Dihydroartemisinin (Synonyms: Dihydroqinghaosu; β-Dihydroartemisinin; Artenimol)

Name: Dihydroartemisinin
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-N0176
Rating: 5.0 (23 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-N0176 Purity: ≥98.0%: FAQs
Data Sheet SDS COA Handling Instructions

Molarity Calculator

Dihydroartemisinin is a potent anti-malaria agent.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Dihydroartemisinin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 71939-50-9

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Solid + Solvent
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	USD 73	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	USD 73	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solid
50 mg	USD 66	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
100 mg	USD 92	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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Based on 23 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Dihydroartemisinin:

α-Dihydroartemisinin Get quote
Dihydroartemisinin-d₃ Get quote

19 Publications Citing Use of MCE Dihydroartemisinin

Proliferation Assay

Cell Viability Assay

: Dihydroartemisinin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2023 Apr 14. [Abstract]; Dihydroartemisinin (DHA; 12.5, 25, 50 μM; 24 h) significantly reduces the viability of A549-GR cells in a dose-dependent manner.

: Dihydroartemisinin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2023 Apr 14. [Abstract]; Dihydroartemisinin (DHA; 12.5, 25, 50 μM; 24 h) increases the expression of cleaved-Caspase 3, but decreases the expression of PARP and Bcl-2 in A549-GR cells.

: Dihydroartemisinin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2023 Feb 16.; Dihydroartemisinin (DHA; 50, 100 µM) remarkably inhibits single-cell colony formation of HSC3 cells and SAS cells in a dosage-dependent manner (Fig e and f).

: Dihydroartemisinin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018 Jun 27;501(3):636-642. [Abstract]; Immunoblot analysis of the expression levels of BCL-2 and BAX after treatment of HCT116 TP53^-/- cells with 20 μM 5-FU and 1.25 μM DHA alone or in combination for 48 h. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) served as a loading control.

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NF-κB NF-κB1/p50 RelA/p65 RelB c-Rel

Biological Activity
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Customer Review

Description

Dihydroartemisinin is a potent anti-malaria agent.

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]

RelA

Plasmodium

Autophagy

In Vitro

,Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is an antimalarial agent. Dihydroartemisinin treatment effectively up-regulates the cytosolic RelA/p65 protein level and down-regulates the nuclear RelA/p65 protein level. Dihydroartemisinin blocks the nuclear translocation of RelA/p65 from the cytosol rather than suppressing RelA/p65 protein synthesis. Dihydroartemisinin induces autophagy in RPMI 8226 cells. Dihydroartemisinin suppresses NF-κB activation in RPMI 8226 cells. The NF-κB Dihydroartemisinin -binding activity is examined by EMSA assay. RPMI 8226 cells are exposed to various concentrations of Dihydroartemisinin (10, 20 and 40 μM) for 12 h, and TNF-α is introduced as a positive control for NF-κB activation. Dihydroartemisinin suppresses NF-κB activation in a dose-dependent manner in contrast with TNF-α^[1]. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) can enhance the anti-tumor effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on esophageal cancer cells, and cell viability is investigated using the MTT assay. Eca109 and Ec9706 cells are treated with Dihydroartemisinin (80 μM), PDT (25 and 20 J/cm², respectively), or their combination. A single treatment with Dihydroartemisinin or PDT causes a 37±5% or 34±6% reduction in viability in Eca109 cells and a 33±7% or 34±6% reduction in Ec9706 cells, respectively. However, when PDT is combined with Dihydroartemisinin, the cell viability is reduced by 59±6% or 61±7% in the cell lines, respectively^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

,Single oral doses of Dihydroartemisinin (at 200, 300, 400 or 600 mg/kg), given once on each of day 6-8 post-infection, reduce total-worm burdens by 69.2%-90.6% and female-worm burdens by 62.2%-92.2%, depending on dosage in the first experiment. Similar treatments given on day 34-36 post-infection reduce total-worm burdens by 73.9%-85.5% and female-worm burdens by 83.8%-95.3%^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

Molecular Weight

284.35

Formula

C₁₅H₂₄O₅

CAS No.

71939-50-9

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O[C@@H]1[C@H](C)[C@]2([H])CC[C@@H](C)[C@]3([H])CC[C@@](O4)(C)OO[C@]32[C@]4([H])O1

Structure Classification

Initial Source

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (87.92 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Ethanol : 10 mg/mL (35.17 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	3.5168 mL	17.5840 mL	35.1679 mL
5 mM	0.7034 mL	3.5168 mL	7.0336 mL
10 mM	0.3517 mL	1.7584 mL	3.5168 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: 2.08 mg/mL (7.31 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic and warming

This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.08 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: 2.08 mg/mL (7.31 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming

This protocol yields a clear solution of 2.08 mg/mL.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: 2.08 mg/mL (7.31 mM); Clear solution; Need warming

This protocol yields a clear solution of 2.08 mg/mL. If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.
Protocol 4

Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 1 mg/mL (3.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (10.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 5

Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 1 mg/mL (3.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (10.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 6

Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 1 mg/mL (3.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (10.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.03%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (288 KB) SDS (0 KB)

COA (260 KB) HNMR (177 KB) RP-HPLC (163 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Hu W, et al. Dihydroartemisinin induces autophagy by suppressing NF-κB activation. Cancer Lett. 2014 Feb 28;343(2):239-48. [Content Brief]

[2]. Li HJ, et al. Dihydroartemisinin-praziquantel combinations and multiple doses of dihydroartemisinin in the treatment of Schistosoma japonicum in experimentally infected mice. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2011 Jun;105(4):329-33. [Content Brief]

[3]. Li YJ, et al. Dihydroartemisinin accentuates the anti-tumor effects of photodynamic therapy via inactivation of NF-κB in Eca109 and Ec9706 esophageal cancer cells. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2014;33(5):1527-36. [Content Brief]

Kinase Assay ^[1]	To determine NF-κB Dihydroartemisinin-binding activity, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) is performed. Nuclear extracts are prepared and incubated with ³²P-end-labeled 45-mer double-stranded oligonucleotide (15 μg protein with 16 fmol DNA) from the HIV long terminal repeat, 5′-TTGTTACAAGGGACTTTCCGCTG GGGACTTTCCAGGGAGGCGTGG-3′ (boldface indicates NF-κB binding sites), for 30 min at 37 °C. The Dihydroartemisinin-protein complex formed is separated from free oligonucleotide on 6.6% native polyacrylamide gels. A double-stranded mutated oligonucleotide, 5′-TTGTTACAA CTCACTTTCCGCTGCTCACTTTCCAGGGAGGCGTGG-3′, is used to examine binding specificity of NF-κB to the DNA. The binding specificity is also examined by competition with the unlabeled oligonucleotide. Preimmune serum (PIS) is included as a negative control. The dried gels are visualized with a Storm 820, and radioactive bands are quantified using Imagequant software^[1]. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Assay ^[2]	Eca109 (4×10³ cells/well) and Ec9706 (5×10³ cells/well) cells are grown in 96-well plates and cultured overnight to allow for cell attachment. Eca109 and Ec9706 cells are treated with Dihydroartemisinin (80 μM), PDT (25 and 20 J/cm², respectively) or their combination. After incubation for 24h, MTT (20 μL) is added to each well and incubated for 4 h at 37°C. Formazan crystals are dissolved in 150 μL of DMSO for 10 min with shaking. The absorbance is measured at 490 nm on a plate reader, and the experiment is repeated three times^[2]. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration ^[3]	Mice^[3] Mice of the Kunming strain, each weighing 20-24 g, are used. In the first experiment, design to investigate the effect of multiple doses of Dihydroartemisinin on the schistosomula and adult worms of S. japonicum, mice are given three daily doses, of 200, 300, 400 or 600 mg Dihydroartemisinin/kg (in dose volumes of 25 mL/kg), on days 6-8 or 34-36 post-infection, respectively. An additional group of mice, infected but not given the drug, serve as a control. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References	[1]. Hu W, et al. Dihydroartemisinin induces autophagy by suppressing NF-κB activation. Cancer Lett. 2014 Feb 28;343(2):239-48. [Content Brief] [2]. Li HJ, et al. Dihydroartemisinin-praziquantel combinations and multiple doses of dihydroartemisinin in the treatment of Schistosoma japonicum in experimentally infected mice. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2011 Jun;105(4):329-33. [Content Brief] [3]. Li YJ, et al. Dihydroartemisinin accentuates the anti-tumor effects of photodynamic therapy via inactivation of NF-κB in Eca109 and Ec9706 esophageal cancer cells. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2014;33(5):1527-36. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

Ethanol / DMSO	1 mM	3.5168 mL	17.5840 mL	35.1679 mL	87.9198 mL
	5 mM	0.7034 mL	3.5168 mL	7.0336 mL	17.5840 mL
	10 mM	0.3517 mL	1.7584 mL	3.5168 mL	8.7920 mL
	15 mM	0.2345 mL	1.1723 mL	2.3445 mL	5.8613 mL
	20 mM	0.1758 mL	0.8792 mL	1.7584 mL	4.3960 mL
	25 mM	0.1407 mL	0.7034 mL	1.4067 mL	3.5168 mL
	30 mM	0.1172 mL	0.5861 mL	1.1723 mL	2.9307 mL
DMSO	40 mM	0.0879 mL	0.4396 mL	0.8792 mL	2.1980 mL
	50 mM	0.0703 mL	0.3517 mL	0.7034 mL	1.7584 mL
	60 mM	0.0586 mL	0.2931 mL	0.5861 mL	1.4653 mL
	80 mM	0.0440 mL	0.2198 mL	0.4396 mL	1.0990 mL

Dihydroartemisinin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Dihydroartemisinin71939-50-9Dihydroqinghaosu β-Dihydroartemisinin ArtenimolParasiteNF-κBAutophagyApoptosisNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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Dihydroartemisinin (Synonyms: Dihydroqinghaosu; β-Dihydroartemisinin; Artenimol)

Customer Review

Other Forms of Dihydroartemisinin:

Dihydroartemisinin Related Antibodies

19 Publications Citing Use of MCE Dihydroartemisinin

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Biological Activity

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Customer Review

Dihydroartemisinin Related Antibodies

Molarity Calculator

Dilution Calculator

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Dihydroartemisinin Related Classifications

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