2. Academic Validation
  3. Alkaline Dilution Alters Sperm Motility in Dairy Goat by Affecting sAC/cAMP/PKA Pathway Activity

Alkaline Dilution Alters Sperm Motility in Dairy Goat by Affecting sAC/cAMP/PKA Pathway Activity

  • Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 16;24(2):1771. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021771.
Qifu He 1 2 3,  Feng Gao 1 2 3,  Shenghui Wu 1 2 3,  Shaowen Wang 1 2 3,  Zhiming Xu 1 2 3,  Xuerui Xu 1 2 3,  Tianyang Lan 1 2 3,  Kang Zhang 1 2 3,  Fusheng Quan 1 2 3
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China.
  • 3 Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China.
PMID: 36675287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021771
Abstract

In dairy goat farming, increasing the female kid rate is beneficial to milk production and is, therefore, economically beneficial to farms. Our previous study demonstrated that alkaline incubation enriched the concentration of X-chromosome-bearing sperm; however, the mechanism by which pH affects the motility of X-chromosome-bearing sperm remains unclear. In this study, we explored this mechanism by incubating dairy goat sperm in alkaline dilutions, examining the pattern of changes in sperm internal pH and Ca2+ concentrations and investigating the role of the sAC/cAMP/PKA pathway in influencing sperm motility. The results showed that adding a Calcium Channel Inhibitor during incubation resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in the proportion of spermatozoa with forward motility, and the sperm sAC protein activity was positively correlated with the calcium ion concentration (r = 0.9972). The total motility activity, proportion of forward motility, and proportion of X-chromosome-bearing sperm decreased (p < 0.05) when cAMP/PKA protease activity was inhibited. Meanwhile, the enrichment of X-chromosome-bearing sperm by pH did not affect the sperm capacitation state. These results indicate that alkaline dilution incubation reduces Ca2+ entry into X-sperm and the motility was slowed down through the sAC/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway, providing a theoretical foundation for further optimization of the sex control method.

Keywords

Ca2+; dairy goat; pH; sAC/cAMP/PKA; sperm.

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