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  4. Streptozotocin

Streptozotocin  (Synonyms: Streptozocin; NSC-85998; U 9889)

Cat. No.: HY-13753 Purity: 99.15%
COA Handling Instructions

Streptozotocin (Streptozocin) is an antibiotic widely used in experimental animal models of induced diabetes. Streptozotocin enters B cells via the glucose transporter (GLUT2) and causes the alkylation of DNA ( DNA-methylating ). Streptozotocin can induce the apoptosis of β cells.

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Streptozotocin Chemical Structure

Streptozotocin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 18883-66-4

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Customer Review

Based on 39 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

39 Publications Citing Use of MCE Streptozotocin

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Description

Streptozotocin (Streptozocin) is an antibiotic widely used in experimental animal models of induced diabetes. Streptozotocin enters B cells via the glucose transporter (GLUT2) and causes the alkylation of DNA ( DNA-methylating ). Streptozotocin can induce the apoptosis of β cells[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].

IC50 & Target

DNA alkylator[1]

In Vitro

The IC50 values of Streptozotocin for HL60, K562 and C1498 cells were 11.7, 904 and 1024 μg/ml, respectively[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Streptozotocin (180 mg/kg, intravenous injection, killed 4 days later) can induce diabetes mellitus and lymphocytopenia in mice[2].
Streptozotocin (STZ) is a classic diabetes modeling agent that induces disease by destroying pancreatic beta cells in animals. And rats and mice are generally used as animal models. Different injection doses of STZ induce different diabetes models (T1DM, T2DM)[3][4][5].

Dissolution method of Streptozotocin, just for reference[5]:
(1) Solvent preparation: 0.1 M citrate buffer
Liquid A: Weigh 2.1 g of citric acid (HY-N1428) (MW: 210.14), add double distilled water to 100 mL, and dissolve
Liquid B: Sodium citrate (HY-B2201) (MW: 294.10) 2.94 g. Add double distilled water to 100 mL and dissolve
Citrate buffer: Mix solution A and solution B in a ratio of 1.32:1. Determine pH and adjust to 4.2-4.5. Finally, use a 0.22 μm or 0.45 μm filter to remove impurities.
(2) Streptozotocin working solution preparation
Use the above buffer solution to prepare Streptozotocin injection (prepare in ice bath). The injection solution should be prepared for immediate use or stored at 4°C, and the injection should be completed within 30 minutes.
Streptozotocin is highly water-soluble, allowing for widespread distribution throughout the body after absorption. It can cross the blood-brain barrier, placenta, and enter various tissues.
Streptozotocin undergoes chemical modification in the liver. This metabolic process converts streptozotocin into its active form, methylating DNA and causing damage to beta cells in the pancreas, leading to the induction of diabetes.
The elimination half-life of streptozotocin varies depending on the species and route of administration[12].

1. Induction of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)[3][4][5]
Background
Induces disease by direct destroying the animal's islet β beta cells.
Specific Mmodeling Methods
Mice: C57BL/6 • female • 10 week-old
Administration: 200 mg/kg • i.p. • single high dose.
Rat: Sprague-Dawley or Wistar rats • male • 8-10 weeks-old
Administration: 65 mg/kg • i.p. • single high dose.
Note
(1) Housed under controlled conditions of 25 °C, 50% relative humidity and a 12 h light (6: 00-18: 00) and 12 h dark cycle, with water and food (containing 18.5% protein) available ad libitum.
(2) Before any invasive procedure, the mice were anesthetized with i.p. injections of Tiletamine/Zolazepam (80 mg/kg) or inhaled isoflurane.
(3) All animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks.
Modeling Indicators
Blood glucose levels in the range of >300 to 600 mg/dl at week 3 for mice.
Correlated Product(s):
Opposite Product(s):
2. Induction of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)[3][4][5]
Background
The disease is induced by partially destroying the animals' islet β cells, making the peripheral tissue insensitive to insulin, and by feeding them a high-calorie diet.
Specific Mmodeling Methods
Mice: C57BL/6 • female • 10 week-old
Administration: • i.p. • high-fat diet+low-dose injection of 40 mg/kg STZ for 4 days.
Rat: Sprague-Dawley or Wistar rats • male • 8-10 weeks-old
Administration: i.p. • 8 weeks of high-fat diet+low-dose injection of 25 mg/kg STZ for 5 days.
Note
(1) Housed under controlled conditions of 25 °C, 50% relative humidity and a 12 h light (6: 00-18: 00) and 12 h dark cycle, with water and food (containing 18.5% protein) available ad libitum.
(2) Before any invasive procedure, the mice were anesthetized with i.p. injections of tiletamine/zolazepam (80 mg/kg) or inhaled isoflurane.
(3) All animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks.
Modeling Indicators
Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance
Correlated Product(s):
Opposite Product(s):

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: C57BL/6 male mice[2]
Dosage: 180 mg/kg
Administration: i.v.
Result: Elevated blood glucose levels after 48 h and reduced body weight.
Inhibited splenocyte proliferation in mixed lymphocyte cultures.
Increased the level of INF-γ.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

265.22

Formula

C8H15N3O7

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](NC(N(C)N=O)=O)[C@H]1O

Structure Classification
Initial Source

Streptomyces achromogenes

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

*The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 250 mg/mL (942.61 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : 113.3 mg/mL (427.19 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.7705 mL 18.8523 mL 37.7045 mL
5 mM 0.7541 mL 3.7705 mL 7.5409 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  0.1 M Sodium citrate buffer (pH 4.5)

    Solubility: 200 mg/mL (754.09 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.15%

References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 3.7705 mL 18.8523 mL 37.7045 mL 94.2614 mL
5 mM 0.7541 mL 3.7705 mL 7.5409 mL 18.8523 mL
10 mM 0.3770 mL 1.8852 mL 3.7705 mL 9.4261 mL
15 mM 0.2514 mL 1.2568 mL 2.5136 mL 6.2841 mL
20 mM 0.1885 mL 0.9426 mL 1.8852 mL 4.7131 mL
25 mM 0.1508 mL 0.7541 mL 1.5082 mL 3.7705 mL
30 mM 0.1257 mL 0.6284 mL 1.2568 mL 3.1420 mL
40 mM 0.0943 mL 0.4713 mL 0.9426 mL 2.3565 mL
50 mM 0.0754 mL 0.3770 mL 0.7541 mL 1.8852 mL
60 mM 0.0628 mL 0.3142 mL 0.6284 mL 1.5710 mL
80 mM 0.0471 mL 0.2357 mL 0.4713 mL 1.1783 mL
100 mM 0.0377 mL 0.1885 mL 0.3770 mL 0.9426 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Streptozotocin
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