SU11274

1 . Inagaki Y, Qi F, Gao J, Qu X, Hasegawa K, Sugawara Y, Tang W, Kokudo N.Effect of c-Met inhibitor SU11274 on hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth.Biosci Trends. 2011;5(2):52-6.
Abstract
c-Met, a type of receptor tyrosine kinase, may be significantly associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, des-γ-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) has been found to interact with c-Met and activate HCC cell growth. Therefore, the functional inhibition of c-Met expressed on HCC cells should arrest HCC cell growth. The present study found that the c-Met inhibitor SU11274 suppressed HCC cell growth by inhibiting the activation of c-Met. Furthermore, this inhibitor also neutralized the activation of HCC cell growth resulting from the addition of DCP. These results suggest that the functional inhibition of c-Met might be a target for the development of chemotherapeutic agents for HCC, and especially those that are positive for expression of DCP.

2 . Hou J, Dong J, Sun L, Geng L, Wang J, Zheng J, Li Y, Bridge J, Hinrichs SH, Ding SJ.Inhibition of phosphorylated c-Met in rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines by a small molecule inhibitor SU11274.J Transl Med. 2011 May 16;9:64.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: c-Met is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is over-expressed in a variety of cancers and involved in cell growth, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the role of c-Met in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) using its small molecule inhibitor SU11274, which has been hypothesized to be a potential therapeutic target for RMS. METHODS: The expression level of phosphorylated c-Met in RMS cell lines (RD, CW9019 and RH30) and tumor tissues was assessed by phospho-RTK array and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The inhibition effects of SU11274 on RMS cells were studied with regard to intracellular signaling, cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell migration.

3 . Liu Y, Yang Y, Ye YC, Shi QF, Chai K, Tashiro S, Onodera S, Ikejima T.Activation of ERK-p53 and ERK-mediated phosphorylation of Bcl-2 are involved in autophagic cell death induced by the c-Met inhibitor SU11274 in human lung cancer A549 cells.J Pharmacol Sci. 2012;118(4):423-32. Epub 2012 Mar 29.
Abstract
SU11274, a small molecule inhibitor of c-Met, was reported to induce apoptosis in human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. However, SU11274-mediated autophagy in NSCLC cells has rarely been reported. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms mediating SU11274-induced autophagy in NSCLC A549 cells. Here we reported that SU11274-induced autophagy was accompanied with an increase in the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and up-regulation of Beclin-1 expression. Subsequently, we also found that small interfering RNA against c-Met induced A549 cell autophagy while promotion of c-Met by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) suppressed A549 cell autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) suppressed SU11274-induced cell death, suggesting that SU11274-induced autophagy caused cell death. Further study showed that ERK and p53 were activated after SU11274 treatment. Interruption of ERK and p53 activities decreased SU11274-induced autophagy, and blocking of ERK by the specific inhibitor PD98059 suppressed SU11274-induced p53 activation. Moreover, ERK activation upregulated Beclin-1 expression through induction of Bcl-2 phosphorylation, but p53 did not induce Bcl-2 phosphorylation. In conclusion, inhibition of c-Met induced autophagic cell death, which was associated with ERK-p53 activation and ERK-mediated Bcl-2 phosphorylation in A549 cells.

4 . Liu Y, Shi QF, Ye YC, Tashiro S, Onodera S, Ikejima T.Activated O2(??) and H2O2 mediated cell survival in SU11274-treated non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells via c-Met-PI3K-Akt and c-Met-Grb2/SOS-Ras-p38 pathways.J Pharmacol Sci. 2012;119(2):150-9. Epub 2012 May 26.
Abstract
The pharmacological activity of SU11274 is primarily due to its inhibition of hepotocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met) kinase overexpression. In this study, we demonstrated that the pathway involved in SU11274-induced autophagy was presumably through inhibition of c-Met and its down-stream pathways, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases – Akt (PI3K–Akt) and the growth factor receptor bound protein-2 / son of sevenless – Ras – p38 MAPK (Grb2/SOS–Ras–p38) pathway. SU11274 time-dependently induced the generation of superoxide anion (O2(??)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). There is a negative feedback loop between reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction and SU11274. Then, we investigated the role of ROS in protecting cells against SU11274-induced autophagic cell death in A549 cells. O2(??) and H2O2 generation activated c-Met–PI3K–Akt and c-Met–Grb2/SOS–Ras–p38 signaling pathways, which were suppressed by O2(??) scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) and H2O2 scavenger catalase. In conclusion, O2(??) and H2O2 evoked cell resistance to SU11274 via activating c-Met–PI3K–Akt and c-Met–Grb2/SOS–Ras–p38 pathways in A549 cells. SU11274 also induced ROS generation in Caenorhabditis elegans.

5 . Koon EC et al Effect of a c-Met-specific, ATP-competitive small-molecule inhibitor SU11274 on human ovarian carcinoma cell growth, motility, and invasion Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2008 Sep-Oct;18(5):976-84.
Abstract
Increased expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met has been shown to correlate with enhanced cell proliferation, motility, and invasion. The objectives of this study were to characterize total and activated c-Met expression in both normal and malignant human ovarian epithelial cells and to determine the effects of inhibiting the activation of c-Met on ovarian epithelial cell growth, motility, and invasion. Total c-Met was overexpressed in 82 (68%) of 119 ovarian carcinomas, as shown by immunohistochemistry. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses revealed that ovarian carcinoma cell lines had higher levels of c-Met messenger RNA, total protein, and activated protein expression compared to normal ovarian epithelial cell cultures. Using a specific adenosine triphosphate-competitive small-molecule inhibitor, SU11274, activated c-Met was decreased in normal and ovarian carcinoma cell lines. ...