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  3. Dronedarone Hydrochloride

Dronedarone Hydrochloride is a non-iodinated amiodarone derivative that inhibits Na+, K+ and Ca2+ currents.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Dronedarone Hydrochloride Chemical Structure

Dronedarone Hydrochloride Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 141625-93-6

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Other Forms of Dronedarone Hydrochloride:

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Dronedarone Hydrochloride is a non-iodinated amiodarone derivative that inhibits Na+, K+ and Ca2+ currents.

In Vitro

Dronedarone (SR-33589) is a multichannel blocker for atrial fibrillation . It is a potent inhibitor of the acetylcholine-activated K+ current from atrial and sinoatrial nodal tissue, and inhibits the rapid delayed rectifier more potently than slow and inward rectifier K+ currents and inhibits L-type calcium current. Under whole-cell patch clamp, it blocks IKr (IC50=3 μM) and ICa-L (IC50=0.18 μM). The effects on ICa-L are use- and frequency-dependent. Dronedarone inhibits current carried by human ether-a-go-go gene (HERG)-expressing oocytes (analagous to IKr) with an IC50 of 9 μM[1]. In guinea pig ventricular myocytes, dronedarone exhibits a state dependent inhibition of the fast Na+ channel current with an IC50 of 0.7±0.1 μM, when the holding potential is −80 mV[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Dronedarone (Hydrochloride) reduces significantly the incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) from 80 to 30% (p < 0.05) at 3 mg/kg i.v. and eliminated VF and mortality at 10 mg/kg i.v. [3]. Dronedarone inhibited carotid artery thrombus formation in vivo. Thrombin- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation is impaired indronedarone-treated mice (P\0.05), and expression ofplasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI1), an inhibitor of the fibrinolytic system, is reduced in the arterial wall[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

593.22

Formula

C31H45ClN2O5S

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

CS(=O)(NC1=CC=C(OC(CCCC)=C2C(C3=CC=C(OCCCN(CCCC)CCCC)C=C3)=O)C2=C1)=O.[H]Cl

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (42.14 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.6857 mL 8.4286 mL 16.8572 mL
5 mM 0.3371 mL 1.6857 mL 3.3714 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.21 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.21 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.93%

References
Animal Administration
[3][4]

Rats: Rats are anesthetized, artificially ventilated, and the thorax opened by a left thoracotomy. Ischemia is induced by left coronary artery ligation, and reperfusion is achieved (after a 5-min period of ischemia) in a separate group of rats by removing the ligature. Agents are given intravenously 5 min before occlusion or orally 4 h before study[3].

Mice: Twelve-week-old C57Bl/6 mice are divided into two groups: dronedarone (200 mg/kg body weight with a once daily oral gavage for 14 days) or control (1.4 % methylcellulose). Twenty-four hours after the last application, mice are anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 87 mg/kg sodium pentobarbital. Rose bengal is diluted to 12 mg/mL in phosphate-buffered saline and then injected into the tail vein at a concentration of 63 mg/kg[4].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 1.6857 mL 8.4286 mL 16.8572 mL 42.1429 mL
5 mM 0.3371 mL 1.6857 mL 3.3714 mL 8.4286 mL
10 mM 0.1686 mL 0.8429 mL 1.6857 mL 4.2143 mL
15 mM 0.1124 mL 0.5619 mL 1.1238 mL 2.8095 mL
20 mM 0.0843 mL 0.4214 mL 0.8429 mL 2.1071 mL
25 mM 0.0674 mL 0.3371 mL 0.6743 mL 1.6857 mL
30 mM 0.0562 mL 0.2810 mL 0.5619 mL 1.4048 mL
40 mM 0.0421 mL 0.2107 mL 0.4214 mL 1.0536 mL
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Dronedarone Hydrochloride Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Product Name:
Dronedarone Hydrochloride
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