2. Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Chloride Channel Mitochondrial Metabolism
  4. Adjudin

Adjudin is an extensively studied male contraceptive with a superior mitochondria-inhibitory effect. Adjudin is also a potent Cl- channel blocker.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Adjudin Chemical Structure

Adjudin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 252025-52-8

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Customer Review

Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Adjudin Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Adjudin is an extensively studied male contraceptive with a superior mitochondria-inhibitory effect. Adjudin is also a potent Cl- channel blocker.

IC50 & Target

Cl- channel[1]
Mitochondria[2]
In Vitro

Adjudin is a potent blocker of Cl- channels: disrupting Cl- ion transport function results in a decline in sperm capacitation and fertilizing ability in humans in vitro[1]. Adjudin (ADD) is a mitochondria inhibitor[2]. Adjudin is a molecule that mediates adherens junction disruption at the Sertoli-germ cell interface. To investigate the effect of Adjudin on cancer cells, more than ten different types of human or mice cancer cell lines are treated with increasing concentrations of Adjudin and the cell proliferation is measured by the modified MTT assay. Adjudin inhibits cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner in SGC-7901 (human gastric adenocarcinoma cell), MDA-MB-231 (human breast adenocarcinoma cell), Smmc-7721 (human hepatoma cell) and MIA Paca-2 (human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell) cells. The IC50 of Adjudin is determined to be 58.0 µM, 13.8 µM, 72.3 µM and 52.7 µM against SGC-7901, MDA-MB-231, Smmc-7721 and MIA Paca-2 cells, respectively, after treatment for 24 h. Similar results are obtained in other human and mice cancer cell lines. The IC50 of Adjudin in A549 cells and PC3 cells is 63.1 µM and 93.0 µM, respectively. For WI-38 and BPH-1 cells, the IC50 of Adjudin can be observed at more than 300 µM and 200 µM, respectively, which is about 5 times and 2 times more than that for the cancer cell lines A549 and PC3[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Adjudin Related Antibodies
In Vivo

To determine whether Adjudin can inhibit lung and prostate cancer growth in vivo, the effect of Adjudin is tested in a subcutaneous model of lung and prostate cancer. Human lung carcinoma cells A549 and prostate carcinoma cells PC3 are injected into athymic nude mice subdermally at the lower back site respectively. Mice are then randomized into two treatment groups with similar mean tumor sizes: Adjudin and vehicle (control). Approximately 2 weeks after tumor inoculation Adjudin is injected intraperitoneally once every three days in lung carcinoma cells and every other day in prostate carcinoma cells at 100 mg/kg. Adjudin treatment can be well tolerated in rodent. And Adjudin-treated mice show significant tumor growth inhibition compared with the control group (P<0.0001 in the human lung carcinoma cells A549 and P=0.006 in the prostate carcinoma cells PC3)[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

335.19

Formula

C15H12Cl2N4O
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(C1=NN(CC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2Cl)C3=C1C=CC=C3)NN
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 16.67 mg/mL (49.73 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.9834 mL 14.9169 mL 29.8338 mL
5 mM 0.5967 mL 2.9834 mL 5.9668 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (4.98 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (16.7 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (4.98 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (16.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
References
Cell Assay
[3]

A549 cells, WI-38 cells, BPH-1 cells, PC-12 cells and other cell lines are seeded in 96-well plates at the density of 0.5×104/well in the complete growth medium and incubated for 24 h. Then the growth medium is replaced with a serial dilution of Adjudin (300 µM, 100 µM, 30 µM, 10 µM, 3 µM and 0) in growth medium (without serum). The cells are incubated for another 24 h followed by the addition of 10 µl of Cell Counting Kit-8 solution to each well. After 4 h of incubation at 37 °C in the cell incubator, the absorbance at 450 nm is measured using a microplate reader[3].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[3]

Mice[3]
The male BALB/C nude mice weighing ~20g are equally implanted with A549 cells (0.5×107 cells) containing 3 mg/mL of matrigel and PC3 cells (1×106 cells) hypodermically. After 2 weeks, the mice with palpable tumors are divided into two groups (n=4 per group in each experiment and repeated with a total of three experiments): i.p. injection of Adjudin which is dissolved in corn oil from a DMSO stock solution with final administered quantity at 100 mg/kg (~300 µM used in vitro); the equivalent vehicle control group are administered with the same amount of corn oil and DMSO via i.p. injection. Adjudin or vehicles are administered every three day in A549 and every other day in PC3 up to 2 weeks. Tumor volumes are determined and calculated.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.9834 mL 14.9169 mL 29.8338 mL 74.5846 mL
5 mM 0.5967 mL 2.9834 mL 5.9668 mL 14.9169 mL
10 mM 0.2983 mL 1.4917 mL 2.9834 mL 7.4585 mL
15 mM 0.1989 mL 0.9945 mL 1.9889 mL 4.9723 mL
20 mM 0.1492 mL 0.7458 mL 1.4917 mL 3.7292 mL
25 mM 0.1193 mL 0.5967 mL 1.1934 mL 2.9834 mL
30 mM 0.0994 mL 0.4972 mL 0.9945 mL 2.4862 mL
40 mM 0.0746 mL 0.3729 mL 0.7458 mL 1.8646 mL
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Adjudin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Adjudin252025-52-8AF-2364AF2364AF 2364Chloride ChannelMitochondrial MetabolismCl− ChannelsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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