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Seneciphylline is a toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid in Gynura japonica . Seneciphylline significantly increases the activities of epoxide hydrase and glutathione-S-transferase but causes reduction of cytochrome P-450 and related monooxygenase activities .
LAS17 is a potent and selective tyrosine-directed irreversible inhibitor for glutathione?S-Transferase Pi (GSTP1) . LAS17 inhibits GSTP1 activity with an IC50 of 0.5 μM . LAS17 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
S-Hexylglutathione is an S-substituted glutathione in which the hydrogen of the thiol has been replaced by a hexyl group. S-Hexylglutathione is also an competitive inhibitor against glutathione-S-transferase. S-Hexylglutathione can be used as an affinity chromatographic ligand for glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase .
S-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)glutathione is a substrate for glutathione-S-transferase. (2,4-Dinitrophenyl)glutathione can be used as an irreversible glutathione reductase inhibitor with an Ki value of 30 µM .
Coniferyl ferulate, a strong inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST), reverses multidrug resistance and downregulates P-glycoprotein. Coniferyl ferulate shows strong inhibition of human placental GST with an IC50 of 0.3 μM.
Benoxacor (CGA 154281) is a herbicide safener that can protect crops from the toxicity of herbicides. Benoxacor can enhance the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in corn, effectively inducing detoxification of herbicides in corn .
Curzerene is a sesquiterpene is isolated from the rhizome of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn with anti-cancer activity. Curzerene inhibits glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1) mRNA and protein expression. Curzerene induces cell apoptosis .
Senecionine (Senecionan-11,16-dione, 12-hydroxy-) is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid could be isolated from Senecio vulgaris. Senecionine decreases the activities of glutathione S-transferase, aminopyrine demethylase and arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) .
TLK117, the active metabolite of TLK199, selective inhibits Glutathione S-transferase P1–1 (GSTP1-1) with a Ki of 0.4 μM for GSTP. TLK117 also competitively inhibits glyoxalase I with a Ki of 0.56 μM.
AZD9898 is an orally active leukotriene-C4 synthetase (LTC4S, glutathione S-transferase II) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.28 nM. AZD9898 mitigates the GABA binding and hepatic toxicity signal. AZD9898 has the potential to treat asthma .
2,2′-Dihydroxychalcone, a flavonoid, is a glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor with an IC50 of 28.9 μM in human colon cancer cells. 2,2′-Dihydroxychalcone induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. 2,2′-Dihydroxychalcone has anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties .
GSTP1-1 inhibitor 1 (compound 6b) is an irreversible, long-acting, glutathione S-transferase inhibitor with an IC50 of 21 μM targeting GSTP1-1 . GSTP1-1 is a key tumor suppressor target, and GSTP1-1 inhibitor 1 has potential anticancer activity .
Ezatiostat hydrochloride (TER199; TLK199 hydrochloride) is a tripeptide analog of glutathione and is a selective and orally active glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GSTP1) inhibitor. Ezatiostat hydrochloride leads to JNK activation by inhibiting GSTP1. Ezatiostat hydrochloride stimulates both lymphocyte production and bone marrow progenitor proliferation. Ezatiostat hydrochloride has the potential for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) treatment .
Ezatiostat (TER199 free base; TLK199) is a tripeptide analog of glutathione and is a selective and orally active glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GSTP1) inhibitor. Ezatiostat leads to JNK activation by inhibiting GSTP1. Ezatiostat stimulates both lymphocyte production and bone marrow progenitor proliferation. Ezatiostat has the potential for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) treatment .
Ethacrynic acid has anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity. Ethacrynic acid is an orally active diuretic. Ethacrynic acid is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) and Wnt signaling pathways. Ethacrynic acid is a radiosensitizer. Ethacrynic acid can inhibit airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction in mice. Ethacrynic acid can increase the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye for the study of glaucoma .
Canfosfamide (TLK-286, TER286) is a glutathione analogue prodrug that is activated by glutathione S-transferase P1-1 and induces apoptosis. Canfosfamide also inhibits the catalytic kinase activity of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). Canfosfamide produces an anticancer alkylating agent and a glutathione derivative after activation. Canfosfamide can be used to research malignancies .
Ethacrynic acid (Etacrynic acid sodium) sodium is a diuretic. Ethacrynic acid sodium is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Ethacrynic acid sodium is a potent inhibitor of NF-kB-signaling pathway, and also modulates leukotriene formation. Ethacrynic acid sodium also inhibits L-type voltage-dependent and store-operated calcium channel, leading to relaxation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Ethacrynic acid sodium has anti-inflammatory properties that reduces the retinoid-induced ear edema in mice .
NBDHEX is a potent glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GSTP1-1) inhibitor. NBDHEX induces apoptosis of tumor cells. NBDHEX acts as an anticancer agent by inhibiting GSTs catalytic activity, avoiding inconvenience of the inhibitor extrusion from the cell by specific pumps and disrupting the interaction between the GSTP1-1 and key signaling effectors. NBDHEX can also act as late-phase autophagy inhibitor .
Ethacrynic acid D5 is a deuterium labeled Ethacrynic acid. Ethacrynic acid is a diuretic. Ethacrynic acid is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Ethacrynic acid is a potent inhibitor of NF-kB-signaling pathway, and also modulates leukotriene formation. Ethacrynic acid also inhibits L-type voltage-dependent and store-operated calcium channel, leading to relaxation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Ethacrynic acid has anti-inflammatory properties that reduces the retinoid-induced ear edema in mice .
Ethacrynic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ethacrynic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ethacrynic acid (Etacrynic acid) is a diuretic. Ethacrynic acid is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Ethacrynic acid is a potent inhibitor of NF-kB-signaling pathway, and also modulates leukotriene formation. Ethacrynic acid also inhibits L-type voltage-dependent and store-operated calcium channel, leading to relaxation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Ethacrynic acid has anti-inflammatory properties that reduces the retinoid-induced ear edema in mice .
Keap1-Nrf2-IN-9 (compound 11) is a potent Keap1-Nrf2 PPI (Keap1-Nrf2 protein−protein interaction) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.575 µM. Keap1-Nrf2-IN-9 increases the expression of Nrf2 target genes including heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), glutathione S-transferase P (GstP), and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (Gclc) and modulatory (Gclm) subunits. Keap1-Nrf2-IN-9 shows not cytotoxic activity in ARPE19 cells .
Acid Yellow 36 (Metanil Yellow) is an azo dye and a pH indicator. Acid Yellow 36 changes its color from red at pH 1.2 to yellow at pH 2.3. Acid Yellow 36 is used in the leather, paper and textile industries. Acid Yellow 36 acts as a bifunctional inducer of specific isozymes of P-450 and cytosolic enzymes .
NLRP3-IN-28 (compound N77) is a potent inhibitor of NLRP3. NLRP3-IN-28 inhibits Nigericin (HY-127019)-induced pyroptosis with an EC50 of 0.07μM. NLRP3-IN-28 alleviates the inflammatory reaction in vivo .
Acid Yellow 36 (Metanil Yellow) is an azo dye and a pH indicator. Acid Yellow 36 changes its color from red at pH 1.2 to yellow at pH 2.3. Acid Yellow 36 is used in the leather, paper and textile industries. Acid Yellow 36 acts as a bifunctional inducer of specific isozymes of P-450 and cytosolic enzymes .
TLK117, the active metabolite of TLK199, selective inhibits Glutathione S-transferase P1–1 (GSTP1-1) with a Ki of 0.4 μM for GSTP. TLK117 also competitively inhibits glyoxalase I with a Ki of 0.56 μM.
Ezatiostat (TER199 free base; TLK199) is a tripeptide analog of glutathione and is a selective and orally active glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GSTP1) inhibitor. Ezatiostat leads to JNK activation by inhibiting GSTP1. Ezatiostat stimulates both lymphocyte production and bone marrow progenitor proliferation. Ezatiostat has the potential for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) treatment .
S-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)glutathione is a substrate for glutathione-S-transferase. (2,4-Dinitrophenyl)glutathione can be used as an irreversible glutathione reductase inhibitor with an Ki value of 30 µM .
Ezatiostat hydrochloride (TER199; TLK199 hydrochloride) is a tripeptide analog of glutathione and is a selective and orally active glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GSTP1) inhibitor. Ezatiostat hydrochloride leads to JNK activation by inhibiting GSTP1. Ezatiostat hydrochloride stimulates both lymphocyte production and bone marrow progenitor proliferation. Ezatiostat hydrochloride has the potential for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) treatment .
Seneciphylline is a toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid in Gynura japonica . Seneciphylline significantly increases the activities of epoxide hydrase and glutathione-S-transferase but causes reduction of cytochrome P-450 and related monooxygenase activities .
Coniferyl ferulate, a strong inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST), reverses multidrug resistance and downregulates P-glycoprotein. Coniferyl ferulate shows strong inhibition of human placental GST with an IC50 of 0.3 μM.
Curzerene is a sesquiterpene is isolated from the rhizome of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn with anti-cancer activity. Curzerene inhibits glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1) mRNA and protein expression. Curzerene induces cell apoptosis .
S-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)glutathione is a substrate for glutathione-S-transferase. (2,4-Dinitrophenyl)glutathione can be used as an irreversible glutathione reductase inhibitor with an Ki value of 30 µM .
Senecionine (Senecionan-11,16-dione, 12-hydroxy-) is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid could be isolated from Senecio vulgaris. Senecionine decreases the activities of glutathione S-transferase, aminopyrine demethylase and arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) .
The GSTK1 protein acts as a glutathione S-transferase, promoting the binding of glutathione to exogenous and endogenous compounds, mainly through the model substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). active activity. This enzymatic activity plays a vital role in the detoxification process, assisting in the binding of glutathione to various substrates. GSTK1 Protein, Human is the recombinant human-derived GSTK1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free. The total length of GSTK1 Protein, Human is 225 a.a., with molecular weight of ~25 kDa.
The GSTK1 protein acts as a glutathione S-transferase, promoting the binding of glutathione to exogenous and endogenous compounds, mainly through the model substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). active activity. This enzymatic activity plays a vital role in the detoxification process, assisting in the binding of glutathione to various substrates. Glutathione S-transferase kappa 1/GSTK1 Protein, Human (GST) is the recombinant human-derived Glutathione S-transferase kappa 1/GSTK1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-GST labeled tag. The total length of Glutathione S-transferase kappa 1/GSTK1 Protein, Human (GST) is 225 a.a., with molecular weight of 52.4 kDa.
The GSTP1 protein is critical for binding reduced glutathione to a variety of hydrophobic electrophiles, actively forming glutathione conjugates of PGA2 and PGJ2. Documented studies highlight its involvement in hepoxilin regioisomer synthesis, emphasizing the versatility of GSTP1 in processing substrates. GSTP1 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived GSTP1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-10*His labeled tag. The total length of GSTP1 Protein, Human (His) is 209 a.a., with molecular weight of ~25 kDa.
The GSTA1 protein catalyzes the attack of glutathione on various compounds, forming conjugates of PGA2 and PGJ2. It also converts AD into D4-androstene-3,17-dione, contributing to hormone biosynthesis. Additionally, it participates in the metabolism of oxidized linoleic acid through its peroxidase activity against 13-HPODE. GSTA1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His, solution) is the recombinant human-derived GSTA1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of GSTA1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His, solution) is 222 a.a., with molecular weight of ~26 kDa.
The GSTA1 protein catalyzes the attack of glutathione on various compounds, forming conjugates of PGA2 and PGJ2. It also converts AD into D4-androstene-3,17-dione, contributing to hormone biosynthesis. Additionally, it participates in the metabolism of oxidized linoleic acid through its peroxidase activity against 13-HPODE. GSTA1 Protein, Human (HEK293, C-His) is the recombinant human-derived GSTA1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of GSTA1 Protein, Human (HEK293, C-His) is 222 a.a., with molecular weight of ~26 kDa.
GSTT2B protein, crucial in conjugating reduced glutathione to hydrophobic electrophiles, is essential for cellular detoxification. Its sulfatase activity adds to its multifunctional role in cellular processes. The combined glutathione conjugation and sulfatase function underscore GSTT2B's versatility in handling diverse substrates, emphasizing its significance in cellular detoxification mechanisms. GSTT2B Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived GSTT2B protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of GSTT2B Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 244 a.a., with molecular weight of ~29 kDa.
GSTM2 protein is pivotal in conjugating reduced glutathione to diverse hydrophobic electrophiles and actively participates in synthesizing hepoxilin regioisomers, as documented. This underscores GSTM2's multifunctional nature, emphasizing its role in detoxification and forming unique molecular species, contributing to the broader cellular response to various electrophilic compounds. GSTM2 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived GSTM2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of GSTM2 Protein, Human (His) is 218 a.a., with molecular weight of ~27 kDa.
Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1) is a member of GSTs family and plays an important role in detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of many hydrophobic and electrophilic compounds with reduced glutathione. GSTP1 enables JUN kinase binding activity; glutathione transferase activity; and kinase regulator activity and is involved in negative regulation of cell population proliferation, intracellular signal transduction and macromolecule metabolic process as well. GSTP1 Protein, Human is the recombinant human-derived GSTP1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free. The total length of GSTP1 Protein, Human is 210 a.a., with molecular weight of ~23.66 kDa.
GSTP1 protein conjugates reduced glutathione to hydrophobic electrophiles, forms glutathione conjugates of PGA2 and PGJ2, and contributes to hepoxilin production. It also regulates CDK5 activity by facilitating p25/p35 translocation, preventing neurodegeneration. GSTP1 Protein, Rat (His) is the recombinant rat-derived GSTP1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of GSTP1 Protein, Rat (His) is 209 a.a., with molecular weight of ~24 kDa.
GSTM5 protein is pivotal in conjugating reduced glutathione to diverse hydrophobic electrophiles, crucial for cellular detoxification. Its enzymatic activity, addressing both exogenous and endogenous compounds, is essential for eliminating harmful substances and maintaining cellular homeostasis, highlighting GSTM5's protective role against toxic insults. GSTM5 Protein, Human (N-His) is the recombinant human-derived GSTM5 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of GSTM5 Protein, Human (N-His) is 218 a.a., with molecular weight of ~28 kDa.
The maleylacetoacetate isomerase/GSTZ1 protein is a member of the GST superfamily and detoxifies electrophilic molecules. It converts maleylacetoacetate to fumarylacetoacetate, a key step in phenylalanine/tyrosine degradation. Maleylacetoacetate isomerase/GSTZ1 Protein, Human (N-His) is the recombinant human-derived Maleylacetoacetate isomerase/GSTZ1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of Maleylacetoacetate isomerase/GSTZ1 Protein, Human (N-His) is 215 a.a., with molecular weight of ~25 kDa.
The GST (Glutathione S-transferase) protein is vital for conjugating reduced glutathione to hydrophobic electrophiles, essential for cellular detoxification and defense. GST isoenzymes play a central role in parasites' detoxification systems, indicating a crucial defense role. Additionally, GST may enhance haematin solubility in parasite guts, highlighting its multifaceted contributions to cellular and organismal processes. GST Protein, Schistosoma Japonicum is the recombinant GST protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free. The total length of GST Protein, Schistosoma Japonicum is 218 a.a., with molecular weight of ~28.0 kDa.
As a multifunctional enzyme, MGST2 protein catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic ADP-β-D-ribose (cADPR) from NAD(+) and subsequently hydrolyzes cADPR into ADP-D-ribose (ADPR). This dual function makes MGST2 a key player in regulating intracellular calcium mobilization, as cADPR acts as an endogenous second messenger that triggers the release of intracellular stored calcium. MGST2 Protein, Human (Cell-Free, His) is the recombinant human-derived MGST2 protein, expressed by E. coli Cell-free , with N-10*His labeled tag. The total length of MGST2 Protein, Human (Cell-Free, His) is 147 a.a., with molecular weight of 19.4 kDa.
GSTP1, a key protein, aids in cellular detoxification by conjugating reduced glutathione to hydrophobic electrophiles. It also forms glutathione conjugates for PGA2 and PGJ2 and contributes to hepoxilin synthesis. Additionally, GSTP1 regulates CDK5 activity, preventing neurodegeneration. This versatile enzyme safeguards cellular homeostasis and plays a crucial role in various biochemical pathways. GSTP1 Protein, Cricetulus longicaudatus (His-Myc) is the recombinant GSTP1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-10*His, C-Myc labeled tag. The total length of GSTP1 Protein, Cricetulus longicaudatus (His-Myc) is 210 a.a., with molecular weight of ~28.7 kDa.
GSTP1, a key protein, aids in cellular detoxification by conjugating reduced glutathione to hydrophobic electrophiles. It also forms glutathione conjugates for PGA2 and PGJ2 and contributes to hepoxilin synthesis. Additionally, GSTP1 regulates CDK5 activity, preventing neurodegeneration. This versatile enzyme safeguards cellular homeostasis and plays a crucial role in various biochemical pathways. GSTP1 Protein, Cricetulus longicaudatus (Baculovirus, His-Myc) is the recombinant GSTP1 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with N-10*His, C-Myc labeled tag. The total length of GSTP1 Protein, Cricetulus longicaudatus (Baculovirus, His-Myc) is 210 a.a., with molecular weight of ~27.5 kDa.
The glutathione S-transferase (GST) family of enzymes comprises a long list of cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal proteins that are capable of multiple reactions with a multitude of substrates, both endogenous and xenobiotic. Mammalian cytosolic GSTs are dimeric both subunits being from the same class of GSTs. The monomers are in the range of 22–29 kDa. Glutathione S-transferase is used to create the “GST gene fusion system” in genetic engineering. Here, GST is used to purify and detect proteins of interest.
LAS17 is a potent and selective tyrosine-directed irreversible inhibitor for glutathione?S-Transferase Pi (GSTP1) . LAS17 inhibits GSTP1 activity with an IC50 of 0.5 μM . LAS17 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Cyclopropenone probe 1 can specifically and efficiently modify a triple-negative breast cancer driver, glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1), by covalently binding at the catalytic active site. Cyclopropenone probe 1 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
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