2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Apoptosis NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation
  3. Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species
  4. β-Carotene

β-Carotene  (Synonyms: Provitamin A; beta-Carotene)

Cat. No.: HY-N0411 Purity: ≥98.0%
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β-Carotene (Provitamin A), a carotenoid compound, is a naturally-occurring vitamin A precursor. β-Carotene is a modulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS), with antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. β-Carotene may serve as an antioxidant or as a prooxidant, depending on its intrinsic properties as well as on the redox potential of the biological environment in which it acts. β-Carotene induces breast cancer cells apoptosis, with anticancer activities.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

β-Carotene Chemical Structure

β-Carotene Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 7235-40-7

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of β-Carotene:

β-Carotene Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE β-Carotene

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

β-Carotene (Provitamin A), a carotenoid compound, is a naturally-occurring vitamin A precursor. β-Carotene is a modulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS), with antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. β-Carotene may serve as an antioxidant or as a prooxidant, depending on its intrinsic properties as well as on the redox potential of the biological environment in which it acts. β-Carotene induces breast cancer cells apoptosis, with anticancer activities[1][2][3][4][5].

IC50 & Target[3]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

apoptosis

 

In Vitro

β-Carotene up-regulates PPAR-γ expression and ROS production in MCF-7 cancer cells[3].
β-Carotene (1-100 μM; 72 hours) remarkably decreases the survival of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner[3].
β-Carotene (50 μM; 24-72 hours) significantly enhances the expression levels of PPAR-γ mRNA and protein in a time-dependent manner[3].
β-Carotene down-regulates the COX-2 but up-regulates the p21 mRNA level and protein expression in a time dependent manner[3].
β-Carotene significantly increases the percentage of early apoptosis and the effect was partly attenuated by pre-incubation with GW9662 (HY-16578) or GSH (HY-D0187)[3].
β-Carotene induces cytochrome C release[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

β-Carotene Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay[5]

Cell Line: MCF-7 cells
Concentration: 1 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM
Incubation Time: 72 hours
Result: Decreased the numbers of viable cells to 70% and 50% at 20 μM and 50 μM, respectively.

RT-PCR[5]

Cell Line: MCF-7 cells
Concentration: 50 μM
Incubation Time: 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours
Result: Up-regulated the PPAR-γ mRNA.

Western Blot Analysis[5]

Cell Line: MCF-7 cells
Concentration: 50 μM
Incubation Time: 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours
Result: Up-regulated PPAR-γ protein expression levels.

Apoptosis Analysis[5]

Cell Line: MCF-7 cells
Concentration: 50 μM
Incubation Time: 72 hours
Result: Induced MCF-7 cells apoptosis.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

536.87

Formula

C40H56
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Brown to red

SMILES

CC1(C)C(/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C2=C(C)CCCC2(C)C)=C(C)CCC1
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

THF : 12.5 mg/mL (23.28 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

DMSO : 1 mg/mL (1.86 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.8626 mL 9.3132 mL 18.6264 mL
5 mM 0.3725 mL 1.8626 mL 3.7253 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  15% Cremophor EL    85% Saline

    Solubility: 10 mg/mL (18.63 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

COA (241 KB) HNMR (279 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO / THF 1 mM 1.8626 mL 9.3132 mL 18.6264 mL 46.5660 mL
THF 5 mM 0.3725 mL 1.8626 mL 3.7253 mL 9.3132 mL
10 mM 0.1863 mL 0.9313 mL 1.8626 mL 4.6566 mL
15 mM 0.1242 mL 0.6209 mL 1.2418 mL 3.1044 mL
20 mM 0.0931 mL 0.4657 mL 0.9313 mL 2.3283 mL
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β-Carotene Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

β-Carotene7235-40-7Provitamin A beta-CaroteneEndogenous MetaboliteApoptosisReactive Oxygen Speciesperoxisomeproliferator-activatedreceptorγPPAR-γactivationROSproductionp21COX-2antioxidantprooxidantInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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