Alzheimer's disease modeling is an experimental approach to simulating the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. It mainly includes transgenic models, cell culture models and synthetic models of mice and rats. Transgenic models mimic the genetic mutations in patients by manipulating genes associated with Alzheimer's disease. Cell culture models use cell lines to simulate pathological processes. Synthetic models mimic the characteristics of Alzheimer's disease by synthesizing amyloid beta or tau proteins. These models provide critical tools for studying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and for drug screening.