Discovery of Novel SIRT1/2 Inhibitors with Effective Cytotoxicity against Human Leukemia Cells

The Sirtuin enzyme family members, SIRT1 and SIRT2, play both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing roles, depending on the context and experimental conditions. Compounds that inhibit either SIRT1 or SIRT2 show promising antitumor effects in several types of Cancer models, both in vitro and in vivo. The simultaneous inhibition of SIRT1 and SIRT2 is helpful in treating Cancer by completely blocking p53 deacetylation, leading to cell death. However, only a few SIRT1/2 dual inhibitors have been developed. Here, we report the discovery of a novel series of SIRT1/2 dual inhibitors via a rational drug design that involved virtual screening and a substructure search. Eleven of the derived compounds exhibited high inhibitory activities, with IC₅₀ < 5 μM and high specificity for both SIRT1 and SIRT2. Compounds hsa55 and PS9 strongly induced Apoptosis and showed antiproliferative effects against human leukemia cell lines, which could be due to their ability to increase of p53 and α-tubulin acetylation, as we observed in MOLM-13 cells. Therefore, the new scaffolds of these compounds and their efficacy in leukemia cell lines provide important clues for the further development of novel anti-leukemia drugs.