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Golgicide A (GCA) is a potent, highly specific, and reversible inhibitor of the cis-Golgi ADP-ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factors (ArfGEF) GBF1 . Golgicide A drastically reduced replication of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and other human enterovirus species .
The Golgi apparatus is composed of flattened vesicles superimposed on each other by unit membranes. The flattened vesicles are round with expanded and perforated edges. The Golgi fluorescent probe is a BODIPY-labeled ceramide derivative, the synthesis of which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and can then be transported to the Golgi via ceramide transport protein (CERT) or vesicular translocation, allowing specific labeling of the dye . BODIPY Fl C5-Ceramide is a Golgi-specific green fluorescent dye, which can visualise individual cells . Ex/Em= 505 nm/512 nm.
The Golgi apparatus is composed of flattened vesicles superimposed on each other by unit membranes. The flattened vesicles are round with expanded and perforated edges. The Golgi fluorescent probe is a BODIPY-labeled ceramide derivative, the synthesis of which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and can then be transported to the Golgi via ceramide transport protein (CERT) or vesicular translocation, allowing specific labeling of the dye. BODIPY TR Ceramide (Golgi-Red Tracke) is a Golgi-specific fluorescent dye, which can visualise individual cells . Ex/Em=589 nm/616 nm.
AIE-GA is a Golgi apparatus (GA) fluorescent probe (green channel: λex = 405 nm, λem = 500-700 nm). AIE-GA has a favourable binding ability to interact with COX-2. AIE-GA binds to the cyclooxygenase catalytic site of COX-2 .
BDP FL ceramide, a highly fluorescent lipid, is a conjugate of green-emitting BDP FL fluorophore with sphingosine. BDP FL ceramide can be used for the visualization of the Golgi apparatus via fluorescence microscopy.The excitation wavelength is 503 nm and the emission wavelength is 509 nm .
Flubi-2 is a fluorescein-biotin based pH-ratio dye (Ex=480 nm, Em= 520-560 nm) with a pK value of 6.7. Flubi-2 is a hydrolysis product of Flubida-2 (non-fluorescent, membrane permeable). Flubi-2 can be used for pH determination of organelles of the secretory pathway (such as golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum) in living cells .
Retro-2 is a selective inhibitor of retrograde protein trafficking at the endosome-trans-Golgi network interface. Retro-2 is an ebolavirus (EBOV) infection inhibitor with an EC50 of 12.2 µM in HeLa cells. Retro-2 induces cell autophagy .
Ilimaquinone, a marine sponge metabolite, displays anticancer activity via GADD153-mediated pathway. Ilimaquinone can induce vesiculation of the Golgi apparatus . Ilimaquinone exerts anti-HIV, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and effects .
CMP-Sialic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) sodium salt is an allosteric inhibitor of UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase. CMP-Sialic acid sodium salt provides a substrate for Golgi sialyltransferases. CMP-Sialic acid sodium salt is an important sugar nucleotide for biosynthesis of sialic acid and its conjugates .
CMP-Sialic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) is an allosteric inhibitor of UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase. CMP-Sialic acid provides a substrate for Golgi sialyltransferases. CMP-Sialic acid is an important sugar nucleotide for biosynthesis of sialic acid and its conjugates .
Fatostatin (125B11), a specific inhibitor of SREBP activation, impairs the activation of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2. Fatostatin binds to SCAP (SREBP cleavage-activating protein), and inhibits the ER-Golgi translocation of SREBPs. Fatostatin decreases the transcription of lipogenic genes in cells. Fatostatin possesses antitumor properties, and lowers hyperglycemia in ob/ob mice .
Fatostatin hydrobromide (125B11 hydrobromide), a specific inhibitor of SREBP activation, impairs the activation of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2. Fatostatin hydrobromide binds to SCAP (SREBP cleavage-activating protein), and inhibits the ER-Golgi translocation of SREBPs. Fatostatin hydrobromide decreases the transcription of lipogenic genes in cells. Fatostatin hydrobromide possesses antitumor properties, and lowers hyperglycemia in ob/ob mice .
Exo2 is a secretion inhibitor. Exo2 perturbs trafficking of Shiga toxin between endosomes and the trans-Golgi network. Exo2 blocks secretory cargo exit from the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) and disrupts the Golgi apparatus, but does not affect the morphology of the TGN (trans-Golgi network) Exo2 can stimulate calcium-dependent exocytosis in permeabilized adrenal chromaff in cells .
C6 NBD Ceramide is a Golgi apparatus fluorescent probe with cell membrane permeability. C6 NBD Ceramide can be used for fast and convenient green fluorescent labeling of Golgi in living and fixed cells, and can be used to observe changes in Golgi morphology in living cells (Ex=466 nm, Em=536 nm). C6-NBD-ceramide is metabolized to fluorescent sphingomyelin and glucosylceramide, can be used for the study of sphingolipid transport and metabolic mechanism .
mgc(3Me)FDA is fluorescein diacetate (FDA) modified with a cell-permeable myrGC 3Me motif. mgc(3Me)FDA can enter cells and be converted into fluorescently active mgc(3Me)FL (HY-D2301) within the cells. mgc(3Me)FDA is subcellularly localized in the Golgi apparatus and is a visualized Golgi probe .
mgc(3Me)FL is the active fluorescent form of mgc(3Me)FDA (HY-D2300) after hydrolysis in cells. mgc(3Me)FL subcellularly localizes to the Golgi apparatus and is a visualized Golgi probe. mgc(3Me)FL also binds to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane (PM), causing the plasma membrane to fluoresce .
Adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate triethylamine, is a universal sulfuryl donor for sulfation. Adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate triethylamine (PAPS) is synthesized in the cytosol and subsequently translocated into the Golgi lumen via a PAPS transporter (PAPST) .
Di-12-ANEPPQ is a fast-responding membrane potential dye. Di-12-ANEPPQ, the lipophilic dye, shows cell-specific loading and Golgi-like staining patterns with minimal background fluorescence in the slices of neocortex and hippocampus .
C6 NBD L-threo-ceramide is a cell-permeable analog of ceramides that is tagged with a fluorescent group C6 nitrobenzoxadiazole (C6 NBD). It is rapidly transferred between liposomes, labels the Golgi apparatus, and is metabolized to C6 NBD sphingomyelin in BHK cells and V79 fibroblasts.
N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (MGAT4B) is the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the β1,6-GlcNAc branch of N-glycans in the Golgi apparatus using UDP-GlcNAc as the donor substrate. N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V is involved in cancer malignancy and autoimmune disease etiology .
Adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate lithium is a co-substrate used for the sulfonation of glycans. Adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate lithium can be used for Golgi-resident PAP-specific 3'-phosphatase-coupled sulfotransferase assays, which as donor substrate to transfer a sulfonate group .
Adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate lithium is a co-substrate used for the sulfonation of glycans. Adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate lithium can be used for Golgi-resident PAP-specific 3'-phosphatase-coupled sulfotransferase assays, which as donor substrate to transfer a sulfonate group .
(Rac)-Golgicide A ((Rac)-GCA) is a racemate of Golgicide A. Golgicide A (GCA) is a potent, highly specific, and reversible inhibitor of the cis-Golgi ADP-ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factors (ArfGEF) GBF1 .Golgicide A drastically reduced replication of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and other human enterovirus species .
BQZ-485 is a a potent GDI2 inhibitor through the interaction with Tyr245. BQZ-485 disrupts the intrinsic GDI2-Rab1A interaction, thereby abolishing vesicular transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus and initiating subsequent paraptosis events .
Gol-NTR is a Golgi-targetable probe with high selectivity and sensitivity. Gol-NTR is Nitroreductase (NTR)-activated and has visualization acute lung injury (ALI) and repair function. Gol-NTR has a low detection limit of 54.8 ng/mL. Gol-NTR can be used for the research for monitoring and assessing research response of sepsis-induced ALI .
Brefeldin A (BFA) is a lactone antibiotic and a specific inhibitor of protein trafficking. Brefeldin A blocks the transport of secreted and membrane proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus . Brefeldin A is also an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor . Brefeldin A is a CRISPR/Cas9 activator . Brefeldin A inhibits HSV-1 and has anti-cancer activity .
Cholera toxin (Choleragen), an AB(5)-subunit toxin, enters host cells by binding the ganglioside GM1 at the plasma membrane (PM) and travels retrograde through the trans-Golgi Network into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) . Choleragen activates adenylate cyclase by catalyzing ADP-ribosylation of Gs alpha, the stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding protein .
RhoNox-1 is a fluorescent probe for the specific detection of divalent iron ions, and when RhoNox-1 reacts with Fe 2+. RhoNox-1 can generate an irreversible orange (red) fluorescent product (Ex/Em：540/575 nm) . FeRhoNox-1 can enter the cell well, suitable for the detection of Fe 2+ in living cells, and tends to be localized in the Golgi apparatus .
INCB086550 is a potent, oral, small-molecule PD-L1 inhibitor with IC50s value of 3.1, 4.9 and 1.9 nM for human, cynomolgus, and rat, respectively. INCB086550 promotes the dimerization of cell-surface PD-L1 and induces PD-L1 entry into Golgi vesicles then traffick to the nucleus. INCB086550 can be used for multiple cancers research .
PD 128042 (CI 976) is a potent, orally active, and selective inhibitor of ACAT (acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase) with an IC50s of 73 nM. PD 128042 is also a potent LPAT (lysophospholipid acyltransferase) inhibitor. PD 128042 inhibits Golgi-associated LPAT activity (IC50=15 μM). PD 128042 inhibits multiple membrane trafficking steps, including ones found in the endocytic and secretory pathway .
NAB2 is a neuron-protective agent. NAB2 strongly and selectively protects diverse cell types from α-syn toxicity. NAB2 promots endosomal transport events dependent on the E3 ubiquitin ligase Rsp5/Nedd4. NAB2 identifies a agentgable node in the biology of α-syn that can correct multiple aspects of its underlying pathology, including dysfunctional endosomal and endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi vesicle trafficking .
ZCL278 is a selective Cdc42 modulator that directly binds to Cdc42 and inhibits its functions with Kd of 11.4 μM for Cdc42-ZCL278 affinity in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiment.
Ceramides Mixture is an endogenous ceramide and consists of hydroxy and non-hydroxy fatty acid-containing ceramides. Ceramides Mixture is a main lipid component of the permeability barrier in epidermis. Ceramides Mixture is involved in the regulation of growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and modulation of telomerase activity .
Ceapin-A7 is a selective blocker of ATF6α signaling in response to ER stress, with an IC50 of 0.59 μM. Ceapin-A7 can be used to explore both the mechanism of activation of ATF6α and its role in pathological settings .
The Golgi apparatus is composed of flattened vesicles superimposed on each other by unit membranes. The flattened vesicles are round with expanded and perforated edges. The Golgi fluorescent probe is a BODIPY-labeled ceramide derivative, the synthesis of which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and can then be transported to the Golgi via ceramide transport protein (CERT) or vesicular translocation, allowing specific labeling of the dye . BODIPY Fl C5-Ceramide is a Golgi-specific green fluorescent dye, which can visualise individual cells . Ex/Em= 505 nm/512 nm.
The Golgi apparatus is composed of flattened vesicles superimposed on each other by unit membranes. The flattened vesicles are round with expanded and perforated edges. The Golgi fluorescent probe is a BODIPY-labeled ceramide derivative, the synthesis of which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and can then be transported to the Golgi via ceramide transport protein (CERT) or vesicular translocation, allowing specific labeling of the dye. BODIPY TR Ceramide (Golgi-Red Tracke) is a Golgi-specific fluorescent dye, which can visualise individual cells . Ex/Em=589 nm/616 nm.
AIE-GA is a Golgi apparatus (GA) fluorescent probe (green channel: λex = 405 nm, λem = 500-700 nm). AIE-GA has a favourable binding ability to interact with COX-2. AIE-GA binds to the cyclooxygenase catalytic site of COX-2 .
BDP FL ceramide, a highly fluorescent lipid, is a conjugate of green-emitting BDP FL fluorophore with sphingosine. BDP FL ceramide can be used for the visualization of the Golgi apparatus via fluorescence microscopy.The excitation wavelength is 503 nm and the emission wavelength is 509 nm .
Flubi-2 is a fluorescein-biotin based pH-ratio dye (Ex=480 nm, Em= 520-560 nm) with a pK value of 6.7. Flubi-2 is a hydrolysis product of Flubida-2 (non-fluorescent, membrane permeable). Flubi-2 can be used for pH determination of organelles of the secretory pathway (such as golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum) in living cells .
C6 NBD Ceramide is a Golgi apparatus fluorescent probe with cell membrane permeability. C6 NBD Ceramide can be used for fast and convenient green fluorescent labeling of Golgi in living and fixed cells, and can be used to observe changes in Golgi morphology in living cells (Ex=466 nm, Em=536 nm). C6-NBD-ceramide is metabolized to fluorescent sphingomyelin and glucosylceramide, can be used for the study of sphingolipid transport and metabolic mechanism .
mgc(3Me)FDA is fluorescein diacetate (FDA) modified with a cell-permeable myrGC 3Me motif. mgc(3Me)FDA can enter cells and be converted into fluorescently active mgc(3Me)FL (HY-D2301) within the cells. mgc(3Me)FDA is subcellularly localized in the Golgi apparatus and is a visualized Golgi probe .
mgc(3Me)FL is the active fluorescent form of mgc(3Me)FDA (HY-D2300) after hydrolysis in cells. mgc(3Me)FL subcellularly localizes to the Golgi apparatus and is a visualized Golgi probe. mgc(3Me)FL also binds to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane (PM), causing the plasma membrane to fluoresce .
Di-12-ANEPPQ is a fast-responding membrane potential dye. Di-12-ANEPPQ, the lipophilic dye, shows cell-specific loading and Golgi-like staining patterns with minimal background fluorescence in the slices of neocortex and hippocampus .
C6 NBD L-threo-ceramide is a cell-permeable analog of ceramides that is tagged with a fluorescent group C6 nitrobenzoxadiazole (C6 NBD). It is rapidly transferred between liposomes, labels the Golgi apparatus, and is metabolized to C6 NBD sphingomyelin in BHK cells and V79 fibroblasts.
Gol-NTR is a Golgi-targetable probe with high selectivity and sensitivity. Gol-NTR is Nitroreductase (NTR)-activated and has visualization acute lung injury (ALI) and repair function. Gol-NTR has a low detection limit of 54.8 ng/mL. Gol-NTR can be used for the research for monitoring and assessing research response of sepsis-induced ALI .
RhoNox-1 is a fluorescent probe for the specific detection of divalent iron ions, and when RhoNox-1 reacts with Fe 2+. RhoNox-1 can generate an irreversible orange (red) fluorescent product (Ex/Em：540/575 nm) . FeRhoNox-1 can enter the cell well, suitable for the detection of Fe 2+ in living cells, and tends to be localized in the Golgi apparatus .
Fucosyltransferase 9 (EC:2.4.1.152, FUT9) catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of Lewis antigen, the addition of a fucose to precursor polysaccharides. Fucosyltransferase 9 synthesizes the LeX oligosaccharide (CD15) .
Tyrosylprotein Sulfotransferase 2 (TPST-2) is a subtype of TPST. Tyrosylprotein Sulfotransferase is a 54- to 50-kDa integral membrane glycoprotein of the trans-Golgi network found in essentially all tissues investigated, catalyzing the tyrosine O-sulfation of soluble and membrane proteins passing through this compartment .
Adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate lithium is a co-substrate used for the sulfonation of glycans. Adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate lithium can be used for Golgi-resident PAP-specific 3'-phosphatase-coupled sulfotransferase assays, which as donor substrate to transfer a sulfonate group .
Adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate lithium is a co-substrate used for the sulfonation of glycans. Adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate lithium can be used for Golgi-resident PAP-specific 3'-phosphatase-coupled sulfotransferase assays, which as donor substrate to transfer a sulfonate group .
Fucosyltransferase 7 (FUT7) is a golgi stack membrane protein. Fucosyltransferase 7catalyzes the final fucosylation step in the synthesis of Lewis antigens and generates a unique glycosylated product sialyl Lewis X (sLeX). Fucosyltransferase 7 catalyzes alpha-1,3 glycosidic linkages involved in the expression of sialyl Lewis X antigens .
Ilimaquinone, a marine sponge metabolite, displays anticancer activity via GADD153-mediated pathway. Ilimaquinone can induce vesiculation of the Golgi apparatus . Ilimaquinone exerts anti-HIV, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and effects .
CMP-Sialic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) sodium salt is an allosteric inhibitor of UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase. CMP-Sialic acid sodium salt provides a substrate for Golgi sialyltransferases. CMP-Sialic acid sodium salt is an important sugar nucleotide for biosynthesis of sialic acid and its conjugates .
Brefeldin A (BFA) is a lactone antibiotic and a specific inhibitor of protein trafficking. Brefeldin A blocks the transport of secreted and membrane proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus . Brefeldin A is also an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor . Brefeldin A is a CRISPR/Cas9 activator . Brefeldin A inhibits HSV-1 and has anti-cancer activity .
CMP-Sialic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) is an allosteric inhibitor of UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase. CMP-Sialic acid provides a substrate for Golgi sialyltransferases. CMP-Sialic acid is an important sugar nucleotide for biosynthesis of sialic acid and its conjugates .
GOLM1 Protein, amid partial comprehension, acts as a cellular response protein to viral infections, with an intricate role yet to be fully understood. Interactions with DYM suggest potential links to cellular dynamics or host-virus interactions. Further investigation is crucial to delineate GOLM1's specific contributions and implications in cellular defense mechanisms against viral infections. GOLM1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived GOLM1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of GOLM1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 366 a.a., with molecular weight of ~66.0 kDa.
GOLM1 Protein, amid partial comprehension, acts as a cellular response protein to viral infections, with an intricate role yet to be fully understood. Interactions with DYM suggest potential links to cellular dynamics or host-virus interactions. Further investigation is crucial to delineate GOLM1's specific contributions and implications in cellular defense mechanisms against viral infections. GOLM1 Protein, Human (His, Solution) is the recombinant human-derived GOLM1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of GOLM1 Protein, Human (His, Solution) is 366 a.a., with molecular weight of ~60 kDa.
PIST (PDZ domain-containing protein that interacts with Stx6) is critical in intracellular protein trafficking and degradation. It modulates CFTR chloride currents and acid-induced ASIC3 currents, thereby potentially regulating their cell surface expression. PIST Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived PIST protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of PIST Protein, Human (His) is 177 a.a., with molecular weight of 25-30 kDa.
GOLM1 Protein, amid partial comprehension, acts as a cellular response protein to viral infections, with an intricate role yet to be fully understood. Interactions with DYM suggest potential links to cellular dynamics or host-virus interactions. Further investigation is crucial to delineate GOLM1's specific contributions and implications in cellular defense mechanisms against viral infections. GOLM1 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived GOLM1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of GOLM1 Protein, Human (His) is 366 a.a., with molecular weight of ~45.6 kDa.
The FAM20C protein is a Golgi kinase that phosphorylates secretory pathway proteins and contributes to the biomineralization of bones and teeth. FAM20C phosphorylates caseins and proteins involved in biomineralization and also affects lipid homeostasis, wound healing, and cell migration and adhesion. FAM20C Protein, Human (HEK293, Myc, His) is the recombinant human-derived FAM20C protein, expressed by HEK293 , with N-His, C-Myc labeled tag. The total length of FAM20C Protein, Human (HEK293, Myc, His) is 492 a.a., with molecular weight of ~61.4 kDa.
The TGOLN2 protein plays a critical role in regulating membrane trafficking into and out of the trans-Golgi network (TGN), suggesting its critical function in coordinating vesicle trafficking within TGN-associated cellular compartments. Studying the mechanism of TGOLN2 can provide insights into its role in intracellular trafficking and membrane tissue maintenance. TGOLN2 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived TGOLN2 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of TGOLN2 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 360 a.a., with molecular weight of ~68.0 kDa.
