Cell differentiation refers to the process by which pluripotent cells (stem cells) gradually develop into specific types of cells with specific structures and functions. This is a critical step in biological development and tissue formation, involving gene expression regulation and cell fate decisions. Differentiation allows cells to adapt to the specific needs of different tissues and organs, including muscle cells, nerve cells, and more. Studying cell differentiation helps to understand organism development, tissue repair and disease development, and is of great significance to fields such as stem cell therapy and regenerative medicine.