cytoskeleton

Pathways Recommended:	Cytoskeleton

By Targets:	Akt (1) Antibiotic (1) Apoptosis (6) Autophagy (2) Bacterial (1) Bcr-Abl (1) CDK (1) Cytochrome P450 (1) Dynamin (1) ERK (1) Fluorescent Dye (4) Fungal (3) HIV Integrase (1) LIM Kinase (LIMK) (1) Microtubule/Tubulin (7) NF-κB (2) Phospholipase (2) PKA (1) Ras (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (14) Cardiovascular Disease (2) Endocrinology (2) Infection (4) Inflammation/Immunology (7) Metabolic Disease (1) Neurological Disease (2)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-139533

Phosphatidylinositols, soya, sodium salts	Others	Others
Phosphatidylinositols, soya, sodium salts is a mixture of phosphatidylinositols. Phosphoinositides are lipids involved in the vesicular transport of proteins and lipids between the different compartments of eukaryotic cells. They act by recruiting and/or activating effector proteins and thus are involved in regulating various cellular functions, such as vesicular budding, membrane fusion and cytoskeleton dynamics .

HY-120921

Zoxamide RH-7281	Fungal	Infection
Zoxamide (RH-7281) is an oomycete fungicide. Zoxamide arrests nuclear division in Phytophthora capsici germlings and destroyed the microtubule cytoskeleton .

HY-162161

Flutax-2	Fluorescent Dye	Cancer
Flutax-2 is an active fluorescent derivative of Paclitaxel, binds to αβ-tubulin dimer polymerized. Flutax-2 can be used for imaging microtubules in live cells, isolated cytoskeletons and parasite (Ex/Em=496/526 nm) .

HY-111935

3,3'-Diethyl-9-methylthiacarbocyanine iodide	Microtubule/Tubulin	Neurological Disease
3,3'-Diethyl-9-methylthiacarbocyanine iodide is a cyanine dye, also a tau aggregation inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.28 μM for tau. 3,3'-Diethyl-9-methylthiacarbocyanine iodide can cause misfunction of the microtubule cytoskeleton. 3,3'-Diethyl-9-methylthiacarbocyanine iodide can be used for researching Alzheimer’s disease .

HY-111009

Swinholide A	Fungal	Infection
Swinholide A is the actin-binding marine polyketide and dimerizes actin with the K_d of ~ 50 nM . Swinholide A is a microfilament disrupting marine toxin that stabilizes actin dimers and severs actin filaments. Swinholide A disrupts the actin cytoskeleton of cells.Antifungal activity .

HY-P3828

Biotin-myelin basic protein (94-102)	Fluorescent Dye	Neurological Disease
Biotin-myelin basic protein (94-102) is a peptide fragemt. Myelin basic protein is responsible for adhesion of the cytosolic surfaces of multilayered compact myelin, it plays an important role in the process of myelination of nerves in the nervous system. Myelin basic protein also acts as a membrane actin-binding protein, which might allow it to participate in transmission of extracellular signals to the cytoskeleton in oligodendrocytes and tight junctions in myelin .

HY-12807

FIPI 4 Publications Verification 5-Fluoro-2-indolyl deschlorohalopemide	Phospholipase Autophagy	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
FIPI (5-Fluoro-2-indolyl des-chlorohalopemide), a derivative of Halopemide (HY-119093), is a phospholipase D (PLD) inhibitor with IC₅₀s of approximately 25 nM and 20 nM for PLD1 and PLD2, respectively. FIPI inhibits PLD regulation of F-actin cytoskeleton reorganization, cell spreading, and chemotaxis. FIPI has the potential for autoimmunity and cancer metastasis research .

HY-12807A

FIPI hydrochloride 5-Fluoro-2-indolyl deschlorohalopemide hydrochloride	Phospholipase Autophagy	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
FIPI (5-Fluoro-2-indolyl des-chlorohalopemide) hydrochloride, a derivative of Halopemide (HY-119093), is a phospholipase D (PLD) inhibitor with IC₅₀s of approximately 25 nM and 20 nM for PLD1 and PLD2, respectively. FIPI hydrochloride inhibits PLD regulation of F-actin cytoskeleton reorganization, cell spreading, and chemotaxis. FIPI hydrochloride has the potential for autoimmunity and cancer metastasis research .

HY-N6588

3,4,5-Tricaffeoylquinic acid 3,4,5-triCQA	Akt NF-κB	Inflammation/Immunology
3,4,5-Tricaffeoylquinic acid (3,4,5-triCQA) inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated production of inflammatory mediators in keratinocytes via suppression of Akt- and NF-κB-pathways. 3,4,5-Tricaffeoylquinic acid induces cell cycle arrest at G0/G1, actin cytoskeleton organization, chromatin remodeling, neuronal differentiation, and bone morphogenetic protein signaling in human neural stem cells. 3,4,5-Tricaffeoylquinic acid has the potential for the research of aging-associated diseases .

HY-P0028

Phalloidin

5+ Cited Publications

Fluorescent Dye Others

Phalloidin is a mushroom-derived toxin which can be used to label F-actin of the cytoskeleton with fluorochrome .
HY-16931

SMIFH2

1 Publications Verification

SMIFH2 is a formin specific inhibitor. SMIFH2 inhibits actin polymerization by Formins and affects the actin cytoskeleton .

Phalloidin 5+ Cited Publications	Fluorescent Dye	Others
Phalloidin is a mushroom-derived toxin which can be used to label F-actin of the cytoskeleton with fluorochrome .

SMIFH2 1 Publications Verification
SMIFH2 is a formin specific inhibitor. SMIFH2 inhibits actin polymerization by Formins and affects the actin cytoskeleton .

HY-18256

Ombrabulin hydrochloride AVE8062 hydrochloride; AC7700 hydrochloride	Microtubule/Tubulin	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
Ombrabulin hydrochloride is a derivative of CA-4 phosphate, which is known to exhibit antivascular effects through selective disruption of the tubulin cytoskeleton of endothelial cells.

HY-14797

Ombrabulin AVE8062; AC7700	Microtubule/Tubulin	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
Ombrabulin (AVE8062) is a derivative of CA-4 phosphate, which is known to exhibit antivascular effects through selective disruption of the tubulin cytoskeleton of endothelial cells.

HY-148595

Antitumor agent-88	Cytochrome P450	Cancer
Antitumor agent-88 exhibits potent antimitotic activity and arrests cell in the G2/M phase. Antitumor agent-88 disrupts the microtubule and the cytoskeleton in CYP1A1-expressing breast cancer cells. Antitumor agent-88 is also a competitive inhibitor of CYP1A1 (K_i: 1.4 μM) .

HY-100035

PT-262
PT-262 is a potent ROCK inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of around 5 μM. PT-262 induces the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and elevates the caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. PT-262 inhibits the ERK and CDC2 phosphorylation via a p53-independent pathway. PT-262 blocks cytoskeleton function and cell migration. PT-262 has anti-cancer activity .

HY-P5455

S3 Fragment	LIM Kinase (LIMK)	Others
S3 Fragment is a biological active peptide. (This peptide contains the unique amino-terminal phosphorylation site of Xenopus ADF/cofilin, the LIM kinase (LIMK) phosphorylation site. LIMK1 is a key regulator of the actin cytoskeleton through its phosphorylation of ADF/cofilin at serine-3 for inactivation. This peptide is a fragment of the S3 peptide containing the serine-3 sequence of ADF/cofilin that has been widely used as an effective competitive inhibitor of LIMK1.)

HY-117149

MLS000532223	Ras	Cancer
MLS000532223 is a high affinity, selective inhibitor of Rho family GTPases, with EC₅₀ values ranging from 16 μM to 120 μM. MLS000532223 prevents GTP binding to several GTPases .

HY-126741

Azadirachtin 1 Publications Verification	Apoptosis	Others
Azadirachtin, one of the most promising botanical insecticides, is widely used for pest control. Azadirachtin induces apoptosis in insect cell lines, including Sf9, SL-1 and BTI-Tn-5B1-4 .

HY-D0938

CFDA-SE Maximum Cited Publications 53 Publications Verification 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester; 5(6)-CFDA N-succinmidyl ester	Fluorescent Dye	Others
CFDA-SE is a fluorescent dye that can penetrate the cell membrane. It can react with the free amine group in the cytoskeleton protein inside the cell, and finally form a protein complex with fluorescence. After entering the cell, CFDA-SE locates in the cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, and the fluorescence staining is strongest in the nucleus . CFDA-SE dye can be uniformly inherited by the cells with cell division and proliferation, and its attenuation is proportional to the number of cell divisions. This phenomenon can be detected and analyzed by flow cytometry under the excitation light of 488 nm, and can be used to detect the proliferation of cells .

HY-N6727

Gliotoxin Aspergillin	Apoptosis PKA NF-κB Bacterial Fungal Antibiotic	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Gliotoxin is a secondary metabolite, the most abundant mycotoxin secreted by A. fumigatus, inhibits the phagocytosis of macrophages and the immune functions of other immune cells . Gliotoxin inhibits inducible NF-κB activity by preventing IκB degradation, which consequently induces host-cell apoptosis . Gliotoxin activates PKA and increases intracellular cAMP concentration; modulates actin cytoskeleton rearrangement to facilitate A. fumigatus internalization into lung epithelial cells . Gliotoxin is a potent NOTCH2 transactivation inhibitor, can effectively induce apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells .

HY-13563

Batabulin T138067	Microtubule/Tubulin Apoptosis	Cancer
Batabulin (T138067) is an antitumor agent, which binds covalently and selectively to a subset of the β-tubulin isotypes, thereby disrupting microtubule polymerization. Batabulin affects cell morphology and leads to cell-cycle arrest ultimately induces apoptotic cell death .

HY-13563A

Batabulin sodium T138067 sodium	Microtubule/Tubulin Apoptosis	Cancer
Batabulin sodium (T138067 sodium) is an antitumor agent, which binds covalently and selectively to a subset of the β-tubulin isotypes, thereby disrupting microtubule polymerization. Batabulin sodium affects cell morphology and leads to cell-cycle arrest ultimately induces apoptotic cell death .

HY-13627

Estramustine phosphate sodium	Microtubule/Tubulin Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
Estramustine phosphate sodium, an estradiol analog, is an orally active antimicrotubule chemotherapy agent. Estramustine phosphate sodium depolymerises microtubules by binding to microtubule associated proteins (MAPs) and/or to tubulin. Estramustine phosphate sodium can interfere mitosis, trigger cell death and induce apoptosis, which can be used for the research of cancer like prostate cancer .

HY-12843

Bohemine 1 Publications Verification	CDK ERK	Cancer
Bohemine is a purine analogue and is a synthetic and selective CDK inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 4.6 μM, 83 μM, and 2.7 μM for Cdk2/cyclin E, Cdk2/cyclin A, and Cdk9/cyclin T1, respectively. Bohemine also inhibits ERK2 with an IC₅₀ of 52 μM and has less inhibitory effect on CDK1, CDK4 and CDK6. Bohemine has a broad spectrum anti-cancer activities .

HY-117718

AG957 Tyrphostin AG957; NSC 654705	Bcr-Abl	Cancer
AG957 (Tyrphostin AG957;NSC 654705) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase activity . AG957 is a bcr/abl kinase inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 2.9 μM for p210 ^bcr/abl autokinase activity .

HY-13627A

Estramustine phosphate	Apoptosis Microtubule/Tubulin	Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cancer
Estramustine phosphate, an estradiol analog, is an orally active antimicrotubule chemotherapy agent. Estramustine phosphate depolymerises microtubules by binding to microtubule associated proteins (MAPs) and/or to tubulin. Estramustine phosphate can interfere mitosis, trigger cell death and induce apoptosis, which can be used for the research of cancer like prostate cancer .

HY-123572

Bis-T-23 AG1717	Dynamin HIV Integrase	Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Bis-T-23 (AG1717), tyrphostin derivative, is an HIV-I integrase inhibitor. Bis-T-23 can promote actin-dependent dynamin oligomerization. Bis-T-23 can be used for the research of HIV and chronic kidney diseases (CKD) .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L060

Cytoskeleton Compound Library	1242 compounds
The cytoskeleton is responsible for contraction, cell motility, movement of organelles and vesicles through the cytoplasm, cytokinesis, intracellular signal transduction, and many other functions that are essential for cellular homeostasis and survival. It accomplishes these tasks through three basic structures: F-actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs). The cytoskeleton is a dynamic structure where the three major filaments and tubules are under the influence of proteins that regulate their length, state of polymerization, and level of cross-linking. Since cytoskeleton is involved in virtually all cellular processes, cytoskeletal protein aberrations are the underlying reason for many pathological phenotypes, including several cardiovascular disease syndromes, neurodegeneration, cancer, liver cirrhosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and blistering skin diseases. MCE designs a unique collection of 1242 cytoskeleton-related compounds mainly focusing on the key targets in the cytoskeleton signal pathway and can be used in the research of cytoskeleton signal pathway and related diseases.

Cytoskeleton Compound Library

1242 compounds

The cytoskeleton is responsible for contraction, cell motility, movement of organelles and vesicles through the cytoplasm, cytokinesis, intracellular signal transduction, and many other functions that are essential for cellular homeostasis and survival. It accomplishes these tasks through three basic structures: F-actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs). The cytoskeleton is a dynamic structure where the three major filaments and tubules are under the influence of proteins that regulate their length, state of polymerization, and level of cross-linking. Since cytoskeleton is involved in virtually all cellular processes, cytoskeletal protein aberrations are the underlying reason for many pathological phenotypes, including several cardiovascular disease syndromes, neurodegeneration, cancer, liver cirrhosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and blistering skin diseases.

MCE designs a unique collection of 1242 cytoskeleton-related compounds mainly focusing on the key targets in the cytoskeleton signal pathway and can be used in the research of cytoskeleton signal pathway and related diseases.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-D0938

CFDA-SE 50+ Cited Publications 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester; 5(6)-CFDA N-succinmidyl ester	Fluorescent Dyes/Probes
CFDA-SE is a fluorescent dye that can penetrate the cell membrane. It can react with the free amine group in the cytoskeleton protein inside the cell, and finally form a protein complex with fluorescence. After entering the cell, CFDA-SE locates in the cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, and the fluorescence staining is strongest in the nucleus . CFDA-SE dye can be uniformly inherited by the cells with cell division and proliferation, and its attenuation is proportional to the number of cell divisions. This phenomenon can be detected and analyzed by flow cytometry under the excitation light of 488 nm, and can be used to detect the proliferation of cells .

CFDA-SE

50+ Cited Publications

5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester; 5(6)-CFDA N-succinmidyl ester

Fluorescent Dyes/Probes

CFDA-SE is a fluorescent dye that can penetrate the cell membrane. It can react with the free amine group in the cytoskeleton protein inside the cell, and finally form a protein complex with fluorescence. After entering the cell, CFDA-SE locates in the cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, and the fluorescence staining is strongest in the nucleus . CFDA-SE dye can be uniformly inherited by the cells with cell division and proliferation, and its attenuation is proportional to the number of cell divisions. This phenomenon can be detected and analyzed by flow cytometry under the excitation light of 488 nm, and can be used to detect the proliferation of cells .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P0028

Phalloidin

5+ Cited Publications

Fluorescent Dye Others

Phalloidin is a mushroom-derived toxin which can be used to label F-actin of the cytoskeleton with fluorochrome .

Phalloidin 5+ Cited Publications	Fluorescent Dye	Others
Phalloidin is a mushroom-derived toxin which can be used to label F-actin of the cytoskeleton with fluorochrome .

HY-P3828

Biotin-myelin basic protein (94-102)	Fluorescent Dye	Neurological Disease
Biotin-myelin basic protein (94-102) is a peptide fragemt. Myelin basic protein is responsible for adhesion of the cytosolic surfaces of multilayered compact myelin, it plays an important role in the process of myelination of nerves in the nervous system. Myelin basic protein also acts as a membrane actin-binding protein, which might allow it to participate in transmission of extracellular signals to the cytoskeleton in oligodendrocytes and tight junctions in myelin .

HY-P5455

S3 Fragment	LIM Kinase (LIMK)	Others
S3 Fragment is a biological active peptide. (This peptide contains the unique amino-terminal phosphorylation site of Xenopus ADF/cofilin, the LIM kinase (LIMK) phosphorylation site. LIMK1 is a key regulator of the actin cytoskeleton through its phosphorylation of ADF/cofilin at serine-3 for inactivation. This peptide is a fragment of the S3 peptide containing the serine-3 sequence of ADF/cofilin that has been widely used as an effective competitive inhibitor of LIMK1.)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-N6588

3,4,5-Tricaffeoylquinic acid 3,4,5-triCQA	Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Convolvulaceae Ipomoea batatas (Linn.) Lamarck	Akt NF-κB
3,4,5-Tricaffeoylquinic acid (3,4,5-triCQA) inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated production of inflammatory mediators in keratinocytes via suppression of Akt- and NF-κB-pathways. 3,4,5-Tricaffeoylquinic acid induces cell cycle arrest at G0/G1, actin cytoskeleton organization, chromatin remodeling, neuronal differentiation, and bone morphogenetic protein signaling in human neural stem cells. 3,4,5-Tricaffeoylquinic acid has the potential for the research of aging-associated diseases .

HY-126741

Azadirachtin 1 Publications Verification	Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Other Diseases Plants Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Disease Research Fields Meliaceae Biological Pesticide Research Agricultural Research	Apoptosis
Azadirachtin, one of the most promising botanical insecticides, is widely used for pest control. Azadirachtin induces apoptosis in insect cell lines, including Sf9, SL-1 and BTI-Tn-5B1-4 .

HY-N6727

Gliotoxin Aspergillin	Structural Classification Anti-inflammation/Immunoregulatory Classification of Application Fields Source classification Antibacterial Disease Research Other Antibiotics Biological Pesticide Research Agricultural Research Infection Microorganisms Antibiotics Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Apoptosis PKA NF-κB Bacterial Fungal Antibiotic
Gliotoxin is a secondary metabolite, the most abundant mycotoxin secreted by A. fumigatus, inhibits the phagocytosis of macrophages and the immune functions of other immune cells . Gliotoxin inhibits inducible NF-κB activity by preventing IκB degradation, which consequently induces host-cell apoptosis . Gliotoxin activates PKA and increases intracellular cAMP concentration; modulates actin cytoskeleton rearrangement to facilitate A. fumigatus internalization into lung epithelial cells . Gliotoxin is a potent NOTCH2 transactivation inhibitor, can effectively induce apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells .

HY-111009

Swinholide A	Infection Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Animals Source classification Marine natural products Sponge Disease Research Fields	Fungal
Swinholide A is the actin-binding marine polyketide and dimerizes actin with the K_d of ~ 50 nM . Swinholide A is a microfilament disrupting marine toxin that stabilizes actin dimers and severs actin filaments. Swinholide A disrupts the actin cytoskeleton of cells.Antifungal activity .

Cat. No.	Compare	Product Name	Species	Source

HY-P77331

	CKAP1/TBCB Protein, Human (His) Tubulin-folding cofactor B; cytoskeleton-associated protein 1; TBCB; CG22; CKAP1	Human	E. coli
	CKAP1/TBCB protein plays a pivotal role in the tubulin folding pathway, binding to alpha-tubulin folding intermediates after their chaperonin interaction, crucial for tubulin heterodimer transition. It regulates heterodimer dissociation, potentially acting as a negative regulator of axonal growth. The supercomplex, formed with cofactors A to E, captures and stabilizes tubulin, releasing committed polypeptides to the native state. CKAP1/TBCB's interactions with GAN and DCTN1 extend its functional roles in cellular processes. CKAP1/TBCB Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived CKAP1/TBCB protein, expressed by E. coli, with N-His labeled tag. The total length of CKAP1/TBCB Protein, Human (His) is 244 a.a., with molecular weight of 33-37 kDa.


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