1. Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel Neuronal Signaling
  2. nAChR
  3. Atracurium besylate

Atracurium besylate  (Synonyms: BW-33A)

Cat. No.: HY-B0292A Purity: 99.14%
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Atracurium (BW-33A) besylate is a potent, competitive and non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. Atracurium besylate also is an AChR receptor antagonist. Atracurium besylate induces bronchoconstriction and neuromuscular blockade. Atracurium besylate promotes astroglial differentiation.

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Atracurium besylate Chemical Structure

Atracurium besylate Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 64228-81-5

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Solid + Solvent
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
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Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 87 In-stock
Solid
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100 mg USD 132 In-stock
500 mg USD 317 In-stock
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Description

Atracurium (BW-33A) besylate is a potent, competitive and non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. Atracurium besylate also is an AChR receptor antagonist. Atracurium besylate induces bronchoconstriction and neuromuscular blockade. Atracurium besylate promotes astroglial differentiation[1][2][3][4][5].

In Vitro

Atracurium besylate (10 µM; 72 h) promotes astroglial but not neuronal differentiation in HSR040622 and HSR040821 cells[4].
Atracurium besylate (10 µM; 48 h) reduces tumor engraftment and increases survival of mice xenotransplanted with ex-vivo treated GSCs[4].
Atracurium besylate (2.4 µM; 120 min) induces a complete fade of the tetanic contraction while only slightly affected the twitch in rat extensor digitorum longus muscle cells[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Proliferation Assay[4]

Cell Line: glioblastoma stem (GSC) cells
Concentration: 3, 10, 20 µM
Incubation Time: 72 h
Result: Increased the percentage of GFP-positive cells in a dose-dependent manner from 5.3% in DMSO to 15.4%, 81.1%, and 86.8% in 3 μM, 10 μM, and 20 μM, respectively.
In Vivo

Atracurium besylate (1, 5, 10, 20, 50 mg/kg; i.v.) induces bronchoconstriction in DBA/2 and SJL mice[2].
Atracurium besylate (4.8 mg/kg; i.v.) induces neuromuscular blockade in rats[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: 5-12 weeks, 15-20 g male mice[2]
Dosage: 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 mg/kg
Administration: I.v.
Result: Induced bronchoconstriction and Atracurium-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in DBA/2 mice was eliminated in a dose-dependent manner by pretreatment with atropine or pancuronium.
Animal Model: 290 ± 30 g Male Sprague±Dawley rats (60 mg/kg heat-killed Corynebacteriumparvum for i.v.)[3]
Dosage: 4.8 mg/kg
Administration: I.v.
Result: Induced neuromuscular blockade in Corynebacteriumparvum-injected rats.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

1243.48

Formula

C65H82N2O18S2

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=S(C1=CC=CC=C1)([O-])=O.O=C(OCCCCCOC(CC[N+]2(C)C(CC3=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C3)C4=C(C=C(OC)C(OC)=C4)CC2)=O)CC[N+]5(C)C(CC6=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C6)C7=C(C=C(OC)C(OC)=C7)CC5.O=S(C8=CC=CC=C8)([O-])=O

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (100.52 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : 50 mg/mL (40.21 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 0.8042 mL 4.0210 mL 8.0419 mL
5 mM 0.1608 mL 0.8042 mL 1.6084 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.01 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.01 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 100 mg/mL (80.42 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 0.8042 mL 4.0210 mL 8.0419 mL 20.1049 mL
5 mM 0.1608 mL 0.8042 mL 1.6084 mL 4.0210 mL
10 mM 0.0804 mL 0.4021 mL 0.8042 mL 2.0105 mL
15 mM 0.0536 mL 0.2681 mL 0.5361 mL 1.3403 mL
20 mM 0.0402 mL 0.2010 mL 0.4021 mL 1.0052 mL
25 mM 0.0322 mL 0.1608 mL 0.3217 mL 0.8042 mL
30 mM 0.0268 mL 0.1340 mL 0.2681 mL 0.6702 mL
40 mM 0.0201 mL 0.1005 mL 0.2010 mL 0.5026 mL
DMSO 50 mM 0.0161 mL 0.0804 mL 0.1608 mL 0.4021 mL
60 mM 0.0134 mL 0.0670 mL 0.1340 mL 0.3351 mL
80 mM 0.0101 mL 0.0503 mL 0.1005 mL 0.2513 mL
100 mM 0.0080 mL 0.0402 mL 0.0804 mL 0.2010 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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