Imepitoin (Synonyms: AWD 131-138)

Cat. No.: HY-14953 Purity: 99.43%: FAQs
Data Sheet SDS COA Handling Instructions

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Imepitoin (AWD 131-138) is a new low-affinity partial benzodiazepine receptor agonist with potent anticonvulsant and anxiolytic properties in rodent models.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Imepitoin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 188116-07-6

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	USD 97	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	USD 97	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solid
5 mg	USD 88	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 mg	USD 132	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
50 mg	USD 440	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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Purity & Documentation
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Description

Imepitoin (AWD 131-138) is a new low-affinity partial benzodiazepine receptor agonist with potent anticonvulsant and anxiolytic properties in rodent models.

IC₅₀ & Target

GABA receptor

In Vitro

AWD 131-138 dose-dependently stimulated GABA currents(Recombinant gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A)) receptors of the subunit compositions alpha1beta2gamma2, alpha1beta3gamma2, alpha2beta2gamma2, alpha3beta2gamma2 and alpha5beta2gamma2). At 10 microM AWD 131-138, this allosteric stimulation amounted in average to about 12-21% of the maximal stimulation achieved using diazepam. The threshold of stimulation was about 0.3-1.0 microM [1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

AWD 131-138 did not produce midazolam-like responding or alter response rates at cumulative doses up to 18.0 mg/kg i.m. (plasma levels over 2100 ng/ml). When AWD 131-138 (10-100 microg/kg/injection) was studied by substitution, responding declined to vehicle substitution levels within three sessions. At the dose of 100 microg/kg i.v. AWD 131-138, sufficient drug was self-administered during the first session (about 3.5 mg/kg) to produce plasma levels above 1000 ng/ml, yet responding over the next two sessions dropped to vehicle levels [2]. Prolonged oral administration with twice-daily dosing of ELB 138 with either 5 or 40 mg/kg over a 5-week period was not associated with loss of anticonvulsant efficacy in the PTZ dog model [3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Molecular Weight

279.72

Formula

C₁₃H₁₄ClN₃O₂

CAS No.

188116-07-6

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C1N=C(N2CCOCC2)CN1C3=CC=C(Cl)C=C3

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 12.5 mg/mL (44.69 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	3.5750 mL	17.8750 mL	35.7500 mL
5 mM	0.7150 mL	3.5750 mL	7.1500 mL
10 mM	0.3575 mL	1.7875 mL	3.5750 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

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Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (4.47 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (4.47 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (4.47 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.43%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (274 KB) SDS (0 KB)

COA (247 KB) LCMS (114 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Sigel E, et al. The antiepileptic drug AWD 131-138 stimulates different recombinant isoforms of the rat GABA(A) receptor through the benzodiazepine binding site. Neurosci Lett. 1998 Apr 3;245(2):85-8. [Content Brief]

[2]. Yasar S, et al. Evaluation of the novel antiepileptic drug, AWD 131-138, for benzodiazepine-like discriminative stimulus and reinforcing effects in squirrel monkeys. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Apr 4;465(3):257-65. [Content Brief]

[3]. Loscher W, et al. Anticonvulsant efficacy of the low-affinity partial benzodiazepine receptor agonist ELB 138 in a dog seizure model and in epileptic dogs with spontaneously recurrent seizures. Epilepsia. 2004 Oct;45(10):1228-39. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO	1 mM	3.5750 mL	17.8750 mL	35.7500 mL	89.3751 mL
	5 mM	0.7150 mL	3.5750 mL	7.1500 mL	17.8750 mL
	10 mM	0.3575 mL	1.7875 mL	3.5750 mL	8.9375 mL
	15 mM	0.2383 mL	1.1917 mL	2.3833 mL	5.9583 mL
	20 mM	0.1788 mL	0.8938 mL	1.7875 mL	4.4688 mL
	25 mM	0.1430 mL	0.7150 mL	1.4300 mL	3.5750 mL
	30 mM	0.1192 mL	0.5958 mL	1.1917 mL	2.9792 mL
	40 mM	0.0894 mL	0.4469 mL	0.8938 mL	2.2344 mL

Imepitoin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Imepitoin188116-07-6AWD 131-138GABA ReceptorGamma-aminobutyric acid Receptorγ-Aminobutyric acid ReceptorInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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