses a wide number of own properties (anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions) .
Abl Cytosolic Substrate is a substrate for Abelson tyrosine kinase (Abl ). Abl Protein Tyrosine Kinase (AbI) is a truncated form of the v-AbI Protein Tyrosine Kinase, a partner in the Gag-Abl fusion protein of the Abelson murine leukemia virus .
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) 174-185 is the 174-185 fragment of C-Reactive Protein. C-Reactive Protein (CRP), the prototypic marker of inflammation, is a cardiovascular risk marker and may promote atherogenesis .
IGF-I (30-41) (TFA) is amino acids 30 to 41 fragment of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I). IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic GH activities although it possesses a wide number of own properties (anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions) .
CTAP TFA is a potent, highly selective, and BBB penetrant μ opioid receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 3.5 nM. CTAP TFA displays over 1200-fold selectivity over δ opioid (IC50=4500 nM) and somatostatin receptors. CTAP TFA can be used for the study of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) and opiate overdose or addiction .
D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP TFA is a selective agonist of vasopressin V1b receptor, with the Kis of 0.16 nM, 0.52 nM, and 0.1.38 nM for rat, human and mouse V1b receptor, respectively. D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP TFA has weak antidiuretic, vasopressor, and in vitro oxytocic activities .
D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP is a selective agonist of vasopressin V1b receptor, with the Kis of 0.16 nM, 0.52 nM, and 0.1.38 nM for rat, human and mouse V1b receptor, respectively. D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP has weak antidiuretic, vasopressor, and in vitro oxytocic activities .
γ1-MSH TFA is a melanocortin MC3 receptor agonist, with a Ki of 34 nM for the rat MC3 receptor. γ1-MSH TFA displays ~40-fold selectivity over MC4 (Ki=1318 nM) .
[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH TFA is a potent and selective agonist of melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor, with IC50s of 6.7 nM, 600 nM and 340 nM for hMC3, hMC4 and hMC5, respectively in CHO cells. [D-Trp8]-γ-MSH TFA could provide protection against multiple inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and colitis .
Grb2 SH2 domain inhibitor 1 is a conformationally restricted cyclic cell penetrating peptide (CPP) containing d-pro-l-pro motif ring (AF Φ Rpprrfq) (where Φ It is L-naphthylalanine, R is D-arginine, P is D-proline), which is mainly used as a cyclic peptide inhibitor.
Histrelin, a GnRH analogue, is a GnRH Receptor agonist. Histrelin increases serum luteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone levels. Histrelin can be used in the research of prostate cancer, endometriosis .
Delmitide (RDP58) is an orally active d-isomer decapeptide with potent anti-inflammatory activity. Delmitide inhibits production of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and interleukin (IL)-12, and up-regulates heme oxygenase 1 activity. Delmitide can be used for the research of ulcerative colitis .
[DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine, a N-Alkylated derivative, is a potent κ-opioid receptor agonist with a Ki value of 0.13 nM. [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine has analgesic property .
BIM 23042, a certain somatostatin (SS) octapeptide analogue, is a selective neuropeptide neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R, BB1) antagonist. BIM 23042 has 100-fold lower affinity for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor (BB2). BIM 23042 inhibits Neuromedin B (HY-P0241), ICI 216140 and DPDM-bombesin ethylamide-induced Ca 2+ release .
CTP is a cardiac targeting peptide. CTP transduces cardiomyocytes in vitro. CTP leads to efficient and specific transduction of heart tissue in mice model. CTP can be used to deliver therapeutic peptides, proteins and nucleic acid specifically to the heart .
(Des-Gly10,D-His2,D-Trp6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
PACAP-38 (28-38) (human, chicken, mouse, ovine, porcine, rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Leu7)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Ser4)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Ser6,Azagly10)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Amyloid β-Protein (1-12) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Des-Gly10,D-Pyr1,D-Leu6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Tau Peptide (306-317) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
α-Synuclein (34-45) (human) is the 34-45 fragment of α-Synuclein. α-Synuclein is an abundant neuronal protein that is highly abundant in presynaptic nerve terminals. α-Synuclein is a Parkinson's disease (PD) biomarker .
Grb2 SH2 domain inhibitor 1 TFA is a conformationally restricted cyclic cell penetrating peptide (CPP) containing d-pro-l-pro motif ring (AF Φ Rpprrfq) (where Φ It is L-naphthylalanine, R is D-arginine, P is D-proline), which is mainly used as a cyclic peptide inhibitor.
[DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine hydrochloride, a N-Alkylated derivative, is a potent κ-opioid receptor agonist with a Ki value of 0.13 nM. [DPro10] Dynorphin A (1-11), porcine hydrochloride has analgesic property .
Delmitide (RDP58) acetate is an orally active d-isomer decapeptide with potent anti-inflammatory activity. Delmitide acetate inhibits production of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and interleukin (IL)-12, and up-regulates heme oxygenase 1 activity. Delmitide acetate can be used for the research of ulcerative colitis .
P4pal10 is a PAR4 antagonist. P4pal10 prevents the thrombin-mediated aggregation of mouse platelets in vivo. P4pal10 significantly reduced both the oedema and the granulocyte infiltration induced by Carrageenan (HY-125474) .
SP-10 is a small peptide derived from S protein with an IC50 value of 1.88 nM for blocks the interaction between S protein and ACE2. SP-10 can be used for SARS-CoV research .
Angiotensin (1-12) (human) is an endogenous substrate for the production of biologically active angiotensin peptides by a non-renin-dependent mechanism .
μ/κ/δ opioid receptor agonist 1 is a μ opioid receptor (MOR), κ opioid receptor (KOR), and δ opioid receptor (DOR) agonist. μ/κ/δ opioid receptor agonist 1 produces a strong and long-lasting analgesic effect through peripheral MOR and KOR in the tail-flick test .
BIM 23042 TFA, a certain somatostatin (SS) octapeptide analogue, is a selective neuropeptide neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R, BB1) antagonist. BIM 23042 has 100-fold lower affinity for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor (BB2). BIM 23042 inhibits Neuromedin B (HY-P0241), ICI 216140 and DPDM-bombesin ethylamide-induced Ca 2+ release .
Oxytocin (α-Hypophamine) acetate is a pleiotropic, hypothalamic peptide known for facilitating parturition, lactation, and prosocial behaviors. Oxytocin acetate can function as a stress-coping molecule with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protective effects especially in the face of adversity or trauma .
Gap 26 is a connexin mimetic peptide, composed of residue numbers 63-75 of the first extracellular loop of connexin 43 (gap junction blocker), containing the SHVR amino acid motif .
CREBtide is a CREB (cAMP response element binding protein)-like peptide. CREBtide, a synthetic 13 amino acid peptide, has been reported as a PKA substrate.
Influenza HA (307-319) is 13 amino acids 307 to 319 fragment of Influenza HA. Influenza HA is a glycoprotein found on the surface of influenza viruses .
Platelet Factor 4 (58-70), human, a peptide based on the amino acid sequence corresponding to residues 58-70 of platelet factor-4 (PF-4), contains the major heparin-binding domain, which is not sufficient for full antiangiogenic activity .
d[Cha4]-AVP is a potent and selective vasopressin (AVP) V1b receptor agonist with a Ki of 1.2 nM for human V1b receptor. d[Cha4]-AVP shows more selective for V1b receptor than human V1a receptor, V2 receptor, and oxytocin receptors .
d[Cha4]-AVP TFA is a potent and selective vasopressin (AVP) V1b receptor agonist with a Ki of 1.2 nM for human V1b receptor. d[Cha4]-AVP TFA shows more selective for V1b receptor than human V1a receptor, V2 receptor, and oxytocin receptors .
[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH is a potent and selective agonist of melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor, with IC50s of 6.7 nM, 600 nM and 340 nM for hMC3, hMC4 and hMC5, respectively in CHO cells. [D-Trp8]-γ-MSH could provide protection against multiple inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and colitis .
Ac-hMCH(6-16)-NH2 binds to and activates equally well both human MCH receptors present in the brain (non-selective agonist), with IC50 values of 0.16 nM and 2.7 nM for MCH-1R and MCH-2R .
[Glu4]-Oxytocin is an appropriate derivative of oxytocin for conducting a comprehensive investigation by a variety of methods of the conformation of “oxytocin-like” molecules in aqueous solution .
[Glu4]-Oxytocin acetate is an appropriate derivative of oxytocin for conducting a comprehensive investigation by a variety of methods of the conformation of oxytocin-like molecules in aqueous solution .
[Asp5]-Oxytocin acetate is the first 5-position neurohypophyseal hormone analogue possessing significant biological activity. [Asp5]-Oxytocin acetate causes uterine contractions in vitro, enhanced by Mg 2+. [Asp5]-Oxytocin acetate has the ability of rat uteroconstrictor, avian vasodilator, and rat antidiuretic .
(D-His2,D-Trp6)-LHRH ((D-His2)-Triptorelin) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Ser4,D-Trp6)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Trp6,D-Leu7)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Nangibotide scrambled peptide (LR12-scr) is a scrambled control peptide composed of the same amino acids from LR12 (Nangibotide; HY-P3211) but in a random sequence (YQDVELCETGED) .
Histrelin acetate, a GnRH analogue, is a GnRH Receptor agonist. Histrelin acetate increases serum luteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone levels. Histrelin acetate can be used in the research of prostate cancer, endometriosis .
Connexin mimetic peptide 40,37GAP26 is a biological active peptide. (This peptide corresponds to the GAP26 domain of the extracellular loop of the major vascular connexins (Cx37, Cx40), designated as 37, 40Gap 26 according to Cx homology. It was used to investigate the role of gap junctions in the spread of endothelial hyperpolarizations evoked by cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) through the wall of the rodent iliac artery. The gap junction plaques constructed from Cx37 and Cx40 were abundant in the endothelium. This peptide provides inhibitory effects against subintimal hyperpolarization.)
Abl protein tyrosine kinase substrate is a biological active peptide. (Abltide is a peptide substrate for Abl Kinase (Abl protein tyrosine kinase), a partner in the gag-Abl fusion protein of the Abelson murine leukemia virus. Used in Western blot and kinase assay.)
Angiotensinogen (1-13) (human) is a fragment of the renin substrate angiotensinogen. Angiotensinogen is naturally occurring substrate for renin and a precursor for all angiotensin peptides .
Hylambatin, a tachykinin, increases both plasma glucose and plasma insulin, whereas the secretion of glucagon was not affected. Hylambatin can be used in diabetes research .
CREBtide TFA is a CREB (cAMP response element binding protein)-like peptide. CREBtide TFA a synthetic 13 amino acid peptide, has been reported as a PKA substrate .
Oxytocin (α-Hypophamine; Oxytocic hormone) is a pleiotropic, hypothalamic peptide known for facilitating parturition, lactation, and prosocial behaviors. Oxytocin can function as a stress-coping molecule with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protective effects especially in the face of adversity or trauma .
Argipressin (Arg8-vasopressin) binds to the V1, V2, V3-vascular arginine vasopressin receptor, with a Kd value of 1.31 nM in A7r5 rat aortic smooth muscle cells for V1.
Lysipressin (Lysine vasopressin) is antidiuretic hormone that have been found in pigs and some marsupial families. Lysipressin induces contraction of the rabbit urinary bladder smooth muscle, activate adenylate-cyclase .
Angiotensinogen (1-14), human is a fragment of the renin substrate angiotensinogen. Angiotensinogen is naturally occurring substrate for renin and a precursor for all angiotensin peptides .
ACTH (11-24) is an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) receptor antagonist. ACTH (11-24) is a fragment of adrenocorticotropic and induces cortisol release. ACTH (11-24) can be used for the research of central nervous system .
Malantide is a synthetic dodecapeptide derived from the site phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) on the β-subunit of phosphorylase kinase. Malantide is a highly specific substrate for PKA with a Km of 15 μM and shows protein inhibitor (PKI) inhibition >90% substrate phosphorylation in various rat tissue extracts . Malantide is also an efficient substrate for PKC with a Km of 16 μM .
Tetanus toxin (830-843) is a powerful neurotoxin that reaches by retroaxonal transport and transcytosis the cytoplasm ofspinal inhibitory intemeurons and blocks their ability to release neurotransmitters .
Gastrin I (1-14), human is 1-14 fragment of human gastrin I peptide. Gastrin I is an endogenous, gastrointestinal peptide hormone. Gastrin is the major hormonal regulator of gastric acid secretion .
EGFRvIII peptide (PEPvIII) is a tumor-specific mutation that is widely expressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and other neoplasms and its expression enhances tumorigenicity. EGFRvIII peptide represents a truly tumor-specific target for antitumor immunotherapy .
Gastrin I (1-14), human TFA is 1-14 fragment of human gastrin I peptide. Gastrin I is an endogenous, gastrointestinal peptide hormone. Gastrin is the major hormonal regulator of gastric acid secretion .
Tetanus toxin (830-843) TFA is a powerful neurotoxin that reaches by retroaxonal transport and transcytosis the cytoplasm ofspinal inhibitory intemeurons and blocks their ability to release neurotransmitters .
Malantide TFA is a synthetic dodecapeptide derived from the site phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) on the β-subunit of phosphorylase kinase. Malantide TFA is a highly specific substrate for PKA with a Km of 15 μM and shows protein inhibitor (PKI) inhibition >90% substrate phosphorylation in various rat tissue extracts . Malantide TFA is also an efficient substrate for PKC with a Km of 16 μM .
Prosaptide Tx14(A), a prosaposin-derived peptide, is a potent GPR37L1 and GPR37 agonist with EC50s of 5 and 7 nM, respectively. Prosaptide Tx14(A) increases both ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation in Schwann cells .
Prosaptide Tx14(A) TFA, a prosaposin-derived peptide, is a potent GPR37L1 and GPR37 agonist with EC50s of 5 and 7 nM, respectively. Prosaptide Tx14(A) TFA increases both ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation in Schwann cells .
CTOP is a potent and highly selective μ-opioid receptor antagonist. CTOP antagonizes the acute morphine-induced analgesic effect and hypermotility. CTOP enhances extracellular dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens. CTOP dose-dependently enhances locomotor activity .
CTAP is a potent, highly selective, and BBB penetrant μ opioid receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 3.5 nM. CTAP displays over 1200-fold selectivity over δ opioid (IC50=4500 nM) and somatostatin receptors. CTAP can be used for the study of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) and opiate overdose or addiction .
AKTide-2T TFA is an excellent in vitro substrate for AKT and shows competitive inhibition of histone H2B phosphorylation with a Ki of 12 nM. AKTide-2T TFA mimics the optimal phosphorylation sequence of Akt and is an inhibitory peptide with the wildtype AKTide lacking Thr in the S22 position .
ANQ-11125 TFA is a potent and selective antagonist of motilin, with the pKd of 8.24. ANQ-11125 TFA blocks motilide-induced contractions in vitro in the rabbit .
Transcriptional Intermediary Factor 2 (TIF2) (740-753) is a TIF-2 coactivator peptide composed of 14 amino acids and covers the residue range 740-753 of TIF-2 protein .
[D-Trp11]-Neurotensin, an analogue of Neurotensin (NT), is a selective antagonist of NT in perfused rat hearts but behaves as a full agonist in guinea pig atria and rat stomach strips. [D-Trp11]-Neurotensin can inhibit NT-induced hypotension .
ACTH (11-24) (acetate) is an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) receptor antagonist. ACTH (11-24) is a fragment of adrenocorticotropic and induces cortisol release. ACTH (11-24) can be used for the research of central nervous system .
FITC-LC-TAT (47-57) is a FITC labeled TAT peptide. TAT is a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). TAT can increase the yields and the solubility of heterologous proteins .
Cys(Npys)-TAT (47-57) is a peptide fragment of TAT peptide and it is able to interact with plasmid DNA electrostatically. Cys(Npys)-TAT (47-57) is corresponding to the transduction domain of TAT with an activated cysteine residue C. TAT is a small nuclear transcriptional activator protein encoded by HIV-1 .
(Des-acetyl)-α-MSH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Des-Gly10,D-His2,D-His(Bzl)6,Pro-NHEt9)-LHRH is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Isotocin ((Ser4,Ile8)-Oxytocin) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
YLADGDLHSDGPGR is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
EGFRvIII peptide (PEPvIII) TFA is a tumor-specific mutation that is widely expressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and other neoplasms and its expression enhances tumorigenicity. EGFRvIII peptide TFA represents a truly tumor-specific target for antitumor immunotherapy .
Pro8-Oxytocin is a a modified oxytocin (OXT) ligand. Pro8-Oxytocin produces more potent and efficacious responses at primate OXTR and stronger behavioral effects than the consensus mammalian OXT ligand (Leu8-Oxytocin). Pro8-Oxytocin produce a less efficacious response than Vasopressin (HY-B1811) (AVP) at human AVPR1a and higher efficacious response than AVP at marmoset AVPR1a .
(Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is the Gq-dependent pathway agonist. (Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is also a weaker agonist for the β-arrestin engagement and endocytosis toward the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) .
Pro8-Oxytocin TFA is a a modified oxytocin (OXT) ligand. Pro8-Oxytocin produces more potent and efficacious responses at primate OXTR and stronger behavioral effects than the consensus mammalian OXT ligand (Leu8-Oxytocin). Pro8-Oxytocin TFA produce a less efficacious response than Vasopressin (HY-B1811) (AVP) at human AVPR1a and higher efficacious response than AVP at marmoset AVPR1a .
IRS1-derived peptide is a biological active peptide. (This is a peptide fragment (979-989) of the insulin receptor substrate-1 containing the sequence motif YMXM known to bind to the two domains of SH2 on the 85kDa subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase.)
ERK2 Substrate (Erktide) is a biological active peptide. (Erktide is a peptide substrate for ERK2 (extracellular regulated protein kinase 2) whose activity is regulated by mitogenic stimuli.)
Isotocin (acetate) ((Ser4,Ile8)-Oxytocin (acetate)) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
[Orn8]-Urotensin II (human), a peptide analog of urotensin II, is a UT receptor agonist. [Orn8]-Urotensin II (human) increases intracellular calcium levels in HEK293 .
Obestatin(11-23)mouse, rat is a polypeptide involved in regulating energy balance and inhibiting eating. Obestatin(11-23)mouse, rat causes reduced food intake, body weight, and jejunal contractions in rodents .
α-MSH (α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone), an endogenous neuropeptide, is an endogenous melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) agonist with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities. α-MSH is a post-translational derivative of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) .
β-Amyloid (1-15) is a fragment of β-Amyloid peptide. Beta-amyloid is a peptide that forms amyloid plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.
Lanreotide (BIM 23014) acetate is a somatostatin analogue with antineoplastic activity. Lanreotide acetate can be used for the research of carcinoid syndrome .
CART(62-76)(human,rat) is a neuropeptide (62-76 residues of the CART peptide) with neurotransmitter-like effects. CART(62-76)(human,rat) can modulate the activity of striatal noradrenergic and corticostriatal and hypothalamic serotoninergic (5-HT) system in the rat brain .
CART(62-76)(human,rat) TFA is a neuropeptide (62-76 residues of the CART peptide) with neurotransmitter-like effects. CART(62-76)(human,rat) TFA can modulate the activity of striatal noradrenergic and corticostriatal and hypothalamic serotoninergic (5-HT) system in the rat brain .
DPC-AJ1951 TFA, a 14 amino acid peptide that acts as a potent agonist of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide receptor (PPR). And characterized the activity of DPC-AJ1951 TFA in ex vivo and in vivo assays of bone resorption .
α-MSH (α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone) TFA, an endogenous neuropeptide, is an endogenous melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) agonist with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities. α-MSH TFA is a post-translational derivative of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) .
(D-Ser4,D-Ser(tBu)6,Azagly10)-LHRH is an analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). LHRH plays a central role in the control of reproduction by stimulating the release of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) .
FGL peptide, is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(D-Ser(tBu)6,D-Leu7,Azagly10)-LHRH is an analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). LHRH plays a central role in the control of reproduction by stimulating the release of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) .
Tau Peptide (512-525) amide is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Tau Peptide (298-312) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Tau Peptide (301-315) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Tau Peptide (304-318) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Tau Peptide (307-321) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Biotin-Oxytocin (Biotin-α-Hypophamine; Biotin-Oxytocic hormone) is a biological active peptide. (This is Oxytocin (HY-17571) N-terminally labeled with Biotin.)
Tetanus Toxin (830–844) is a biological active peptide. (tetanus toxin-derived peptide TT830–844 CD4+ T-cell epitope. This promiscuous CD4+ T-cell epitope can bind to a wide range of HLA–DRB molecules and is thus expected to activate CD4+ T-cell responses in a large part of the human population)
Srctide is a biological active peptide. (This is a peptide substrate for many protein kinases, such as Blk, BTK, cKit, EPHA1, EPHB2, EPHB3, ERBB4, FAK, Flt3, IGF-1R, ITK, Lck, MET, MUSK, Ret, Src, TIE2, TrkB, VEGF-R1 (Flt-1) and VEGF-R2 (KDR).)
CFP10 (71–85) is a biological active peptide. (CFP1071–85, that elicited IFN-γ production and CTL activity by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from persons expressing multiple MHC class II and class I molecules)
Influenza NP (311-325) is a biological active peptide. (This peptide is amino acids 311 to 325 fragment of the influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP). This bona fide MHC class II restricted epitope from influenza virus was used to study the host immunoresponse during the infection. This peptide elicits the strongest gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production in the intracellular cytokine assays. It does not stimulate CD8 T-cells in mice.Pyroglutamyl (pGlu) peptides may spontaneously form when either Glutamine (Q) or Glutamic acid (E) is located at the sequence N-terminus. The conversion of Q or E to pGlu is a natural occurrence and in general it is believed that the hydrophobic γ-lactam ring of pGlu may play a role in peptide stability against gastrointestinal proteases. Pyroglutamyl peptides are therefore considered a normal subset of such peptides and are included as part of the peptide purity during HPLC analysis.)
FAM-CSKtide is a biological active peptide. (This is a FAM labeled peptide substrate (Abs/Em = 494/521 nm) for C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) and many other kinases such as Axl, cKit, ERBB4, Fes, Flt3, IGF-1 R, MET, MUSK, PYK2, Ret, TIE2, TrkA, VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2.)
J5 peptide is an MBP inhibitor that competitively inhibits the binding of MBP85-99 to HLA-DR2. J5 peptide alleviates PLP139-151/MBP85-99-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. J5 peptide can be used in research on inflammatory and immune diseases .
HSV-1 Protease substrate is a peptide substrate for HSV-1 (Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1) protease, and the specificity constant (kcat/Km) at pH 7.5 for cleavage is 5.2 M -1 s -1 .
GRP (14-27) (human, porcine, canine) is a bombesin receptor ligand. The specific binding of GRP (14-27) is inhibited by GTP and GDP, whereas GMP was without effect .
[Deamino-Pen1,Val4,D-Arg8]-vasopressin (AVP-A) is an arginine-vasopressin (AVP) antagonist. AVP-A can significantly lower plasma aldosterone concentration in rats. AVP-A can be used for the research of the growth and steroidogenic capacity of rat adrenal zona glomerulosa .
G6PI 325-339 (human) hydrochloride is an efficient inducer of arthritis in B10.Q mice. G6PI 325-339 (human) hydrochloride primes Th1 and Th17 cells cross-reacted with the murine G6PI protein. G6PI 325-339 (human) hydrochloride induces arthritis model operating through a T and B cell-dependent pathway but without antibody effector mechanisms .
G6PI 325-339 (human) is an efficient inducer of arthritis in B10.Q mice. G6PI 325-339 (human) primes Th1 and Th17 cells cross-reacted with the murine G6PI protein. G6PI 325-339 (human) induces arthritis model operating through a T and B cell-dependent pathway but without antibody effector mechanisms .
G7-18NATE is a peptide inhibitor of Grb7. HY-P10224 binds to the Grb7-SH2 domain with micromolar affinity (KD = 18.1 μM). G7-18NATE inhibits cell proliferation, motility, cell invasion and 3D culture formation in several cancer cell lines .
Melanotan I is a potent non-selective melanocortin receptor (MCR) agonist. Melanotan I is a synthetic analogue of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) that stimulates melanogenesis. Melanotan I can induce skin tanning by mimicking the actions of a-MSH on the melanocortin type 1 receptors (MC1R) of melanocytes. Melanotan I can be used for the research of sun-induced skin cancer, melanoma, inflammation and male erectile dysfunction .
β-Amyloid (1-16) is a β-Amyloid protein fragment involved in metal binding. Beta-amyloid is a peptide that forms amyloid plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.
GR 82334 is a potent and specific reversible tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist . GR 82334 inhibits substance P-induced sensitization by blocking SP NK1 receptors in naked mole-rats .
TET 830 modified/T-helper epitope from tetanus toxoid is a modified T-helper epitope from tetanus toxoid. TET 830 modified/T-helper epitope from tetanus toxoid induces T-cells responses and is used as a helper peptide in vaccinations .
(D-Trp6)-LHRH-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly amide is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Hydrin 1′ is found in the neurohypophysis of Xenopus. Hydrin 1′ possesses a considerable steroid-releasing activity in Xenopus adrenal gland in vitro .
Biotinyl-(Arg8)-Vasopressin is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
OHM 11638 (Atilmotin), an analogue of the (1-14) fragment of porcine motilin, is a motilin receptor agonist with a pKd of 8.94 for the motilin receptor. OHM 11638 affects esophageal, lower esophageal sphincter (LES), and gastric motility. OHM 11638 increases LES and gastric pressures, OHM 11638 can be used as prokinetic agents .
ACTH (1-16) (human) (Adrenocorticotropic hormone (1-16)) is an ACTH fragment. ACTH (1-16) (human) improves cardiovascular function and survival in experimental hemorrhagic shock .
IN-2-LF is an inhibitor of lethal factor. IN-2-LF also inhibits furin with an IC50 of 2 μM. IN-2-LF enhances protection against anthrax lethal toxin when in combination with D6R .
Adrenomedullin (16-31), human is amino acid residues 16-31 fragment of human adrenomedullin (hADM). Adrenomedullin has appreciable affinity for the CGRP1 receptor. Adrenomedullin (16-31), human possesses pressor activity in the systemic vascular bed of the rat, but not the cat .
Peptide C105Y, a synthetic and cell-penetrating peptide based on the amino acid sequence corresponding to residues 359-374 of α1-antitrypsin, enhances gene expression from DNA nanoparticles .
Terlipressin diacetate is a vasopressin analogue with potent vasoactive properties. Terlipressin diacetate is a highly selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist that reduces the splanchnic blood flow and portal pressure and controls acute variceal bleeding. Terlipressin diacetate exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Terlipressin diacetate has the potential for hepatorenal syndrome and norepinephrine-resistant septic shock research .
Dynorphin A is an endogenous opioid peptide involved in inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Dynorphin A is a highy potent kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, and is also an agonist for other opioid receptors, such as mu (MOR) and delta (DOR). Dynorphin A can induce neuronal death, and can be used in the research of neurological disease .
Dynorphin A TFA is an endogenous opioid peptide involved in inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Dynorphin A TFA is a highy potent kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, and is also an agonist for other opioid receptors, such as mu (MOR) and delta (DOR). Dynorphin A TFA can induce neuronal death, and can be used in the research of neurological disease .
Alsactide, a heptadecapeptide analogue, is an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) agonist. Alsactide can be used in research of central nervous system .
hMCH-1R antagonist 1 (Compound 30) is an effective and selective antagonist of human melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (hMCHR1) with an KB value of 3.6 nM. HMCH-1R antagonist 1 can bind to hMCHR1 and hMCHR2 with IC50 values of 65 nM and 49 nM, respectively. HMCH-1R antagonistist 1 can be used for metabolic research .
(Diacetyl)-α-MSH is a peptide compound, which introduces an oxalyl (Diacetyl) group into the α-MSH molecule, which can increase the biological activity of the polypeptide .
BQ-3020 is a selective endothelin receptor (ETB receptor) agonist that displaces [ 125I] ET-1 binding to ETB receptors, with an IC50 value of 0.2 nM. BQ-3020 elicits vasoconstriction in the rabbit pulmonary artery. BQ-3020 makes relaxation of the pig urinary bladder neck and can be used for cardiovascular disease research 12.
BQ-3020 ammonium is a selective endothelin receptor (ETB receptor) agonist. BQ-3020 ammonium inhibits [ 125I] ET-1 binding to ETB receptors, with an IC50 value of 0.2 nM. BQ-3020 ammonium elicits vasoconstriction in the rabbit pulmonary artery. BQ-3020 ammonium makes relaxation of the pig urinary bladder neck and can be used for cardiovascular disease research . .
O-Linked GlcNAc transferase substrate is a biological active peptide. (A peptide substrate of O-linked GlcNAc transferase (OGT), a eukaryotic glycosyltransferase that uses UDP-GlcNAc as a glycosyl donor.)
α-Conotoxin RgIA (α-RgIA) is a specific α9α10 nAChR antagonist. α-Conotoxin RgIA can be obtained from Conus regius venom. α-Conotoxin RgIA can be used in the study of neurological diseases .
Terlipressin acetate is a vasopressin analogue with potent vasoactive properties. Terlipressin acetate is a highly selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist that reduces the splanchnic blood flow and portal pressure and controls acute variceal bleeding. Terlipressin acetate exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Terlipressin acetate has the potential for hepatorenal syndrome and norepinephrine-resistant septic shock research .
Urotensin II, mouse is an endogenous ligand for the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR14 or SENR. Urotensin II, mouse is a potent vasoconstrictor. Urotensin II, mouse plays a physiological role in the central nervous system .
OV-1, sheep is an alpha-helical antimicrobial ovispirin peptide derived from SMAP29 peptide (sheep), which inhibits several antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains including mucoid and nonmucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
OXA(17-33) is a potent and selective orexin-1 receptor (OX1) agonist. OXA(17-33) shows a ∼23-fold selectivity for the OX1 (EC50=8.29 nM) over OX2 (187 nM) .
OXA(17-33) TFA is a potent and selective orexin-1 receptor (OX1) agonist. OXA(17-33) TFA shows a ∼23-fold selectivity for the OX1 (EC50=8.29 nM) over OX2 (187 nM) .
Ac9-25 TFA, a N-terminal peptide of Annexin I, acts as a formyl peptide receptor (FPR) agonist and activates the neutrophil NADPH oxidase through FPR .
HXR9 is a cell-permeable peptide and a competitive antagonist of HOX/PBX interaction. HXR9 antagonizes the interaction between HOX and a second transcrip-tion factor (PBX), which binds to HOX proteins in paralogue groups1 to 8. HXR9 selectively decreases cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in cells with a high level of expression of the HOXA/PBX3 genes, such as MLL-rearranged leukemic cells .
Hepatitis C Virus S5A/5B is a synthetic peptide substrate. Hepatitis C Virus S5A/5B mimics the NS5A/5B junction of the nonstructural protein (NS), served as the substrate for the study of HCV NS3 protease activity .
[Leu15]-Gastrin I (human) is a peptide. Gastrin exerts its function through G-protein-coupled receptor called the cholecystokinin (CCK) or CCK-B receptor (CCK-BR) .
β-MSH (monkey) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
C18G is a biological active peptide. (C18G is a synthetic α-helical peptide derived from human platelet factor IV. This peptide was found to be antibacterial and is active against Salmonella.)
Galanin (1-19), human is the 1-19 fragment of the human galanin. Galanin (GAL) is a widely distributed neuropeptide with diverse biological effects including modulation of hormone release, antinociception and modification of feeding behavior .
Kv3, Channel Containing Protein (567-585) corresponds to amino acids 567 to 585 fragment of the Kv3.1b channel containing protein. Kv3 channel protein is expressed by parvalbumin (PV)-containing pallidal neurons .
Myosin H Chain Fragment, mouse is a fragment of the α-Myosin heavy chain peptide. Myosin H Chain Fragment can be used to induce experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) mouse model .
SynB1 is a cell penetrating polypeptide, internalized by, or is associated with lipid vesicle (LV). SynB1 can be used to lipid vesicle-mediated delivery to cells .
Myosin H Chain Fragment, mouse acetate salt is a fragment of the α-Myosin heavy chain peptide. Myosin H Chain Fragment can be used to induce experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) mouse model .
Cullin-Associated NEDD8-Dissociated Protein 1 (548-566) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
γ-Fibrinogen377-395 is a fibrinogen-derived inhibitory peptide, as well as fibrinogen epitope. γ-Fibrinogen377-395 blocks microglia activation and inhibits fibrin-Mac-1 interactions in vitro, and suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice in vivo. γ-Fibrinogen377-395 can be used for research in multiple sclerosis (MS), and other neuroinflammatory diseases associated with blood-brain barrier disruption and microglia activation .
γ-Fibrinogen377-395 TFA is a fibrinogen-derived inhibitory peptide, as well as fibrinogen epitope. γ-Fibrinogen377-395 TFA blocks microglia activation and inhibits fibrin-Mac-1 interactions in vitro, and suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice in vivo. γ-Fibrinogen377-395 TFA can be used for research in multiple sclerosis (MS), and other neuroinflammatory diseases associated with blood-brain barrier disruption and microglia activation .
α-Conotoxin GI has high affinity for nAChR.α-Conotoxin GI is a short peptide toxin that can be isolated from the venom of Conus geographus.α-Conotoxin GI has the similar activity with neuromuscular blocking agent .
DOTA-JR11 is a somatostatin receptor 2 （SSTR2）antagonist. DOTA-JR11 can be labeled by 68Ga, used for paired imaging in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) research .
Drosocin is a biological active peptide. (Drosocin is a 19-mer cationic antimicrobial peptide from Drosophila melanogaster. In Drosophila native drosocin carries a disaccharide moiety attached to a threonine residue in mid-chain position. This synthetic drosocin peptide of identical amino acid sequence without the disaccharide has an activity several times lower than the native compound.)
SMAP-18 is a biological active peptide. (SMAP-18 is a 18-amino acid residue peptide amide which is a truncated form of SMAP-29. Sheep myeloid antimicrobial peptide-29 (SMAP-29) displays extremely high antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas strains, other Gram-negative bacteria, and multidrug-resistant pathogens. SMAP-18 displays much higher cell selectivity as compared to parental SMAP-29 because of its decreased hemolytic activity and retained antimicrobial activity.)
ACTH (6-24) (human) (Adrenocorticotropic hormone (6-24)) is an ACTH fragment. ACTH (6-24) (human) is a competitive inhibitor of steroidogenesis induced by ACTH (1-39) and ACTH (5-24) (Kd:13.4 and 3.4 nM). ACTH (6-24) (human) inhibits corticosterone production and cAMP accumulation induced by hPTH 1-34 .
Pheromonotropin (Pseudaletia separata) (Pss-PT) is an armyworm (Pseudaletia separata) pheromone with the C-terminal pentapeptide FXPRL-amide. Pheromonotropin (Pseudaletia separata) belongs to the PK/PBAN family and stimulates sex pheromone biosynthesis in moths, mediating feeding (intestinal muscle contraction), development (embryonic diapause, pupal diapause, and pupation), and defense against natural enemy insects wait .
MI-1544 is a powerful GnRH antagonist. MI-1544 induces inhibitory effects on the pituitary LH release and on gonads. MI-1544 can be used for the research of antifertility effect .
CD36 Peptide P (93-110), Cys conjugated is a Cys labelled CD36 Peptide, and can block binding of CD36 to immobilized thrombospondin and partially inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation .
Tat-NR2BAA TFA is the control peptide of Tat-NR2B9c (HY-P0117), inactive. The sequence of Tat-NR2BAA TFA is similar to Tat-NR2B9c, but it has a double-point mutation in the COOH terminal tSXV motif, making it incapable of binding PSD-95. Tat-NR2B9c is a membrane-permeant peptide and disrupts PSD-95/NMDAR binding, correlate with uncoupling NR2B- and/or NR2A-type NMDARs from PSD-95 .
Tat-NR2BAA is the control peptide of Tat-NR2B9c (HY-P0117), inactive. The sequence of Tat-NR2BAA is similar to Tat-NR2B9c, but it has a double-point mutation in the COOH terminal tSXV motif, making it incapable of binding PSD-95. Tat-NR2B9c is a membrane-permeant peptide and disrupts PSD-95/NMDAR binding, correlate with uncoupling NR2B- and/or NR2A-type NMDARs from PSD-95 .
α-Conotoxin AuIB, a potent and selective α3β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist, blocks α3β4 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes with an IC50 of 0.75 μM .
α-Conotoxin AuIB TFA, a potent and selective α3β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist, blocks α3β4 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes with an IC50 of 0.75 μM .
PKI(5-24) is a potent, competitive, and synthetic peptide inhibitor of PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase), with a Ki of 2.3 nM. PKI(5-24) corresponds to residues 5-24 in the naturally occurring heat-stable protein kinase inhibitor .
PKI(5-24) TFA is a potent, competitive, and synthetic peptide inhibitor of PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase), with a Ki of 2.3 nM. PKI(5-24) TFA corresponds to residues 5-24 in the naturally occurring heat-stable protein kinase inhibitor .
BIM-23190 hydrochloride, a somatostatin analog, a selective SSRT2 and SSRT5 agonist, exhibits Ki values of 0.34 nM and 11.1 nM for SSTR2 and SSTR5, respectively. BIM-23190 can be used in the study for cancer and acromegaly .
BIM-23190, a somatostatin analog, a selective SSTR2 and SSTR5 agonist, exhibits Ki values of 0.34 nM and 11.1 nM for SSTR2 and SSTR5, respectively. BIM-23190 can be used in the study for cancer and acromegaly .
α-Conotoxin BuIA is a paralytic peptide neurotoxin and a competitive nAChR antagonist, with IC50s of 0.258 nM (α6/α3β2), 1.54 nM (α6/α3β4), 5.72 nM (α3β2), respectively. α-Conotoxin BuIA can be used to distinguish nAChRs containing β2- and β4-subunit, respectively. α-Conotoxin BuIA distinguishes among αxβ2 nAChRs with a rank order potency of α6>α3>α2>α4 .
GAD65(247-266) epitope TFA is the T cell epitopes of islet antigens，binding to I-A g7 (type I diabetes-associated molecule) competitively with poor affinity. GAD65 refers to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65，involved in the conversion of glutamate to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) .
GAD65 (524-543) is a biological active peptide. (This is amino acids 524 to 543 fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65). It is one of the first fragments of this islet antigen to induce proliferative T cell responses in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes. This peptide is a specific, possibly low affinity, stimulus for the spontaneously arising diabetogenic T cell clone BDC2.5. Immunization with p524–543 increases the susceptibility of the NOD mice to type 1 diabetes induced by the adoptive transfer of BDC2.5 T cells.)
BMP-2 Epitope (73-92) is a biological active peptide. (This is amino acids 73 to 92 fragment of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) knuckle epitope. It is a member of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b). This peptide fragment is able to raise alkaline phosphate activity in murine multipotent mesenchymal cells.)
Helianorphin-19 is a potent and selective κ-opioid receptor (KOR) activator with a Ki of 21 nM and an EC50 of 45 nM. Helianorphin-19 exhibits strong KOR-specific peripheral analgesic activity in a mouse model of chronic visceral pain .
GluN1 (359-378) is an anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate
receptor (NMDAR) antibody. GluN1 (359-378) can cross the blood-brain barrier.
GluN1 (359-378) can be used to study anti-NMDAR encephalitis therapy targeting
the immune system .
Api137 is an antimicrobial peptide that interferes with bacterial growth by inhibiting translation. Api137 inhibits protein synthesis by trapping of release factors on the 70S ribosome following hydrolysis of the nascent polypeptide chain .
Api137 TFA is an antimicrobial peptide that interferes with bacterial growth by inhibiting translation. Api137 TFA inhibits protein synthesis by trapping of release factors on the 70S ribosome following hydrolysis of the nascent polypeptide chain .
Galantide, a non-specific galanin receptor antagonist, is a peptide consisting of fragments of galanin and substance P. Galantide recognizes two classes of galanin binding sites (KD<0.1 nM and ~6 nM) in the rat hypothalamus. Galantide dose dependently (IC50=1.0 nM) antagonizes the galanin-mediated inhibition of the glucose-induced insulin secretion from mouse pancreatic islets. Galantide appears to bind to a single population of SP receptors (KD~40 nM) .
M40 is an antagonist or a weak agonist for galanin receptor depending on different subtypes of galanin receptors in the brain, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala and pancreas .
Melanin Concentrating Hormone, salmon is a 19-amino-acid neuropeptide initially identified in the pituitary gland of teleost fish, which regulates food intake, energy balance, sleep state, and the cardiovascular system. Melanin-concentrating hormone is a ligand for an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (SLC-1/GPR24) and MCHR2.
Prolactin Releasing Peptide (12-31), human is a fragment of the prolactin releasing peptide (PrRP). Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31), human is a high affinity GPR10 ligand that cause the release of the prolactin.
Melanin Concentrating Hormone, salmon TFA (MCH (salmon) TFA) is a 19-amino-acid neuropeptide initially identified in the pituitary gland of teleost fish, which regulates food intake, energy balance, sleep state, and the cardiovascular system. Melanin-concentrating hormone is a ligand for an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (SLC-1/GPR24) and MCHR2.
[Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) is an ETB agonist. [Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) has selectivity for ET B with IC50 values range from 0.33 nM to 0.61 nM. [Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) can be used for the research of vasoconstriction .
Bivalirudin, a peptide anticoagulant, is a direct thrombin inhibitor for anticoagulation in the setting of invasive cardiology, particularly percutaneous coronary intervention .
α-Conotoxin PnIA, a potent and selective antagonist of the mammalian α7 nAChR, has the potential for the research of neurological conditions such as neuropathic pain and Alzheimer’s disease .
α-Conotoxin PnIA TFA, a potent and selective antagonist of the mammalian α7 nAChR, has the potential for the research of neurological conditions such as neuropathic pain and Alzheimer’s disease .
Catestatin is a 21-amino acid residue, cationic and hydrophobic peptide. Catestatin is an endogenous peptide that regulates cardiac function and blood pressure . Catestatin is a non-competitive nicotinic antagonist acting through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to inhibit catecholamine release .
Catestatin TFA is a 21-amino acid residue, cationic and hydrophobic peptide. Catestatin TFA is an endogenous peptide that regulates cardiac function and blood pressure . Catestatin TFA is a non-competitive nicotinic antagonist acting through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to inhibit catecholamine release .
M617 TFA is a selective galanin receptor 1 (GAL1) agonist, with Kis of 0.23 and 5.71 nM for GAL1 and GAL2, respectively. M617 TFA, acting through its central GAL1, can promote GLUT4 expression and enhance GLUT4 content in the cardiac muscle of type 2 diabetic rats .
α-Conotoxin Vc1.1 TFA is a disulfide-bonded peptide isolated from Conus victoriae and is a selective nAChR antagonist. α-Conotoxin Vc1.1 TFA inhibits α3α5β2, α3β2 and α3β4 with IC50s of 7.2 μM, 7.3 μM and 4.2 μM, respectively, and has less inhibitory effect on other nAChR subtypes. α-Conotoxin Vc1.1 TFA has the potential for neuropathic pain reserach .
Prolactin-Releasing Peptide (12-31), rat is a fragment of the prolactin releasing peptide (PrRP). Prolactin-Releasing Peptide (12-31), rat shows high affinity for GPR10 receptors. Prolactin-Releasing Peptide (12-31), stimulates calcium mobilization in CHOK1 cells transfected with the PrRP receptor .
vMIP-II (1-21) is a CXCR4 antagonist. vMIP-II has broad-spectrum interaction with CC and CXC chemokine receptors. vMIP-II (1-21) binds with CXCR4 with an IC50 value of 190 nM for competing with CXCR4 binding of 125I-SDF-1R .
Galantide TFA is a reversible and non-specific galanin (GAL) receptor antagonist. Galantide TFA dose-dependently shows antagonism to galanin-induced K + conductance with an IC50 value of 4 nM. Galantide TFA can be used for the research of neurological disease and hormone metabolism research .
TLQP-21 (human) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
IRGRILHDGAYSLTLQGLGIH is a multi-epitope class II rat HER2/neu peptide. IRGRILHDGAYSLTLQGLGIH can be used for the research class II HER2-DC1 vaccine studies .
IRGRILHDGAYSLTLQGLGIH TFA is a multi-epitope class II rat HER2/neu peptide. IRGRILHDGAYSLTLQGLGIH TFA can be used for the research class II HER2-DC1 vaccine studies .
BMP2-derived peptide is a functional motif from positions 73 to 92 of the amino acid sequence of BMP-2. BMP2-derived peptide promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and enhances bone regeneration .
Guanylin (mouse, rat), a petide, is composed of 15 amino acids. Guanylin (mouse, rat) is an activator of intestinal guanylate cyclase. Guanylin (mouse, rat) can be used for the research of diarrhea .
Lynronne-2 is an antimicrobial peptide. Lynronne-1 is active against Gram-positive bacterials, including
MDR strains (MIC: 32-256 μg/mL for methicillin-resistant MRSA strains). Lynronne-2 is also effective against P. aeruginosa infection
FAM-DEALA-Hyp-YIPMDDDFQLRSF-NH2, a 5-FAM labeled HIF-1α peptide, is a substrate of VHL. FAM-DEALA-Hyp-YIPMDDDFQLRSF-NH2 binds to VHL protein with a KD of 3 nM. Ex/Em (λ) = 485/520 nm .
gH625 is a cell-penetrating viral peptide which is a part of glycoprotein H of Herpes simplex virus type I. gH625 is able to cross the cell membrane and to transport many conjugated cargoes into the cytosol. gH625 is permeable to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and can enter the rat brain in vivo without toxic effects. gH625 can be used for siRNA delivery research .
M40 TFA is the TFA salt form of M40. M40 TFA is an antagonist or a weak agonist for galanin receptor depending on different subtypes of galanin receptors in the brain, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala and pancreas .
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (18-39), human is a corticotropinlike intermediate lobe peptide, which is produced in the melanotrophs of the intermediate lobe of the pituitary.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (18-39), human TFA is a corticotropinlike intermediate lobe peptide, which is is produced in the melanotrophs of the intermediate lobe of the pituitary .
Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 is a high-affinity ligand and antagonist of galanin receptor (Kd=0.1 nM). Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 exerts a Ki values of 0.11 and 2.0 nM for human galanin receptor type 1 and 2, respectively .
Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 TFA is a high-affinity ligand and antagonist of galanin receptor (Kd=0.1 nM). Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 TFA exerts a Ki values of 0.11 and 2.0 nM for human galanin receptor type 1 and 2, respectively .
AMY-101 (Cp40), a peptidic inhibitor of the central complement component C3 (KD = 0.5 nM), inhibits naturally occurring periodontitis in non-human primates (NHPs). AMY-101 (Cp40) exhibits a favorable anti-inflammatory activity in models with COVID-19 severe pneumonia with systemic hyper inflammation .
[Ala17]-MCH, a MCH analogue (HY-P1525A), is a selective ligand for MCHR1 (Ki=0.16 nM) over MCHR2 (Ki=34 nM). [Eu 3+ chelate-labeled [Ala17]-MCH shows high affnity for MCHR1 (Kd=0.37 nM) while has little demonstrable binding affnity for MCHR2 .
[Ala17]-MCH TFA, a MCH analogue (HY-P1525A), is a selective ligand for MCHR1 (Ki=0.16 nM) over MCHR2 (Ki=34 nM). [Eu 3+ chelate-labeled [Ala17]-MCH shows high affnity for MCHR1 (Kd=0.37 nM) while has little demonstrable binding affnity for MCHR2 .
Acetyl-ACTH (4-24) (human, bovine, rat) is a fragment of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide. POMC peptides such as adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), which is the precursor of α-MSH, is also an agonist at the MC-1 receptor .
[Leu13]-Motilin (KW-5139) is a motilin analogue. [Leu13]-Motilin stimulates gastrointestinal motility in the rabbit. [Leu13]-Motilin causes concentration-dependent contractions of the gastric antrum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and the descending colon in vitro .
TAT-SAMβA is the peptide consist of RNAENFDRF (SAMβA; HY-P3429) conjugated to the cell penetrating TAT protein-derived peptide TAT47–57. TAT-SAMβA is a selective antagonist of Mfn1-βIIPKC association. TAT-SAMβA protects mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEFs) against oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity .
TP508 is a 23-amino acid nonproteolytic thrombin peptide that represents a portion of the receptor-binding domain of thrombin molecule. TP508 activates endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and stimulates production of NO in human endothelial cells. TP508 activates endothelial cells and stem cells to revascularize and regenerate tissues .
TP508 TFA is a 23-amino acid nonproteolytic thrombin peptide that represents a portion of the receptor-binding domain of thrombin molecule. TP508 TFA activates endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and stimulates production of NO in human endothelial cells. TP508 TFA activates endothelial cells and stem cells to revascularize and regenerate tissues .
BMf-BH3 (BMF-Y) belongs to the Bcl-2 apoptosis mediator family. BH3-only protein, Bmf is a key molecule for histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors mediated enhancing effect on ionizing radiation-induced cell death .
α-Conotoxin EI is a selective nicotinic acetylcholine α1β1γδ receptor (nAChR) antagonist (IC50=187 nM) and an α3β4 receptor inhibitor. α-Conotoxin EI can block muscle and ganglionic receptors .
Acetyl-ACTH (3-24) (human, bovine, rat) is a fragment of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide. POMC peptides such as adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), which is the precursor of α-MSH, is also an agonist at the MC-1 receptor .
NODAGA-LM3 can be labeled by 68Ga for PET imaging. 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 is a SSTR2 antagonist, and can be used for imaging of SSTR positive paragangliomas .
NODAGA-LM3 TFA can be labeled by 68Ga for PET imaging. 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 TFA is a SSTR2 antagonist, and can be used for imaging of SSTR positive paragangliomas .
SBP1 peptide is a chemically synthesized 23-mer peptide fragment of the ACE2 PD α1 helix. SBP1 peptide associates with micromolar affinity to insect-derived SARS-CoV-2-RBD protein .
Obestatin(rat), encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities .
Obestatin(rat) TFA, encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) TFA suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) TFA has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities .
MAIT-203, a cyclopentyalanin-derived peptidomimetic, potently inhibits the interaction of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and Asef (RhoGEF4), but not APC-Sam68 or APC-striatin interactions. MAIT-203 binds APC-ARM with a Ki of 0.015 μM and a Kd of 0.036 μM. MAIT-203 significantly represses the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells.
(Ser(PO3H2)202,Thr(PO3H2)205)-Tau Peptide (194-213) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Amyloid β-Protein (1-24) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
M871 (Galanin-(2-13)-Glu-His-(Pro)3-(Ala-Leu)2-Ala-amide) is a selective galanin receptor type 2 (GalR2) antagonist. M871 exhibits Ki values of 13.1 nM and 420 nM for GalR2 and GalR1, respectively. M871 can be used for research on GalR2-related diseases (such as epilepsy, pain) .
Thanatin is an inducible cationic antimicrobial peptide. Thanatin is a pathogen-inducible single-disulfide-bond-containing β-hairpin AMP. Thanatin displays broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against various species of fungi with MICs of 0.3-40 µM, 0.6-40 µM and 0.6-20 µM, respectively. Thanatin has the property of competitive replacement of divalent cations from bacterial outer membrane (OM), leading to OM disruption .
INF7 is a derivative of the N-terminal domain of the HA2 protein that can be used to enhance the endosomal escape of polyplexes or liposome-encapsulated proteins .
Thanatin TFA is an inducible cationic antimicrobial peptide. Thanatin TFA s a pathogen-inducible single-disulfide-bond-containing β-hairpin AMP. Thanatin TFA displays broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against various species of fungi with MICs of 0.3-40 µM, 0.6-40 µM and 0.6-20 µM, respectively. Thanatin TFA has the property of competitive replacement of divalent cations from bacterial outer membrane (OM), leading to OM disruption .
TAT-14 is a 14-mer peptide that acts as Nrf2 activator with an anti-inflammatory effect. TAT-14 has no effect on Nrf2 mRNA expression, but increases Nrf2 protein level due to targeting the Nrf2 binding site on Keap1 .
TAT-14 TFA is a 14-mer peptide that acts as Nrf2 activator with an anti-inflammatory effect. TAT-14 TFA has no effect on Nrf2 mRNA expression, but increases Nrf2 protein level due to targeting the Nrf2 binding site on Keap1 .
BAD (103-127) (human), the 25-mer Bad peptide, is derived from the BH3 domain of BAD, can antagonize the function of Bcl-xL. BAD (103-127) (human) is reported to have almost 800-fold higher affinity for Bcl-XL than the 16-mer peptide .
NY-ESO-1 (87-111) is a pan-MHC class II-restricted peptide sequence. NY-ESO-1 (87-111) binds to multiple HLA-DR and HLA-DP4 molecules, and stimulates Th1-type and Th-2/Th0-type CD4 + T cells when presented in the context of HLA-DR and HLA-DP4 molecules .
KRAS G13D peptide, 25 mer, a KRAS activating oncogene mutation peptide, is an immune potentiator extracted from patent WO2018144775A1. KRAS G13D peptide, 25 mer can be used to prepare KRAS vaccine .
st-Ht31 is a membrane-permeable peptide inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA) anchoring. st-Ht31 induces robust cholesterol/phospholipid efflux. st-Ht31 completely reverses foam cell formation and restores the metabolic health of macrophage .
Sulanemadlin (ALRN-6924) is a potent and cell-permeating p53-based peptidomimetic macrocycles. Sulanemadlin is a inhibitor of the p53-MDM2, p53-MDMX, or both p53 and MDM2 and MDMX protein-protein interactions. Sulanemadlin can be used for cancers research .
Distinctin is an antimicrobial peptide. Distinctin can be isolated from frog skin. Distinctin has antibacterial activity against E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and E. coli (MIC: 14.5, 28.0, 28.0, 14.5 μM) .
Ac2-26, an active N-terminal peptide of annexin A1 (AnxA1), attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury. Ac2-26 also decreases AnxA1 protein expression, inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the injured lung tissue .
Ac2-26 TFA, an active N-terminal peptide of annexin A1 (AnxA1), attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury. Ac2-26 also decreases AnxA1 protein expression, inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the injured lung tissue .
BAD (103-127) (human), FAM-labeled is a FAM-labeled human BAD (103-127) (HY-P2468). BAD (103-127) (human), the 25-mer Bad peptide, is derived from the BH3 domain of BAD, can antagonize the function of Bcl-xL .
β-Endorphin, an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, is an opioid receptor agonist. β-Endorphin binds preferentially to μ-opioid receptors and is produced in certain neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system and is one of three endorphins produced in humans. β-Endorphin can be used to reduce stress and maintain homeostasis in the body and is involved in neurological pain perception regulation .
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (6-30) amide (human) is an incretin hormone. Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (6-30) amide (human) can be used for the research of diabete .
Ac2-26 ammonium is the N-terminal peptide of annexin 1, and has anti-inflammatory activity. Ac2-26 ammonium induces a decrease in IKKβ protein in lysosomes by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Ac2-26 ammonium ameliorates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ac2-26 ammonium also inhibits airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in an asthma rat model .
APT STAT3 is a specific STAT3-binding peptide. APT STAT3 can bind STAT3 with high specificity and affinity (～231 nmol/L). APT STAT3 is a tractable agent for translation to target the broad array of cancers harboring constitutively activated STAT3 .
Endothelin 1 (swine, human) is a synthetic peptide with the sequence of human and swine Endothelin 1, which is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor. Endothelin 1 acts through two types of receptors ETA and ETB .
Endothelin-2 (49-69), human (Endothelin-2 (human, canine)) is a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide that binds to G-protein-linked transmembrane receptors, ET-RA and ET-RB.
β-Amyloid (10-35), amide is composed of 26 aa (10-35 residues of the Aβ peptide) and is the primary component of the amyloid plaques of Alzheimer’s disease.
26Rfa, Hypothalamic Peptide, human is a hypothalamic neuropeptide of the RFamide peptide family with orexigenic activity . 26RFa is an orexigenic neuropeptide identified as the endogenous ligand of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR103 .
Endothelin-2 (49-69), human (TFA) (Endothelin-2 (49-69) (human, canine) (TFA)) is a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide that binds to G-protein-linked transmembrane receptors, ET-RA and ET-RB.
Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA is a melanocortin peptide derived from the C-terminal of the fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA potentiates the steroidogenic response of the rat adrenal to adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA is a potent stimulator of lipolysis with an apparent EC50 of 3.56 nM. Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA can activate hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and Perilipin A resulting in lipolysis .
Orphan GPCR SP9155 agonist P550 (mouse, rat) (26RFa (mouse, rat)), a member of the RFamide peptide family with orexigenic effect, is the cognate ligand of the mouse orphan receptor GPR103, also designated SP9155 or AQ27 .
Endothelin 1 (swine, human) (TFA) is a synthetic peptide with the sequence of human and swine Endothelin 1, which is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor. Endothelin 1 acts through two types of receptors ETA and ETB .
Sarafotoxin S6b is a vasoconstrictor peptide, and a non-selective endothelin receptor agonist. Sarafotoxin S6b can induce contraction in isolated human coronary arteries , the Ki values of Coronary artery, Saphenous vein and Coronary artery are 0.27, 0.55 and 19.5 nM, respectively .
IFN-γ Antagonist 1 (AYCRDGKIGPPKLDIRKEEKQI) is an antagonist of interferon γ (IFN γ). IFN-γ Antagonist 1 inhibits IFN-γ induced HLR/DR antigen expression in Colon 205 cells with an IC50 value of approximately 35 μM. IFN-γ Antagonist 1 has potential applications in immune regulation .
IFN-γ Antagonist 1 (AYCRDGKIGPPKLDIRKEEKQI) acetate is an antagonist of interferon γ (IFN γ). IFN-γ Antagonist 1 inhibits IFN-γ induced HLR/DR antigen expression in Colon 205 cells with an IC50 value of approximately 35 μM. IFN-γ Antagonist 1 has potential applications in immune regulation .
xStAx-VHLL is a PROTAC β-catenin degrader that manifests strong inhibition of Wnt signaling and sustains degradation of β-catenin in cancer cells and the intestinal organoids derived from wild-type and APC –/– mice. xStAx-VHLL can be used as a promising anticancer agent .
Myr-TAT-CBD3 is CRMP2-CaV2.2 interaction inhibitor. Myr-tat-CBD3 can significantly attenuate carrageenan-induced thermal hypersensitivity and reverse thermal hypersensitivity induced in a rat model of postoperative pain. Myr-TAT-CBD3 can be used to study inflammation and postoperative pain .
Maximin 3 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from skin secretions of Bombina maxima. Maximin 3 has cytotoxicity on tumor cells and spermicidal effect. Maximin 3 has significant anti-HIV activity .
Maximin 5 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from skin secretions of Bombina maxima. Maximin 5 has cytotoxicity on tumor cells and spermicidal effect .
γ3-MSH is derived from the N-terminal segment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). γ3-MSH stimulates aldosterone secretion by human adrenal tumor cells in culture .
Atriopeptin III (ANP 127-150) (rat), a 24-amino acid atrial peptide, is a potent vasodilator and natriuretic/diuretic agent. Atriopeptin III (rat) improves renal functions and decreases blood pressure in a ureter-obstructed rat kidney model. Atriopeptin III (rat) can be used for research of chronic renal failure .
TAT-MEK1 is an inhibitor ofERK2, consisting of TAT and MEK1 (N-terminal), TAT (YGRKKRRQRRR) derived from human immunodeficiency (HIV-1) transcriptional trans activator (TAT), is a cell-penetrating peptide. TAT-MEK1 IC50 in vitro for ERK2 is 29 μM .
Gastrin-Releasing Peptide, human (GRP) belongs to the bombesin-like peptide family, and is not a classical hypothalamic-hypophyseal regulatory hormone since it plays only a perfunctory role in the mediation of pituitary hormone release.
β-Amyloid (1-28) is a β-Amyloid protein fragment involved in metal binding. Beta-amyloid is a peptide that forms amyloid plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.
Transportan is a 27 amino acid-long peptide containing 12 functional amino acids from the amino terminus of the neuropeptide galanin and mastoparan in the carboxyl terminus, connected via a lysine. Transportan belongs to cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) .
Phospho-Glycogen Synthase Peptide-2 (substrate) is peptide substrate for glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and can be used for affinity purification of protein-serine kinases .
Phospho-Glycogen Synthase Peptide-2 (substrate) is peptide substrate for glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and can be used for affinity purification of protein-serine kinases .
M1145 TFA, a chimeric peptide, is a selective galanin receptor type 2 (GAL2) agonist, with a Ki of 6.55 nM. M1145 TFA shows more than 90-fold higher affinity for GAL2 over GAL1 (Ki=587 nM) and a 76-fold higher affinity over GalR3 (Ki=497 nM). M1145 TFA has an additive effect on the signal transduction of galanin .
WL12 is a specifically targeting programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) binding peptide. WL12 can be radiolabeled by different radionuclides, generating radiotracers, which can assess the tumor PD-L1 expression .
Onvitrelin ucalontide ([Phor18-LHRH (338613)]) is an analogue of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) with antineoplastic activity. Onvitrelin ucalontide is a peptide with sequences of KFAKFAKKFAKFAKKFAKQHWSYGLRPG. Onvitrelin ucalontide effectively inhibits breast cancer, ovarian cancer and prostate cancer xenografts in mouse model .
[K15,R16,L27]VIP(1-7)/GRF(8-27), a VIP1 selective agonist, exhibits IC50 values of binding of 2 nM, 1 nM, 30,000 nM for the human VIP1, rat VIP1, rat VIP2 receptors, respectively . VIP: VASOACTIVE Intestinal Polypeptide
BMAP-28 is an antibiotic peptide and an inducer of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. BMAP-28 induces cell death through opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. BMAP-28 can be used in study of microbial infections and cancer .
GRP (porcine) (Porcine gastrin-releasing peptide 27) is the putative mammalian analog of Bombesin (HY-P0195). GRP (porcine) activates the release of a number of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) peptides into the peripheral circulation. GRP (porcine) stimulates gastrin release and exocrine pancreatic secretion. GRP (porcine) is a useful marker of neuroendocrine differentiation in many tumors .
Maximin 1 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from skin secretions of Bombina maxima. Maximin 1 has cytotoxicity on tumor cells and spermicidal effect .
Maximin 2 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from skin secretions of Bombina maxima. Maximin 2 has cytotoxicity on tumor cells and spermicidal effect .
Maximin 4 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from skin secretions of Bombina maxima. Maximin 4 has cytotoxicity on tumor cells and spermicidal effect .
Maximin 15 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 15 is active against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, with MIC values of 9.4, 18.8, 75 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 28 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 28 is active against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, with MIC values of 4.7, 9.4, 75 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 32 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 32 is active against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with MIC values of 9.4, 18.8 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 39 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 39 is active against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with MIC values of 18.8, 37.5 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 45 is an antimicrobial peptide. Maximin 41 has antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, B. subtilis (MIC: 4.7, 9.4, 75 μg/mL). Maximin 45 has hemolytic activities against human and rabbit red cells .
Maximin 49 is an antimicrobial peptide. Maximin 49 has antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC: 18.8 μg/mL). Maximin 49 has hemolytic activities against human and rabbit red cells .
Maximin 42 is an antimicrobial peptide. Maximin 42 has antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC: 37.5 μg/mL). Maximin 42 has hemolytic activities against human red cells .
[K15,R16,L27]VIP(1-7)/GRF(8-27) (acetate) is the acetate of [K15,R16,L27]VIP(1-7)/GRF(8-27) (HY-P4195). [K15,R16,L27]VIP(1-7)/GRF(8-27) (acetate), a VIP1 selective agonist, exhibits IC50 values of binding of 2 nM, 1 nM, 30,000 nM for? the human VIP1, rat VIP1, rat VIP2 receptors, respectively . VIP: VASOACTIVE Intestinal Polypeptide
cpm-1285m is a cell-permeable mutated peptide analogue of cpm-1285 (Bcl-2 inhibitory peptide). cpm-1285m contains a single substitution of alanine for Leu-151, and exhibits a decrease in Bcl-2 binding affinity with a reduction in IC50 of ∼15-fold. cpm-1285m can be used as a control of cpm-1285 .
cpm-1285 induces apoptosis by functionally blocking intracellular Bcl-2 and related death antagonists. cpm-1285 shows strong binding potency to Bcl-2 with an IC50 value of 130 nM. cpm-1285 reduces tumor burden in mice .
TAT-PAK18 inhibitory peptide is a membrane-permeable PAK inhibitory peptide. TAT-PAK18 inhibitory peptide reduces F-actin clusters and occludes the effect of Shank3 knockdown .
TAT-PAK18 R192A is an inactive Tat-Pak peptide. TAT-PAK18 R192A does not have any effect in the translocation of Rac1 triggered by any of the interrogated proteins .
CP7-FP13-2 is a peptide with antivirulence factor and antibacterial activity. CP7-FP13-2 inhibits the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and has good antibacterial efficacy in mice .
Rabies Virus Glycoprotein is a 29-amino-acid cell penetrating peptide derived from a rabies virus glycoprotein that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enter brain cells.
Rabies Virus Glycoprotein (TFA) is a 29-amino-acid cell penetrating peptide derived from a rabies virus glycoprotein that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enter brain cells .
GLP-1(9-36)amide TFA is a major metabolite of glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide formed by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). GLP-1(9-36)amide TFA acts as an antagonist to the human pancreatic GLP-1 receptor .
Endothelin 1 (swine, human), Alexa Fluor 488-labeled is a synthetic Endothelin 1 peptide labled with Alexa Fluor 488. Endothelin 1 (swine, human) is a synthetic peptide with the sequence of human and swine Endothelin 1, which is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor. Endothelin 1 acts through two types of receptors ETA and ETB .
human GALP (3-32) (Galanin-like peptide (3-32)) is a potent galanin receptor agonist with high affinity for both GalR1 (IC50=33 nM) and GalR2 (IC50=15 nM) in a competitive binding study. human GALP (3-32) exhibits the high potency in altering the extracellular acidification rate of SH-SY5Y cells transfected with GalR2 (EC50=360 nM) .
RVG (RVG29) is a peptide derived from Rabies Virus Glycoprotein that binds to the α-7 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AchR) of neuronal cells. RVG enhances delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens to antigen-presenting cells .
RVG TFA is a peptide derived from Rabies Virus Glycoprotein that binds to the α-7 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AchR) of neuronal cells. RVG enhances delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens to antigen-presenting cells .
Galanin (1-29)(rat, mouse) TFA is a non-selective galanin receptor agonist, with Kis of 0.98, 1.48 and 1.47 nM for GAL1, GAL2 and GAL3, respectively. Anticonvulsant effect .
(Lys(Me)327)-Histone H3 (21-44)-Gly-Lys(biotinyl) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Lys(Me,Me)27)-Histone H3 (21-44)-Gly-Lys(Biotinyl) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Tat-peptide 190-208 is a cell-permeable and Tat-labeled fusion peptide, corresponding to residues 190-208 of rat G3BP1. Tat sequence from HIV, is placed at the least conserved end of the sequence, for cell permeability. Tat-peptide 190-208 increases axon growth and increases the number of neurites per neuron. Tat-peptide 190-208 likely exhibits an axon intrinsic mechanism. Tat-peptide 190-208 can be used for ischemic protection during endovascular repair for intracranial aneurysms .
Tat-peptide 190-208 TFA is a cell-permeable and Tat-labeled fusion peptide, corresponding to residues 190-208 of rat G3BP1. Tat sequence from HIV, is placed at the least conserved end of the sequence, for cell permeability. Tat-peptide 190-208 TFA increases axon growth and increases the number of neurites per neuron. Tat-peptide 190-208 TFA likely exhibits an axon intrinsic mechanism. Tat-peptide 190-208 TFA can be used for ischemic protection during endovascular repair for intracranial aneurysms .
GsAF-1 is a peptide toxin containing three disulfide bonds. GsAF-1 can be isolated from the venom of the Chilean pink tarantula. GsAF-1 can be used for research of moderate-to-severe pain .
Conantokin R (Con-R) is an NMDA receptor peptide antagonist with an IC50 of 93 nM. Conantokin R binds Zn 2+ and Mg 2+ with Kds of 0.15 μM and 6.5 μM, respectively. Conantokin R shows anticonvulsant activity .
Atrial natriuretic peptide (3-28) (human) (ANP (3-28) (human)) is a peptide hormone that is synthesized and secreted by the atrial myocardium. Atrial natriuretic peptide (3-28) (human) is involved in the regulation of blood pressure, fluid balance, and electrolyte homeostasis .
GluN1 (356-385) is an antigenic peptide against
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. GluN1 (356-385) has the
effect of reducing the density of surface NMDAR clusters in hippocampal
neurons. GluN1 (356-385) can be used to study the pathogenesis of anti-NMDAR
encephalitis .
Alrefimotide is a hTERT-derived immunogenic peptide. Alrefimotide has a sequence of ALFSVLNYERARRPGLLGASVLGLDDIHRA. Alrefimotide can be used in cancer immunotherapy research .
Taspoglutide is a long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist developed for treatment of type 2 diabetes, with an EC50 value of 0.06 nM.
Amylin (8-37), rat is a truncated analog of native Amylin that selectively inhibits insulin-related glucose uptake and glycogen deposition in muscle tissue. Amylin (8-37), rat is a weak amylin receptor (AMY) antagonist.
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway .
β-Endorphin, equine TFA is an endogenous opioid peptide, which binds at high affinity to both μ/δ opioid receptors. β-Endorphin, equine TFA has analgesic properties .
Albiglutide fragment (GLP-1 (7-36) analog) TFA is an active fragment of Albiglutide (7-36) and a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog (a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist). Albiglutide is produced by the fusion of DPP-4 resistant GLP-1 dimer with the human albumin gene. Moreover, Albiglutide fragment TFA significantly reduces glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) and is used in type 2 diabetes (T2D) studies .
Tat-beclin 1, a peptide derived from a region of the autophagy protein (beclin 1), is a potent inducer of autophagy and interacts with negative regulator of autophagy, GAPR-1 (GLIPR2). Tat-beclin 1 decreases the accumulation of polyglutamine expansion protein aggregates and the replication of several pathogens (including HIV-1) in vitro, and reduces mortality in mice infected with chikungunya (CHIKV) or West Nile virus (WNV) .
Amylin (8-37), human is a fragment of human Amylin. Amylin (8-37), human has direct vasodilator effects in the isolated mesenteric resistance artery of the rat. Human Amylin is a small hormone secreted by pancreatic β-cells that forms aggregates under insulin deficiency metabolic conditions, and it constitutes a pathological hallmark of type II diabetes mellitus .
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) TFA is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide TFA possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide TFA protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway .
Ziconotide acetate (SNX-111 acetate), a peptide, is a potent and selective block of N-type calcium channels antagonist. Ziconotide acetate reduces synaptic transmission, and can be used for chronic pain research .
Albiglutide fragment (GLP-1 (7-36) analog) is an active fragment of Albiglutide (7-36) and a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog (a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist). Albiglutide is produced by the fusion of DPP-4 resistant GLP-1 dimer with the human albumin gene. Moreover, Albiglutide fragment significantly reduces glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) and is used in type 2 diabetes (T2D) studies .
Tat-beclin 1 scrambled is the scrambled part and a scrambled control of Tat-beclin 1 (HY-P2260), which is derived from a region of the autophagy protein, beclin 1. beclin 1 induces autophagy via binding human immunodeficiency virus, HIV-1 Nef and interacting with negative regulator GAPR-1 (GLIPR2). Tat-beclin 1 decreases the accumulation of polyglutamine expansion protein aggregates and the replication of several pathogens, such as HIV-1. Tat-beclin 1 also reduces mortality in mice infected with chikungunya or West Nile virus .
Tat-beclin 1 scrambled TFA is the scrambled part and a scrambled control of Tat-beclin 1 (HY-P2260), which is derived from a region of the autophagy protein, beclin 1. beclin 1 induces autophagy via binding human immunodeficiency virus, HIV-1 Nef and interacting with negative regulator GAPR-1 (GLIPR2). Tat-beclin 1 decreases the accumulation of polyglutamine expansion protein aggregates and the replication of several pathogens, such as HIV-1. Tat-beclin 1 also reduces mortality in mice infected with chikungunya or West Nile virus .
β-Endorphin (rat) is an endogenous opioid neuropeptide and peptide hormone. β-Endorphin (rat) has analgesic activity and also contributes to food intake in satiated rats. β-Endorphin (rat) can be used in the research of neurological diseases such as analgesia and drug addiction .
β-Endorphin, rat (β-Lipotropin 61-91), a neuropeptide, is involved in cardiovascular regulation. β-Endorphin, rat induces marked, prolonged muscular rigidity and immobility similar to a catatonic state in rats .
Carperitide (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), human, porcine) is a 28-amino acid hormone, that is normally produced and secreted by the human heart in response to cardiac injury and mechanical stretch. Carperitide (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), human, porcine) inhibits endothelin-1 secretion in a dose-dependent way.
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), rat is a major circulating form of ANP in rats, potently inhibits Angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated endothelin-1 secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.
Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31), human is a high affinity GPR10 ligand that cause the release of the prolactin. Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31) binds to GPR10 for human and rats with Ki values of 1.03 nM and 0.33 nM, respectively. Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31) can be used for the research of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis .
Carperitide acetate (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), human, porcine acetate) is a 28-amino acid hormone, that is normally produced and secreted by the human heart in response to cardiac injury and mechanical stretch. Carperitide acetate inhibits endothelin-1 secretion in a dose-dependent way.
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), rat (TFA) is a major circulating form of ANP in rats, potently inhibits Angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated endothelin-1 secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.
Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31), human (acetate) is a high affinity GPR10 ligand that causes the release of the prolactin. Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31) binds to GPR10 for human and rats with Ki values of 1.03 nM and 0.33 nM, respectively. Prolactin Releasing Peptide (1-31) can be used for the research of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis .
(Ser(PO3H2)396,404)-Tau Peptide (379-408) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
ACTH (7-38) (human) is the 7-38 fragment of human ACTH (1-39). human ACTH (1-39), known as a corticotropin inhibitory peptide (CIP), is an antagonist of the ACTH receptor and has no any corticosteroid activity .
ND1-YL2 is a PROTAC that selectively degrades SRC-1 via the N-degron pathway. ND1-YL2 significantly inhibits cancer invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo. ND1-YL2 can be used in cancer research .
A8SGLP-1 is an orally active GLP-1 analogue that the alanine at position 8 substituted with serine. A8SGLP-1 reduces blood glucose in db/db mice without affecting its function .
A8SGLP-1 TFA is an orally active GLP-1 analogue that the alanine at position 8 substituted with serine. A8SGLP-1 TFA reduces blood glucose in db/db mice without affecting its function .
Urodilatin is an analogue of ANF-(99-126). Urodilatin is a diuretic-natriuretic regulatory peptide. Urodilatin can be used for research of acute renal failure, congestive heart failure, and bronchial asthma, etc .
Tur1A is an antimicrobial peptide derived from bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncates. Tur1A inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes and blocking the transition from the initiation stage to the extension stage .
HBA(111-142), an antimicrobial peptide, is a C-terminal 32-mer fragment of alpha-hemoglobin. HBA(111-142) has antibacterial activity against the ESKAPE panel of pathogens. HBA(111-142) forms amyloid fibrils, and has antiviral activities. HBA(111-142) inhibits measles and herpes viruses (HSV-1, HSV-2, HCMV) .
ω-Conotoxin Bu8 is a ω-conotoxin, which consists of 25 amino acid residues and three disulfide bridges. ω-Conotoxin Bu8 selectively and potently inhibits depolarization-activated Ba2+ currents mediated by rat CaV2.2 expressed in HEK293T cells (IC50= 89 nM) .
retro-inverso TAT-Beclin 1 D-amino acid is has higher activity and resistance to proteolytic degradation in vivo compared to L-amino acids peptide. TAT-Beclin 1 can induce autophagy in peripheral tissues in adult mice as well as in the central nervous system of neonatal mice .
Secretoneurin, rat, a 33-amino acid polypeptide, is generated by proteolytic processing of secretogranin II (SgII). Secretoneurin, rat induces dopamine release in the rat striatum in vivo and in vitro, and it exerts a very strong chemotactic effect on monocytes and eosinophils but not on granulocytes .
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (1-28), human, porcine, Biotin-labeled, one of three mammalian natriuretic peptides (NPs), has endocrine effects on fluid homeostasis and blood pressure. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide has the potential for cardiovascular diseases research .
ω-Conotoxin MVIID (SNX-238) is a Conus peptide that blocks an ω-Conotoxin-GVIA-sensitive, high-threshold Ca 2+ current in fish retinal ganglion cells .
ω-Conotoxin CVIB is a non-selective N- and P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) antagonist. ω-Conotoxin CVIB inhibits depolarization-activated whole-cell VGCC currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons with a pIC50 of 7.64 .
ω-Conotoxin FVIA is an N-type Ca 2+channel (Ca v 2.2)
inhibitor. ω-Conotoxin FVIA reduces mechanical and thermal pain abnormalities
in a rat model of caudal nerve injury. ω-Conotoxin FVIA can be used in the
study of highly effective pain relievers with low side effects
.
GLP-1 (7-36)-Lys(biotinyl) amide (human, bovine, guinea pig, mouse, rat) is a biotinylated GLP-1 fragment, corresponding to the 7-36 sequence of GLP-1.
Garvicin KS, GakB is a peptide at sizes of 34 amino acids to form bacteriocin garvicin KS (GarKS), with other 2 peptides, GakA, and GakC. Garvicin KS, GakB inhibits fibroblast viability and proliferation. Garvicin KS, GakB with GakA, is a potent combination with good peptide stability, antimicrobial efficacy, and fibroblast viability/proliferation effects. Garvicin KS peptides inhibit MSSA with MIC values in the order GakB >GakC >GakA .
ω-Conotoxin CVIF is a selective Cav2.2 channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 34.3 nM in rat isolated DRG neurons. ω-Conotoxin CVIF block of Cav2.2 channels is weakly reversible .
ω-Conotoxin MVIIC TFA is a N- and P/Q-type Ca 2+ channel blocker, significantly suppresses the 11-keto-βboswellic acid-mediated inhibition of glutamate release .
ProTx II is a selective blocker of Nav1.7 sodium channels with an IC50 of 0.3 nM, and is at least 100-fold selective for Nav1.7 over other sodium channel subtypes. ProTx-II inhibits sodium channels by decreasing channel conductance and shifting activation to more positive potentials and blocks action potential propagation in nociceptors .
Ularitide (Urodilatin), natriuretic peptide, is a vasodilator. Ularitide binds to and activates renal receptors. Ularitide also regulates renal dopamine metabolism Ularitide can be used in the research of heart failure .
TAT-NSF222 Fusion Peptide is a fusion polypeptide with two domains, a TAT domain, which enters cells through macropinocytosis, and an NSF domain that inhibits N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF). TAT-NSF222 Fusion Peptide is an exocytosis inhibitor .
TAT-NSF222scr Fusion Polypeptide, scrambled is a control peptide of TAT-NSF700 Fusion Peptide (HY-P4113). TAT-NSF222scr Fusion Polypeptide, scrambled is consisted of the intact TAT domain followed by the amino acid residues of NSF 222-243 in a scrambled order .
ω-Conotoxin SO3 is a blocker of N-type voltage-sensitive calcium channel. ω-Conotoxin SO3 is an analgesicω-conotoxin that can be isolated from the venom of C. striatus .
ProTx II TFA is a selective blocker of Nav1.7 sodium channels with an IC50 of 0.3 nM, and is at least 100-fold selective for Nav1.7 over other sodium channel subtypes. ProTx-II inhibits sodium channels by decreasing channel conductance and shifting activation to more positive potentials and blocks action potential propagation in nociceptors .
GsAF-I is a potent Nav and hERG1 channels blocker with IC50s of 0.36, 0.6, 1.28, 0.33, 1.2, 0.04 and 4.8 μM against Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Nav1.3, Nav1.4, Nav1.6, Nav1.7 and hERG1, respectively .
RG33 Peptide is a diabetes inhibitor that significantly improves glucose clearance in insulin-resistant mice. RG33 Peptide effectively solubilizes lipid vesicles and promotes cholesterol efflux in cultured macrophages. RG33 Peptide is used in research into type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
Jingzhaotoxin-V, a 29-residue polypeptide, is derived from the venom of the spider Chilobrachys jingzhao. Jingzhaotoxin-V inhibits tetrodotoxin-resistant and tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons with IC50 values of 27.6 nM and 30.2 nM, respectively. Jingzhaotoxin-V also inhibits Kv4.2 potassium currents expressed in Xenpus Laevis oocytes (IC50 of 604.2 nM) .
Calcitonin (human) is a hypocalcemic hormone. Calcitonin can lower blood calcium levels and inhibit bone resorption. Calcitonin can be used in hypercalcemia or osteoporosis research .
KWKHGAEIVYKSPVV-{S(GlcNAc-β-D)}-GDTSPRHLSNVK-{K(biotinyl)}-NH2 is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
DPc10 is a biological active peptide. (This is amino acids 2460 to 2495 fragment of cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2). RyR2 controls calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which begins muscle contraction. Mutated RyR2 is associated to ventricular tachycardia (VT) and sudden death.)
C34 peptide is a biological active peptide. (This C34 peptide, also known as HR2, belongs to the helical region of gp41 of HIV, C-terminal heptad repeat 2 (HR2) defined as C helix or C peptide. It is known that HIV-1 enters cells by membrane fusion, C34 gp41 peptide is a potent inhibitors of HIV-1 fusion.)
Heteropodatoxin-2, a peptides of 30-amino acid, is a heteropodatoxin. Heteropodatoxin-2 blocks Kv4.2 current expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes in a voltage-dependent manner, with less block at more positive potentials .
PTPσ Inhibitor, ISP can bind to recombinant human PTPs and inhibits PTPσ signaling. PTPσ Inhibitor, ISP can penetrate the membrane and relieves the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG)-mediated axonal sprouting inhibition in spinal cord injury model. PTPσ Inhibitor, ISP enhances remyelination in LPC-induced demyelinated spinal cord. PTPσ Inhibitor, ISP also promotes oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) migration, maturation, remyelination, and functional recovery in animal models of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) .
Xenopus orexin A is a neuropeptides that identified as an endogenous ligands for an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor. Xenopus orexin A is a potent agonist of OX1R .
Elcatonin (Carbocalcitonin) is a synthetic analog of eel calcitonin. Elcatonin increases bone mineral density, inhibits bone resorption and processes a central analgesic effect .
Heteropodatoxin-2 (TFA), a peptides of 30-amino acid, is a heteropodatoxin. Heteropodatoxin-2 blocks Kv4.2 current expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes in a voltage-dependent manner, with less block at more positive potentials .
Calcitonin salmon, a calcium regulating hormone, is a dual-action amylin and calcitonin receptor agonist, could stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption.
Calcitonin, eel is the thyroid hormone peptide that contributes to the regulation of calcium homeostasis, widely used in the research of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Calcitonin, eel TFA is the thyroid hormone peptide that contributes to the regulation of calcium homeostasis, widely used in the research of postmenopausal osteoporosis .
Egg Laying Hormone, aplysia is a neuropeptide synthesized by the bag cell neurons, which contains 36 amino acids and can stimulate egglaying and ovulation in Aplysia via electrical discharge triggering of neurons. Egg-laying hormone of Aplysia induces a voltage-dependent slow inward current carried by Na' in an identified motoneuron .
Cotadutide (MEDI0382) acetate is a potent dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GCGR with EC50 values of 6.9 pM and 10.2 pM, respectively. Cotadutide acetate exhibits ability to facilitate both weight loss and glycaemic control, and alleviate fibrosis. Cotadutide acetate can be used in the research of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
β-Amyloid (1-37) (human) correlates moderately with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in Alzheimer disease. β-Amyloid (1-37) (human) possesses an added diagnostic value .
Ecnoglutide (XW003) is a long-acting, cAMP-biased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. Ecnoglutide can be used for research of T2DM and obesity .
Cotadutide (MEDI0382) is a potent dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GCGR with EC50 values of 6.9 pM and 10.2 pM, respectively. Cotadutide exhibits ability to facilitate both weight loss and glycaemic control, and alleviate fibrosis. Cotadutide can be used in the research of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
Calcitonin (rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
GrTx1 is a peptide toxin originally isolated from the venom of the spider Grammostola rosea. GrTx1 blocks sodium channel， with IC50s of 0.63 µM, 0.23 µM, 0.77 µM, 1.29 µM, 0.63 µM and 0.37 µM for Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Nav1.3, Nav1.4, Nav1.6 and Nav1.7, repectively .GrTx1 can be used for neurological disease research .
r8-Gly-Noxa A BH3 is a biological active peptide. (This cell permeable peptide is derived from the BH3 domain (a death domain) of Noxa A, amino acid residues 17 to 36. Eight D-Arginine residues and a Glycine linker residue are added to the amino terminal of the peptide.)
Glp-Amyloid-β (3-40) Peptide (human) (AβpE3-40) is a minor amounts of pyroglutamate-modified Aβ isolated from from 24-month-old Amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic Mice .
Urocortin II, mouse is a potent and selective endogenous peptide agonist of type-2 corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF2) receptor with Ki values of 0.66 nM and ﹥100 nM for CRFR2 and CRFR1, respectively. Urocortin II, mouse activates CRF2 receptors in a cAMP/PKA- and Ca 2+/CaMKII-dependent manner.Urocortin II, mouse is expressed in discrete areas of the central nervous system, and activates central neurons involved in the processing of visceral sensory information, and in modulating autonomic outflow .
Copeptin (rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
PP102 is an antimicrobial peptide is active against gram-positive B. subtilis (MIC: 25 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 13.3 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 63 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 23 uM) .
Copeptin (human) is a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Copeptin (human) is also the carboxyl terminus of the arginine vasopressin (AVP) precursor peptide. Copeptin (human) can be used in the study of cardiovascular disease .
JNK-IN-15, Cell-Permeable, Negative Control is a negative control of JNK-IN-15, Cell-Permeable (HY-P10140). JNK-IN-15, Cell-Permeable is an inhibitor of JNK .
JNK-IN-15, Cell-Permeable (JNK inhibitor III) is an inhibitor of JNK. JNK-IN-15, Cell-Permeable can used in study age-related neurodegenerative diseasev .
Liraglutide- 13C6, 15N (TFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014). Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) (Hypocretin-1 (human, rat, mouse)), a 33 amino acid excitatory neuropeptide, orchestrates diverse central and peripheral processes. Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) is a specific, high-affinity agonist for G-protein-coupled receptor OX1R. Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) has a role in the regulation of feeding behavior. Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) is an effective anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperalgesic agent in mice and rats .
APTSTAT3-9R, a specific STAT3-binding peptide, inhibits STAT3 activation and downstream signaling by specifically blocking STAT3 phosphorylation. APTSTAT3-9R exerts antiproliferative effects and antitumor activity .
ProTx-I, a venom toxin of the tarantula Thrixopelma pruriens, is a potent, selective CaV3.1 channel blocker with IC50 values of 0.2 μM and 31.8 μM for hCaV3.1 and hCaV3.2 respectively. ProTx-I is also a potent blocker for voltage-gated Na + channels and inhibits KV 2.1 channels .
Huwentoxin-IV is a potent and selective sodium channel blocker, inhibits neuronal Nav1.7, Nav1.2, Nav1.3 and Nav1.4 with IC50s of 26, 150, 338 and 400 nM, respectively. Huwentoxin-IV preferentially blocks peripheral nerve subtype Nav1.7 by binding neurotoxin receptor site 4. Huwentoxin-IV has analgesic effects on animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain .
Huwentoxin-IV TFA is a potent and selective sodium channel blocker, inhibits neuronal Nav1.7, Nav1.2, Nav1.3 and Nav1.4 with IC50s of 26, 150, 338 and 400 nM, respectively. Huwentoxin-IV TFA preferentially blocks peripheral nerve subtype Nav1.7 by binding neurotoxin receptor site 4. Huwentoxin-IV TFA has analgesic effects on animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain .
PR-39 TFA, a natural proline- and arginine-rich antibacterial peptide, is a noncompetitive, reversible and allosteric proteasome inhibitor. PR-39 TFAreversibly binds to the α7 subunit of the proteasome and blocks degradation of NF-κB inhibitor IκBα by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. PR-39 TFA stimulates angiogenesis, inhibits inflammatory responses and significant reduces myocardial infarct size in mice .
GIP (3-42), human acts as a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor antagonist, moderating the insulin secreting and metabolic actions of GIP in vivo .
BeKm-1 TFA is a potent and selective KV11.1 (hERG) channel blocker. BeKm-1 TFA is selective for KV11.1 over a panel of 14 other potassium channels. BeKm-1 TFA dose-dependently prolongs QTc interval in isolated rabbit heart.
Guangxitoxin 1E is a potent and selective blocker of KV2.1 and KV2.2 channels. Guangxitoxin 1E inhibits KV2 with an IC50 of 1-3 nM. KV2 channels underlie delayed-rectifier potassium currents in various neurons .
Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R), a chimeric peptide consisting of 29 amino acids, is synthesized by adding nona-arginine motif to the carboxy terminus of RVG (rabies virus glycoprotein). Chimeric Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Fragment (RVG-9R) is positively charged and able to bind negatively charged nucleic acids via charge interaction .
Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) is the precursor of Pyr peptide. Pyroglutamate-modified Aβ (pEAβ) (3-42) is the core of the amyloid template block in Alzheimer's disease. pEAβ(3-42) accelerated the aggregation of Aβ(1-42), while Aβ(1-42) significantly slowed the primary and secondary nucleation of pEAβ(3-42) .
Biotinyl-(Gln1)-Orexin A (human, mouse, rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) is the predominant amyloid β-peptide structure deposited in human brain of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome patients. (Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) is suggested to accumulate in the brain and to trigger the formation of insoluble amyloid β-peptide deposits .
Tamapin is a venom peptide, targeting to small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels. Tamapin is a selctive blocker of SK2 (Potassium Channel). Tamapin inhibits SK channel-mediated currents in pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. Tamapin can be isolated from the Indian red scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus) .
Liraglutide- 13C5, 15N (tetraTFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014) . Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
Tamapin TFA is a venom peptide, targeting to small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels. Tamapin TFA is a selctive blocker of SK2 (Potassium Channel). Tamapin TFA inhibits SK channel-mediated currents in pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. Tamapin TFA can be isolated from the Indian red scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus) .
[Asn23] β-Amyloid (1-40), Iowa mutation is a biological active peptide. (Several mutations in the beta amyloid precursor gene cause autosomal dominant Alzheimer's Disease in a number of kindreds. The Iowa mutation, where Asp 23 is replaced with Asn, is associated with severe cerebral amyloid beta-protein angiopathy (CAA). The affected individuals share a missense mutation in APP at position 694. The mutated beta-amyloid peptide aggregates more rapidly and forms toxic fibrils.)
[Arg6]-β-Amyloid (1-40), england mutation is a biological active peptide. (Several mutations in the beta amyloid precursor gene cause autosomal dominant Alzheimer's Disease in a number of kindreds. Among them, the English mutation, with His at position 6 replaced with Arg, was reported to accelerate the kinetics of oligomers formation which act as fibril seeds and are more toxic to cultured neuronal cells.)
Scrambled β-amyloid (1-40) is a biological active peptide. (Aβ (1-40) together with Aβ (1-42) are two major C-terminal variants of the Aβ protein constituting the majority of Aβs. These undergo post-secretory aggregation and deposition in the Alzheimer’s disease brain. This peptide is the scrambled sequence of Abeta 1-40 HY-P0265)
(Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) TFA is the predominant amyloid β-peptide structure deposited in human brain of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome patients. (Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) TFA is suggested to accumulate in the brain and to trigger the formation of insoluble amyloid β-peptide deposits .
Jingzhaotoxin XI (JZTX-XI) is a sodium conductance inhibitor with an IC50 of 124 nM. Jingzhaotoxin XI slows the fast inactivation (EC50=1.18±0.2 μM) of Nav1.5 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells .
Citrullinated amyloid-β (1-40) peptide (human) (Citrullinated Aβ (1-40)) is a modified form of β-Amyloid (1-40) (HY-P0265) with a citrullination at the Arg5 site. Citrullinated amyloid-β (1-40) peptide (human) exhibits increased transient formation of soluble oligomers and insoluble aggregates composed of distorted parallel β-sheets compared with unmodified β-Amyloid (1-40) .
(Gly22)-amyloid beta-protein(1-40) (Arctic variant Ab40ARC (E22G)) is a peptide. (Gly22)-amyloid beta-protein(1-40) can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease .
(Gln22,Asn23)-Amyloid β-Protein (1-40) is a peptide. (Gln22,Asn23)-Amyloid β-Protein (1-40) can be used for the research of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Mutations .
μ-TRTX-Hd1a, a spider venom, is a selective NaV 1.7 inhibitor. μ-TRTX-Hd1a is a gating modifier that inhibits human NaV 1.7 by interacting with the S3b-S4 paddle motif in channel domain II .
GTx1-15 is an inhibitor cystine knot (ICK) peptide that inhibits the voltage-dependent calcium channel Cav3.1 and the voltage-dependent sodium channels Nav1.3 and Nav1.7 .
Jingzhaotoxin-IX, a C-terminally amidated peptide composed of 35 amino acid residues, is a neurotoxin. Jingzhaotoxin-IX inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels (both tetrodotoxin-resistant and tetrodotoxin-sensitive isoforms) and Kv2.1 channel. Jingzhaotoxin-IX has no effect on delayed rectifier potassium channel Kv1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 .
JV-1-36 is a growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) antagonist. JV-1-36 inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species in A549 lung cancer cells. JV-1-36 can be used to study the effect of GHRH antagonists in vitro .
NN1177 (NNC9204-1177) TFA is a long-acting GLP-1/glucagon receptor co-agonist. NN1177 TFA can induce a dose-dependent body weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice .
JV-1-36 acetate is a growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) antagonist. JV-1-36 acetate inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species in A549 lung cancer cells. JV-1-36 can be used to study the effect of GHRH antagonists in vitro .
β-Amyloid (42-1), human is the inactive form of Amyloid β Peptide (1-42). β-Amyloid (42-1), human is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
Amylin, amide, rat is a potent and high affinity ligand of Amylin receptor AMY1 and AMY3 receptors and variably of AMY2 receptors; binding studies are generally used for the latter receptor.
Amylin, amide, human, a 37-amino acid polypeptide, is a pancreatic hormone cosecreted with insulin that exerts unique roles in metabolism and glucose homeostasis. Amylin, amide, human inhibits glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and acts as a satiety agent .
Urotensin I (Catostomus urotensin I), a CRF-like neuropeptide, acts as an agonist of CRF receptor with pEC50s of 11.46, 9.36 and 9.85 for human CRF1, human CRF2 and rat CRF2α receptors in CHO cells, and Kis of 0.4, 1.8, and 5.7 nM for hCRF1, rCRF2α and mCRF2β receptors, respectively .
Prepro VIP (81-122), human is a prepro-vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) derived peptide, corresponding to residues 81-122. Peptide histidine valine 42 (PHV-42) has been designated to correspond exactly to Prepro VIP (81-122), which reduces both the force and frequency of spontaneous contractions of isolated rat uterus .
Amylin (IAPP), feline is a 37-amino acid polypeptide from feline. Amylin (IAPP), feline is one of the major secretory products of β-cells of the pancreatic islets. Amylin (IAPP), feline is a regulatory peptide, which inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion .
Amylin, amide, human TFA, a 37-amino acid polypeptide, is a pancreatic hormone cosecreted with insulin that exerts unique roles in metabolism and glucose homeostasis. Amylin, amide, human TFA inhibits glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and acts as a satiety agent .
β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) is more prone to aggregation and has higher toxic properties than the long-known Aβ1-42. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) shows a correlation with both sAPPα and sAPPβ. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) could be considered an added Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker together with the others already in use .
β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA is more prone to aggregation and has higher toxic properties than the long-known Aβ1-42. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA shows a correlation with both sAPPα and sAPPβ. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA could be considered an added Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker together with the others already in use .
Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is a 37-amino acid polypeptide from feline. Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is one of the major secretory products of β-cells of the pancreatic islets. Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is a regulatory peptide, which inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion .
Urotensin I (Catostomus urotensin I) TFA, a CRF-like neuropeptide, acts as an agonist of CRF receptor with pEC50s of 11.46, 9.36 and 9.85 for human CRF1, human CRF2 and rat CRF2α receptors in CHO cells, and Kis of 0.4, 1.8, and 5.7 nM for hCRF1, rCRF2α and mCRF2β receptors, respectively .
Vosoritide (BMN 111) is a modified recombinant CNP (C-type natriuretic peptide) analogue, binds to NPR-B (natriuretic peptide receptor type B) and reduces the activity of FGFR3 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3). Vosoritide can be used in achondroplasia and dwarfism research .
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-40) (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-40) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-40) is a primary protein in plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease[1].
(Cys(Acm)6,12)-Orexin A (human, mouse, rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
(Gln22)-Amyloid β-Protein (1-42) is a Dutch mutation (E22Q) form of β-Amyloid (1-42) (HY-P1363). (Gln22)-Amyloid β-Protein (1-42) exhibits enhanced fibrillogenic and pathogenic properties .
Biotinyl-Amylin (mouse, rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Vosoritide (BMN 111) acetate is a natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) agonist that acts on the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes to promote bone growth .
ShK toxin blocks voltage-dependent potassium channel (Kv1.3 channel). ShK toxin can be isolated from the whole body extract of the Caribbean sea anemone (Stichodactylu helianthus). ShK toxin competes with dendrotoxin I and α-dendrotoxin for binding to synaptosomal membranes of rat brain, facilitates acetylcholine release. ShK toxin suppresses K+ currents in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. ShK toxin also inhibits T lymphocyte proliferation .
Stromatoxin 1 is an inhibitor of Potassium Channel, a peptide which can be isolated from tarantulas. Stromatoxin 1 selectively inhibits K(V)2.1, K(V)2.2, K(V)4.2, and K(V)2.1/9.3 channels. K(V)2.1 and K(V)2.2, but not K(V)4.2, channel subunits play a key role in opposing both myogenic and neurogenic urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM) contractions in rats .
[Asn23]-beta-Amyloid (1-42), iowa mutation is a biological active peptide. (Several mutations in the beta amyloid precursor gene cause autosomal dominant Alzheimer's Disease in a number of kindreds. The Iowa mutation, where Asp 23 is replaced with Asn, is associated with severe cerebral amyloid beta-protein angiopathy (CAA). The affected individuals share a missense mutation in APP at position 694. The mutated beta-amyloid peptide aggregates more rapidly and forms toxic fibrils.)
[Arg6]-β-Amyloid (1-42), england mutation is a biological active peptide. (Several mutations in the beta amyloid precursor gene cause autosomal dominant Alzheimer's Disease in a number of kindreds.Tthe English (H6R) mutation will disrupt H6 interactions.)
Iberiotoxin (TFA) is a selective high conductance high conductance Ca 2+-activated K + channel inhibitor with a Kd of ~1 nM. Iberiotoxin (TFA) does not block other types of voltage-dependent ion channels .
Biotin-β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Biotin-Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is the botin labeled β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (HY-P1363). β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
Tap1a (Theraphotoxin-Tap1a) is a spider venom peptide that inhibits sodium channels with IC50s of 80 nM and 301 nM against Nav1.7 and Nav1.1, respectively. Tap1a shows analgesic effects .
mHuwentoxin-IV is a naturally modified Huwentoxin-IV (HY-P1220). mHuwentoxin-IV inhibits tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) voltage-gated sodium channels of dorsal root ganglion neurons with an IC50 of 54.16 nM. mHuwentoxin-IV inhibition of tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium channels is not reversed by strong depolarization voltages .
Citrullinated amyloid-β (1-42) peptide (human) (Citrullinated Aβ (1-42)) is a modified form of β-Amyloid (1-42) (HY-P1363) with a citrullination at the Arg5 site. Compared to the unmodified β-Amyloid (1-42), its formation of soluble low-molecular-weight oligomers is enhanced, the rate of fibril formation is reduced, and like unmodified Aβ42, it forms protofibrils comprised of parallel β-sheets .
Bactenecin 5 is a bovine antibacterial peptide. Bactenecin 5 is active against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. T, with MIC values of 12-25 μg/mL .
PP113 is an antimicrobial peptide is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, E.coli (MIC: 73.3 uM), B. subtilis (MIC: 23.3 uM), S. aureus (MIC: 13 uM), S. lutea (MIC: 16.7 uM), and B. pumilu (MIC: 23.3 uM) .
Phlo1b (μ-TrTx-Phlo1b) is a peptide toxin contains 35-amino acid residues. Phlo1b is a selective Nav1.7 inhibitor. Phlo1b has a weak inhibitory effect on Nav1.2 and Nav1.5 .
Phlo1a (μ-TrTx-Phlo1a) is a peptide toxin contains 35-amino acid residues. Phlo1b is a selective Nav1.7 inhibitor. Phlo1a has a weak inhibitory effect on Nav1.2 and Nav1.5 .
Termicin is an antimicrobial peptide from Pseudacanthotermes spiniger. Termicin has anti-gram-positive bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeast activity .
Chlorotoxin is a 36 amino-acid peptide from the venom of the Israeli scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus with anticancer activity. Chlorotoxin is a chloride channel blocker.
Chlorotoxin TFA is a peptide isolated from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus, acts as a chloride channel blocker . Anti-cancer activity .
Margatoxin, an alpha-KTx scorpion toxin, is a high affinity inhibitor of Kv1.3 (Kd=11.7 pM). Margatoxin inhibits the Kv1.2 (Kd=6.4 pM) and Kv1.1 (Kd=4.2 nM). Margatoxin, a 39 amino-acid-long peptide, is isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides margaritatus and widely used in ion channel research .
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-42), human (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-42) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease[1].
5-FAM-Amylin (human) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
FITC-β-Ala-Amyloid β-Protein (1-42) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Jingzhaotoxin-III is a potent and selective blocker of Nav1.5 channels, with an IC50 of 348 nM, and shows no effect on other sodium channel isoforms. Jingzhaotoxin-III can selectively inhibit the activation of cardiac sodium channel but not neuronal subtypes, and hopefully represents an important ligand for discriminating cardiac VGSC subtype .
AmmTX3 is a peptide toxin that can be isolated from the venom of the scorpion Androctonus mauretanicus. AmmTX3 is specific blocker of Kv4 channel. AmmTX3 inhibits the A-type K + current (Ki: 131 nM) .
ω-Hexatoxin-Hv1a is a neurotoxin that can be isolated from the venom spider (Hadronyche versuta).ω-Hexatoxin-Hv1a blocks voltage-gated calcium channels .
Hainantoxin-IV is a specific antagonist of Sodium Channel, targeting to tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) voltage-gated sodium channels. His28 and Lys32 are the key resiudes of Hainantoxin-IV for binding with target, while Hainantoxin-IV adopts an inhibitor cystine knot motif .
Margatoxin TFA, an alpha-KTx scorpion toxin, is a high affinity inhibitor of Kv1.3 (Kd=11.7 pM). Margatoxin TFA inhibits the Kv1.2 (Kd=6.4 pM) and Kv1.1 (Kd=4.2 nM). Margatoxin TFA, a 39 amino-acid-long peptide, is isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides margaritatus and widely used in ion channel research .
Aa1 toxin, a neurotoxic peptide that can be obtained from the venom of Androctonus australis Garzoni, is a specific potassium channel blocker. Aa1 toxin can be used in the study of neurological diseases .
Slotoxin, a peptide from Centruroides noxius Hoffmann scorpion venom, blocks high conductance calcium-activated potassium channel, with Kd of 1.5 nM[1].
Hongotoxin-1, isolated from venom of Centruroides limbatus, is the inhibitor of potassium channel, with IC50 for? Kv1.1, Kv1.2, Kv1.3, and Kv1.6 of 31 pM, 170 pM, 86 pM,and 6000 pM, respectively .
HsTX1, from the scorpion Heterometrus spinnifer, is a 34-residue, C-terminally amidated peptide cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. HsTX1, an the inhibitor of potassium channel, with IC50 for Kv1.3 of 12 pM inhibits TEM cell activation and attenuates inflammation in autoimmunity .
Palicourein is a 37 amino acid cyclic polypeptide. Palicourein inhibits the in vitro cytopathic effects of HIV-1RF infection of CEM-SS cells with an EC50 value of 0.1 μM and an IC50 value of 1.5 μM .
Tityustoxin-Kα (TsTx-Kα) is an inhibitor of potassium voltage-gated channels. Tityustoxin-Kα shows a dose-dependent block of the sustained outward current in cultured hippocampal neurons .
Evuzamitide is a diagnostic imaging agent. Evuzamitide as a pan-amyloid radiotracer binding to amyloid deposits from multiple amyloidogenic proteins. Evuzamitide can be used for the research of early diagnosis of amyloid cardiomyopathy (CMP) and monitoring .
HsTX1 (TFA) toxin, from the scorpion Heterometrus spinnifer, is a 34-residue, C-terminally amidated peptide cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. HsTX1 (TFA) is an the inhibitor of potassium channel, with IC50 for Kv1.3 of 12 pM and inhibits TEM cell activation and attenuates inflammation in autoimmunity .
FOXO4-DRI is a cell-permeable peptide antagonist that blocks the interaction of FOXO4 and p53. FOXO4-DRI is a senolytic peptide that induces apoptosis of senescent cells .
FOXO4-DRI acetate is a cell-permeable peptide antagonist that blocks the interaction of FOXO4 and p53. FOXO4-DRI acetate is a senolytic peptide that induces apoptosis of senescent cells .
AmmTX3 TFA is a peptide toxin that can be isolated from the venom of the scorpion Androctonus mauretanicus. AmmTX3 TFA is specific blocker of Kv4 channel. AmmTX3 TFA inhibits the A-type K + current (Ki: 131 nM) .
Myoregulin (MLN peptide) is a member of the regulin family. Myoregulin regulates muscle performance by modulating intracellular calcium handling. Myoregulin interactes directly with sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase (SERCA) and impedinf Ca 2+ uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum .
Myoregulin (MLN peptide) TFA is a member of the regulin family. Myoregulin TFA regulates muscle performance by modulating intracellular calcium handling. Myoregulin TFA interactes directly with sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase (SERCA) and impedinf Ca 2+ uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum .
Proadrenomedullin (45-92), human, a mid-regional fragment of proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM), comprises amino acids 45–92 of pre-proADM. Proadrenomedullin (45-92), human has a longer half-life, is relatively stable and is produced in equimolar amounts to adrenomedullin (ADM), making it a surrogate for plasma levels of ADM gene products .
Human β-defensin-2 (HβD-2) is a small cysteine-rich cationic skin-antimicrobial peptide (SAP) produced by a number of epithelial cells.Human β-defensin-2 has antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria and Candida, but not gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus . Human β-defensin-2 can be used for the study of colitis .
CART (61-102) (rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Crotamine is a Na + channel modulator. Crotamine is a 42 amino acid toxin cross-linked by three disulfide bridges. Crotamine has analgesic activity. Crotamine also interacts with lipid membranes and shows myonecrotic activity. Crotamine can be isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom .
Intermedin (human) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Intermedin (rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Pezadeftide is a potent antifungal peptide. Pezadeftide can enter fungal cells and cause a rapid mitochondrial response that results in hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane .
Cacaoidin is a glycosylated lantibiotic isolated from a Streptomyces cacaoi strain. Cacaoidin has potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive pathogens including Clostridium difficile .
lota-conotoxin RXIA is an agonist of voltage-gated
sodium channels (Nav1.2, 1.6, 1.7). Iota-conotoxin RXIA
can induce repetitive action potential and seizure in motor axons of frogs
after intracranial injection in mice .
Kisspeptin-54(human) (Metastin(human)) is an endogenous ligand for kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Kisspeptin-54(human) binds to rat and human GPR54 receptors with Ki values of 1.81 nM and 1.45 nM, respectively. Kisspeptin-54(human) hinders tumor metastasis and stimulates gonadotropin secretion .
Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA (Metastin(human) TFA) is an endogenous ligand for kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA binds to rat and human GPR54 receptors with Ki values of 1.81 nM and 1.45 nM, respectively. Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA hinders tumor metastasis and stimulates gonadotropin secretion .
ω-Agatoxin IVA is a potent, selective P/Q type Ca 2+ (Cav2.1) channel blocker with IC50s of 2 nM and 90 nM for P-type and Q-type Ca 2+ channels, respectively. ω-Agatoxin IVA (IC50, 30-225 nM) inhibits glutamate exocytosis and calcium influx elicited by high potassium. ω-Agatoxin IVA also blocks the high potassium-induced release of serotonin and norepinephrine. ω-Agatoxin IVA has no effect on L-type or N-type calcium channels .
ω-Agatoxin TK, a peptidyl toxin of the venom of Agelenopsis aperta, is a potent and selective P/Q type Ca 2+ channel blocker. ω-Agatoxin TK inhibits the high K + depolarisation-induced rise in internal Ca 2+ in cerebral isolated nerve endings with an IC50 of of 60 nM. ω-Agatoxin TK has no effect on L-type, N-type, or T-type calcium channels .
Echistatin, the smallest active RGD protein belonging to the family of disintegrins that are derived from snake venoms, is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Echistatin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption in culture. Echistatin is a potent antagonist of αIIbβ3, αvβ3 and α5β1 .
Echistatin TFA, the smallest active RGD protein belonging to the family of disintegrins that are derived from snake venoms, is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Echistatin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption in culture. Echistatin is a potent antagonist of αIIbβ3, αvβ3 and α5β1 .
ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA is a potent, selective P/Q type Ca 2+ (Cav2.1) channel blocker with IC50s of 2 nM and 90 nM for P-type and Q-type Ca 2+ channels, respectively. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA (IC50, 30-225 nM) inhibits glutamate exocytosis and calcium influx elicited by high potassium. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA also blocks the high potassium-induced release of serotonin and norepinephrine. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA has no effect on L-type or N-type calcium channels .
Anthopleurin-A is a soidum channel toxin. Anthopleurin-A is selective for cardiac channels and has cardiotonic effect. Anthopleurin-A can be isolated from the sea anemone .
Anthopleurin-A TFA is a soidum channel toxin. Anthopleurin-A TFA is selective for cardiac channels and has cardiotonic effect. Anthopleurin-A TFA can be isolated from the sea anemone .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), human is the 1-53 fragment of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide is natriuretic peptide family peptide that is involved in the maintenance of electrolyte-fluid balance and vascular tone .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), human TFA is the 1-53 fragment of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide TFA is natriuretic peptide family peptide that is involved in the maintenance of electrolyte-fluid balance and vascular tone .
Tau Peptide (255-314) (Repeat 2 Domain) (human) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
Mambalgin-2 (Mamb-2) is an acid-sensitive ion channels (ASICs) inhibitor and a venom peptide. Mambalgin-2 can be obtained from the venom of the African black mamba. Mambalgin-2 can be used in the study of pain and neurological diseases .
ACV1 (Vc1.1), an α-Conotoxin, is a selective α9α10 nAChR antagonist with an IC50 of 19 nM. ACV1 is ~100-fold less potent on human α9α10 vs. rat nAChRs .
Ecallantide (DX-88) is a specific plasma kallikrein inhibitor. Ecallantide inhibits the production of bradykinin. Ecallantide can be used to prevent acute attacks of angioedema .
Ecallantide (DX-88) TFA is a specific recombinant plasma kallikrein inhibitor. Ecallantide inhibits the production of bradykinin. Ecallantide may be used to prevent acute attacks of angioedema .
Latartoxin-1a (LtTx-1a) is a peptide toxin can be isolated from L. tarabaevi. Latartoxin-1a is paralytic and lethal to insects and has membrane-bound activity .
MmTx2 toxin is a GABAA receptor modulator that enhances GABAA receptor sensitivity to agonists. MmTx2 toxin can be obtained from venom of coral snake. MmTx2 toxin can be used in the study of neurological diseases such as epilepsy, schizophrenia and chronic pain .
FRETS-VWF73 is a biological active peptide. (FRETS-VWF73 is a very powerful Fluorescence-Quenching Substrate for the VWF cleaving protease ADAMTS-13. It is commonly used as a useful tool for the rapid measurement of ADAMTS-13 activity in plasma and is a predictive marker for various thrombotic diseases like TPP. Our new substrate FRETS-VWF73 can be easily used with a 96-well format in commercial plate readers.)
κ-Bungarotoxin (κ-Bgt) is a potent, selective, and slowly reversible antagonist of α3β2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with an IC50 of 2.30 nM .
alpha-Cobratoxin is a neurotoxin, which can be isolated from the venom of the Thailand cobra. alpha-Cobratoxin exhibits neuromodulatory, antiviral, and analgesic activity. alpha-Cobratoxin also shows potent immunosuppressive activity for acute and chronic multiple sclerosis. alpha-Cobratoxin is further on research in adrenomyeloneuropathy .
pTH (1-84) (rat) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
pTH (1-84) (dog) is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development .
H-Tyr(3-I)-OH is a potent and effective tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor. H-Tyr(3-I)-OH is an intermediate in the production of thyroid hormones and has a role as a human or mouse metabolite .
Luteolin 7-sulfate is isolated from Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino, a marine plant. Luteolin 7-sulfate attenuates TYR gene expression through the intervention of a cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB)- and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF)-mediated signaling pathway, leading to the decreased melanin synthesis .
Maculosin is a host-specific phytotoxin for spotted knapweed from Alternaria alternata. Maculosin is a quorum-sensing molecule involved in cell-cell communication by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Maculosin also acts as a signaling molecule regulating virulence gene expression in Lactobacillus reuteri. Maculosin shows antioxidant, anti-cancer and non-toxicity properties. Maculosin shows cytotoxic activity against the human liver cancer cell lines, with an IC50 of 48.90 µg/mL .
Euphornin is a anticaner agent, that can be isolated from E. helioscopia. Euphornin induces apoptosis via caspase-mediated pathways. Euphornin induces cell cycle arrest by increasing the level of the phospho-CDK1 (Tyr15) protein .
Solasurine is a steroidal alkaloid that can be isolated from Solanum surrattence. Solasurine can interact with the C3-like protease (SARS-CoV-2 main protease) amino acids Phe8, Pro9, Ile152, Tyr154, Pro293, Phe294, Val297, and Arg298 .
APETx2, a sea anemone peptide from Anthopleura elegantissima, is a selective and reversible ASIC3 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 63 nM. APETx2 directly inhibits the ASIC3 channel by acting at its external side. APETx2 could reverses acid‐induced and inflammatory pain .
HA Peptide (HA tag) is a nine amino acids peptide derived from the human influenza hemagglutinin (HA). HA Peptide is extensively used to isolate, purify, detect, and track the protein of interest in cell biology and biochemistry.
Aprotinin is a bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) inhibitor which inhibits trypsin and chymotrypsin with Kis of 0.06 pM and 9 nM, respectively.
Dendrotoxin-I is a potent K + channels blocker and targets voltage-gated potassium channel subunits KV1.1 and KV1.2. Dendrotoxin-I is a neurotoxin isolated from thevenom of Dendroaspis snakes .
Calcicludine is a protein toxin from the venom of the green mamba Dendroaspis angusticeps that inhibits high-voltage-activated calcium channel, especially L-type calcium channel with the IC50 of 88 nM. Calcicludine has role in excitatory synaptic transmission .
[Leu5]-Enkephalin is a pentapeptide with morphine like properties. [Leu5]-Enkephalin is a five amino acid endogenous peptide that acts as an agonist at opioid receptors.
Endomorphin 1, a high affinity, highly selective agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (Ki: 1.11 nM), displays reasonable affinities for kappa3 binding sites, with Ki value between 20 and 30 nM. Endomorphin 1 has antinociceptive properties .
Gluten Exorphin B5 is an exogenous opioid peptides derived from wheat gluten, acts on opioid receptor, increases postprandial plasma insulin level in rats .
Thymopentin acetate is a biologically active peptide secreted mainly by the epithelial cells of thymic cortex and medulla. Thymopentin acetate is an effective immunomodulatory agent with a short plasma half-life of 30 seconds. Thymopentin acetate enhances the generation of T-cell lineage derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) .
Angiotensin 1-7 (Ang-(1-7)) acetate is an endogenous heptapeptide from the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with a cardioprotective role due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities in cardiac cells. Angiotensin 1-7 acetate inhibits purified canine ACE activity (IC50=0.65 μM). Angiotensin 1-7 acetate acts as a local synergistic modulator of kinin-induced vasodilation by inhibiting ACE and releasing nitric oxide. Angiotensin 1-7 acetate blocks Ang II-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation and hypertrophy and shows antiangiogenic and growth-inhibitory effects on the endothelium .
Angiotensin II (Angiotensin II) is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway .
TAT (YGRKKRRQRRR) is derived from the transactivator of transcription (TAT) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and is a cell-penetrating peptide. TAT can increase the yields and the solubility of heterologous proteins .
Ceruletide is a decapeptide and a potent cholecystokinin receptor agonist. Ceruletide is a safe and effective cholecystokinetic agent with a direct spasmogenic effect on the gallbladder muscle and bile ducts .
Oxytocin (α-Hypophamine) acetate is a pleiotropic, hypothalamic peptide known for facilitating parturition, lactation, and prosocial behaviors. Oxytocin acetate can function as a stress-coping molecule with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protective effects especially in the face of adversity or trauma .
Oxytocin (α-Hypophamine; Oxytocic hormone) is a pleiotropic, hypothalamic peptide known for facilitating parturition, lactation, and prosocial behaviors. Oxytocin can function as a stress-coping molecule with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protective effects especially in the face of adversity or trauma .
Lysipressin (Lysine vasopressin) is antidiuretic hormone that have been found in pigs and some marsupial families. Lysipressin induces contraction of the rabbit urinary bladder smooth muscle, activate adenylate-cyclase .
Maximin 15 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 15 is active against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, with MIC values of 9.4, 18.8, 75 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 28 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 28 is active against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, with MIC values of 4.7, 9.4, 75 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 32 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 32 is active against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with MIC values of 9.4, 18.8 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 39 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the toad brain. Maximin 39 is active against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with MIC values of 18.8, 37.5 μg/mL, respectively .
Maximin 45 is an antimicrobial peptide. Maximin 41 has antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, B. subtilis (MIC: 4.7, 9.4, 75 μg/mL). Maximin 45 has hemolytic activities against human and rabbit red cells .
Maximin 49 is an antimicrobial peptide. Maximin 49 has antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC: 18.8 μg/mL). Maximin 49 has hemolytic activities against human and rabbit red cells .
Maximin 42 is an antimicrobial peptide. Maximin 42 has antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC: 37.5 μg/mL). Maximin 42 has hemolytic activities against human red cells .
Rabies Virus Glycoprotein is a 29-amino-acid cell penetrating peptide derived from a rabies virus glycoprotein that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enter brain cells.
β-Endorphin, equine TFA is an endogenous opioid peptide, which binds at high affinity to both μ/δ opioid receptors. β-Endorphin, equine TFA has analgesic properties .
Chlorotoxin is a 36 amino-acid peptide from the venom of the Israeli scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus with anticancer activity. Chlorotoxin is a chloride channel blocker.
Chlorotoxin TFA is a peptide isolated from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus, acts as a chloride channel blocker . Anti-cancer activity .
Margatoxin, an alpha-KTx scorpion toxin, is a high affinity inhibitor of Kv1.3 (Kd=11.7 pM). Margatoxin inhibits the Kv1.2 (Kd=6.4 pM) and Kv1.1 (Kd=4.2 nM). Margatoxin, a 39 amino-acid-long peptide, is isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides margaritatus and widely used in ion channel research .
Echistatin, the smallest active RGD protein belonging to the family of disintegrins that are derived from snake venoms, is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Echistatin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption in culture. Echistatin is a potent antagonist of αIIbβ3, αvβ3 and α5β1 .
Echistatin TFA, the smallest active RGD protein belonging to the family of disintegrins that are derived from snake venoms, is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Echistatin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption in culture. Echistatin is a potent antagonist of αIIbβ3, αvβ3 and α5β1 .
TYR protein, a copper-containing oxidase, initiates melanin production by catalyzing the hydroxylation of tyrosine to DOPA. This essential step is rate-limiting in the synthesis of melanins and polyphenolic compounds. TYR further enables the oxidation of DOPA to DOPA-quinone and potentially mediates the conversion of DHI to indole-5,6 quinone, playing a crucial role in the intricate cascade of reactions involved in melanin biosynthesis. TYR Protein, Human (P.pastoris, His) is the recombinant human-derived TYR protein, expressed by P. pastoris , with N-His, N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of TYR Protein, Human (P.pastoris, His) is 359 a.a., with molecular weight of ~48 kDa.
The DTD1 protein, as a potential ATPase, may participate in DNA replication by helping to load CDC45 onto the prereplication complex. In addition, it can also act as an aminoacyl-tRNA editing enzyme, specifically deacylating erroneous D-aminoacyl-tRNA and erroneous glycyl-tRNA (Ala). DTD1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived DTD1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of DTD1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 209 a.a., with molecular weight of ~30.0 kDa.
H-Tyr(3-I)-OH- 13C6 is the 13C-labeled H-Tyr(3-I)-OH. H-Tyr(3-I)-OH is a potent and effective tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor. H-Tyr(3-I)-OH is an intermediate in the production of thyroid hormones and has a role as a human or mouse metabolite[1][2].
Fmoc-Tyr(tBu)-OH- 13C9, 15N is a 15N-labeled and 13C-labled Hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine, a purine derivative, is a potential free radical generator and could be used as an indicator of hypoxia.
Liraglutide- 13C6, 15N (TFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014). Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
Liraglutide- 13C5, 15N (tetraTFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014) . Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-40) (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-40) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-40) is a primary protein in plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease[1].
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-42), human (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-42) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease[1].
Phospho-JAK2 (Tyr1007/1008) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 131 kDa, targeting to Phospho-JAK2 (Tyr1007/1008). It can be used for WB,IHC-P,ICC/IF,IP,FC assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
MET; Hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGF receptor; HGF/SF receptor; Proto-oncogene c-Met; Scatter factor receptor; SF receptor; TYRosine-protein kinase Met
WB, IP
Human
Phospho-c-Met (Tyr1349) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 156 kDa, targeting to Phospho-c-Met (Tyr1349). It can be used for WB,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human.
Phospho-JAK2 (Tyr1007+Tyr1008) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 131 kDa, targeting to Phospho-JAK2(Y1007+Y1008). It can be used for WB,ICC,IHC-P,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
Phospho-ERK1/2 (Tyr204/Tyr187) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 42,44 kDa, targeting to Phospho-ERK1/2 (Tyr204/Tyr187). It can be used for WB,IHC-P,ICC/IF assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
Phospho-FAK (Tyr397) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 119 kDa, targeting to Phospho-FAK (Y397). It can be used for WB,ICC/IF assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse.
Phospho-Src (Tyr419) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 60 kDa, targeting to Phospho-Src(Y419). It can be used for WB,FC assays with tag free, in the background of Human.
Phospho-SHP2 (Tyr542) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 68 kDa, targeting to Phospho-SHP2(Y542). It can be used for WB,ICC,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Mouse.
Phospho-ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204)/(Thr185/Tyr187) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 44,42 kDa, targeting to Phospho-ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204)/(Thr185/Tyr187). It can be used for WB assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
Phospho-STAT3 (Tyr705) Antibody (YA146) is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 88 kDa, targeting to Phospho-STAT3(Tyr705). It can be used for WB,IHC-P,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse.
Phospho-GSK3 (Tyr216/Tyr279) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 51 kDa, targeting to Phospho-GSK3 (Tyr216/Tyr279). It can be used for WB,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Mouse, Rat.
NTRK2; TRKB; BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor; GP145-TrkB; Trk-B; Neurotrophic TYRosine kinase receptor type 2; TrkB TYRosine kinase; Tropomyosin-related kinase B
WB
Human, Mouse, Rat
Phospho-TrkA/B (Tyr490/Tyr516) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 92 kDa, targeting to Phospho-TrkA/B (Tyr490/Tyr516). It can be used for WB assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
STAT5A; STAT5; Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A
WB, IHC-P, IF-Cell
Human, Rat, Mouse
Phospho-Stat5 (Tyr694) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 91 kDa, targeting to Phospho-Stat5(Y694). It can be used for WB,IHC-P assays with tag free, in the background of Human.
STAT3; APRF; Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; Acute-phase response factor
WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF, IP
Human, Mouse, Rat
Phospho-STAT3 (Tyr705) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 88 kDa, targeting to Phospho-STAT3 (Tyr705). It can be used for WB,IHC-P,ICC/IF,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
Phospho-EGFR (Tyr1068) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 134 kDa, targeting to Phospho-EGFR (Tyr1068). It can be used for WB,IHC-F,IHC-P,ICC/IF assays with tag free, in the background of Human.
Phospho-EGFR (Tyr1092) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 134 kDa, targeting to Phospho-EGFR (Tyr1092). It can be used for WB,IHC-P assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
Phospho-EGFR (Tyr1173) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 134 kDa, targeting to Phospho-EGFR (Tyr1173). It can be used for WB,IHC-F,IHC-P,ICC/IF,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human.
STAT1; Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta; Transcription factor ISGF-3 components p91/p84
ICC/IF, WB, IHC-F, IHC-P, IP, ELISA
Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey
Phospho-STAT1 (Tyr701) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 87 kDa, targeting to Phospho-STAT1 (Tyr701). It can be used for ICC/IF,WB,IHC-F,IHC-P,IP,ELISA assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey.
CDK2; CDKN2; Cyclin-dependent kinase 2; Cell division protein kinase 2; p33 protein kinase
WB, IP
Human, Hamster, Rat
Phospho-CDK2 (Tyr15) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 34 kDa, targeting to Phospho-CDK2 (Tyr15). It can be used for WB,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Hamster, Rat.
Phospho-PI3 Kinase p85/p55 (Tyr467/Tyr199) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 84 kDa, targeting to Phospho-PI3 Kinase p85/p55 (Tyr467/Tyr199). It can be used for WB,IHC-F,IHC-P,ICC/IF,ELISA assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey.
IGF1R; Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; Insulin-like growth factor I receptor; IGF-I receptor; CD antigen CD221
WB, IP
Human, Mouse, Rat
Phospho-IGF1 Receptor (Tyr1166) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 155 kDa, targeting to Phospho-IGF1 Receptor (Tyr1166). It can be used for WB,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
GAB1; GRB2-associated-binding protein 1; GRB2-associated binder 1; Growth factor receptor bound protein 2-associated protein 1
WB, ICC/IF
Human, Mouse
Phospho-GAB1 (Tyr627) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 77 kDa, targeting to Phospho-GAB1 (Tyr627). It can be used for WB,ICC/IF assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse.
CDK1; CDC2; CDC28A; CDKN1; P34CDC2; Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; CDK1; Cell division control protein 2 homolog; Cell division protein kinase 1; p34 protein kinase
WB
Human, Mouse, Rat
Phospho-CDK1 (Tyr15) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 34 kDa, targeting to Phospho-CDK1 (Tyr15). It can be used for WB assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
Phospho-FAK (Tyr576) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 119 kDa, targeting to Phospho-FAK (Tyr576). It can be used for WB assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse.
Phospho-p38 (Thr180/Tyr182) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined polyclonal antibody about 41 kDa, targeting to Phospho-p38 (Thr180/Tyr182). It can be used for WB assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
ERK1 + ERK2 (phospho Thr183/TYR185); phospho-ERK1/MAPK-1/2(Thr183/TYR185); ERK 1; ERK 2; ERK-2; ERK1; ERK2; ERT1; ERT2; Extracellular signal regulated kinase 1; Extracellular signal regulated kinase 1; Extracellular signal regulated kinase 2; Extracellular signal regulated kinase 2; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2; HS44KDAP; HUMKER1A; Insulin stimulated MAP2 kinase; MAP kinase 1; MAP kinase 2; MAP kinase isoform p42; MAP kinase isoform p44; MAPK 1; MAPK 2; MAPK1; MAPK2; MGC20180; Microtubule associated protein 2 kinase; Mitogen activated protein kinase 1; Mitogen activated protein kinase 1; Mitogen activated protein kinase 2; Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1; Mitogen-activated protein kinase 2; MK01_MOUSE; p38; p40; p41; p41mapk; p42 MAPK; p42-MAPK; p42MAPK; p42MAPK; p44 ERK1; p44 MAPK; p44ERK1; p44ERK1; p44MAPK; p44MAPK; PRKM 1; PRKM 1; PRKM 2; PRKM 2; PRKM1; PRKM2; Protein kinase mitogen activated 1; Protein kinase mitogen activated 1; Protein kinase mitogen activated 2; Protein kinase mitogen activated 2; Protein TYRosine kinas.
WB; ELISA; IHC-P; IHC-F; ICC; IF
Human, Mouse(predicted: Rat, Chicken, Dog, Cow, Horse, Rabbit, Guinea Pig)
phospho-ERK1 + 2 (Thr183/Tyr185) Antibody is an unconjugated, approximately 42/44 kDa, rabbit-derived, anti-phospho-ERK1 + 2 (Thr183/Tyr185) polyclonal antibody. phospho-ERK1 + 2 (Thr183/Tyr185) Antibody can be used for: WB, ELISA, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC, IF expriments in human, mouse, and predicted: rat, chicken, dog, cow, horse, rabbit, guinea pig background without labeling.
AI849689; c Jun N terminal kinase 1; C-JUN kinase 1; c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1; EC 2.7.11.24; JAK 1A; JAK1A; JNK 1; JNK 46; JNK; JNK-46; JNK1A2; JNK21B1/2; MAP kinase 8; MAPK 8; MAPK8; Mitogen activated protein kinase 8; Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8
WB, IP
Human, Rat
Phospho-JNK1 (Thr183/Tyr185) Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 48 kDa, targeting to Phospho-JNK1 (Thr183/Tyr185). It can be used for WB,IP assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Rat.
phospho-PI3KCA (Tyr317) Antibody is an unconjugated, approximately 117 kDa, rabbit-derived, anti-phospho-PI3KCA (Tyr317) polyclonal antibody. phospho-PI3KCA (Tyr317) Antibody can be used for: WB, ELISA, IHC-P, IHC-F, IF expriments in human, mouse, and predicted: rat background without labeling.
H-L-Tyr(2-azidoethyl)-OH hydrochloride is a unnatural Tyrosine derivative. H-L-Tyr(2-azidoethyl)-OH hydrochloride is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group .
H-D-Tyr(Propargyl)-OH is a click chemistry reagent containing an Azide . H-D-Tyr(Propargyl)-OH is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Fmoc-L-Tyr(2-azidoethyl)-OH is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group. Fmoc-L-Tyr(2-azidoethyl)-OH is unnatural Fmoc-protected Tyrosine derivative bears an azidoethyl substitution as reactive handle e.g. for biorthogonal conjugations, via a Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar Click cycloaddition with alkynes. And azido-UAAs can be employed as IR reporters .
H-L-Tyr(3-N3)-OH is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide . H-L-Tyr(3-N3)-OH is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. Strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) can also occur with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
H-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH (hydrochloride) is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group. Used as a modified Phe or Tyr analogue in protein and peptide biosynthesis. Propargyloxycarbonyl, commonly abbreviated as Poc or Pryoc, can either be used as alkyne component for standard Click conjugation or in combination with tetrazine linkers in copper-free Diels-Alder type Click reactions. It also has applications as unusual protecting group for amines, hydroxy functions and as esters. All 3 are stable to neat TFA, but can be cleaved at ambient temperature with Co2(CO)8 in TFA:DCM. Deprotection with other transition metals like palladium have also been reported . H-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH (hydrochloride) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
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