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Synephrine (Oxedrine) hydrochloride, an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine hydrochloride is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss .
Synephrine (Oxedrine), an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss .
Cagrilintide acetate is a non-selective AMYR/CTR agonist and long-acting acylated amylase analogue. Cagrilintide acetate causes a reduction in food intake and significant weight loss in a dose-dependent manner. Cagrilintide acetate can be used in obesity studies .
CS12192 is a compound improving survival and weight gain. CS12192 has the potential for the research of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (extracted from the patent CN112773802A) .
Synephrine (Oxedrine) hemitartrate, an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine hemitartrate is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss .
Galanin-Like Peptide (human) is a 60 amino acid neuropeptide. Galanin-Like Peptide (human) plays an important role in the regulation of feeding, body weight and energy metabolism .
Galanin-Like Peptide (rat) is a 60 amino acid neuropeptide. Galanin-Like Peptide (rat) plays an important role in the regulation of feeding, body weight and energy metabolism .
Cagrilintide is an investigational novel long-acting acylated amylin analogue, acts as nonselective amylin receptors (AMYR) and calcitonin G protein-coupled receptor (CTR) agonist. Cagrilintide induces significant weight loss and reduces food intake. Cagrilintide has the potential for the research of obesity .
Synephrine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Synephrine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Synephrine (Oxedrine), an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss .
NBD-F (4-Fluoro-7-nitrobenzofurazan) is a pro-fluorescent reagent which is developed for amino acid analysis. NBD-F reacts with primary or secondary amines to produce a fluorescent product and used for analysis of amino acids and low molecular weight amines .
LY255582 is a pan-opioid antagonist and has high affinity for mu, delta, and kappa receptors (Ki: 0.4 nM, 5.2, 2.0 nM respectively). LY255582 can decrease food intake and body weight. LY255582 can be used for the research of obesity .
MS15203 is a potent and selective GPR171 agonist. MS15203 increases food intake and body weight. MS15203 increases neuronal activity. MS15203 significantly increases the abundance of the mRNAs encoding proSAAS, NPY, AgRP .
Human enteropeptidase-IN-1 (compound 6b) is a highly potent, orally active and low systemic exposure enteropeptidase inhibitor. Human enteropeptidase-IN-1 boosts the increase in fecal protein output, and exhibits potent body weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) rat model. Human enteropeptidase-IN-1 can be used for anti-obesity research .
GLP-1(32-36)amide, a pentapeptide, derived from the C terminus of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1. GLP-1(32-36)amide could inhibit weight gain and modulate whole body glucose metabolism in diabetic mice .
GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA, a pentapeptide, derived from the C terminus of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1. GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA could inhibit weight gain and modulate whole body glucose metabolism in diabetic mice .
Beinaglutide is a human GLP-1 polypeptide that shares almost 100% homology with human GLP-1 (7–36). Beinaglutide displays does-dependent effects in glycemic control, inhibiting food intake and gastric empty and promoting weight loss. Beinaglutide has the potential for the research of overweight/obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) .
MK-5046 is a potent, selective and orally active Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) allosteric agonist with an IC50 and an EC50 value of 27 and 25 nM for hBRS-3, respectively. MK-5046 inhibits food intake and reduces body weight of diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse models. MK-5046 can be used for the research of obesity .
Tubulin inhibitor 26 (compound 3c) is a potent inhibitor of tubulin. Tubulin inhibitor 26 is an indazole derivative compound. Tubulin inhibitor 26 shows noteworthy low nanomolar potency against HepG2, HCT116, SW620, HT29 and A549 cancer cell lines. Tubulin inhibitor 26 arrests tumor cell in G2/M phase and induced cell apoptosis. Tubulin inhibitor 26 suppresses tumor growth in vivo without affecting the mice body weight .
Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative, contributes to weight loss in mice. Guanidine hydrochloride is the compound derived from G. officinalis, which gave rise to the biguanides, metformin and phenformin. Galegine hydrochloride activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myotubes, as well as in the H4IIE rat hepatoma and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Galegine hydrochloride has antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus strains .
(R)-MK-5046 is the isomer of MK-5046 (HY-14342), and can be used as an experimental control. MK-5046 is a potent, selective and orally active Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) allosteric agonist with an IC50 and an EC50 value of 27 and 25 nM for hBRS-3, respectively. MK-5046 inhibits food intake and reduces body weight of diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse models. MK-5046 can be used for the research of obesity .
Melittin is a PLA2 activator, stimulates the activity of the low molecular weight PLA2, while it does not the increase activity of the high molecular weight PLA2 .
Melittin TFA is a PLA2 activator, stimulates the activity of the low molecular weight PLA2, while it does not the increase activity of the high molecular weight PLA2 .
Chitosanase is a glycosyl hydrolase that catalyzes the endo hydrolysis of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds of partially acetylated chitosan to release chitosan oligosaccharides (COS). Chitosanases can convert high molecular weight chitosan into functional chitooligosaccharides with low molecular weight .
Human enteropeptidase-IN-2 (compound 1c) is a highly potent enteropeptidase inhibitor. Human enteropeptidase-IN-2 can be used for anti-obesity research .
Hexylene glycol is a low molecular weight surfactant that is widely used as an industrial coating solvent without causing adverse health or environmental effects.
LMPTP INHIBITOR 1 (dihydrochloride) is a selective inhibitor of low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMPTP), with an IC50 of 0.8 μM LMPTP-A.
Megestrol is a synthetic progestin and used for the treatment of anorexia, cachexia, or an unexplained significant weight loss in patients with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome diagnosis .
Dirlotapide (CP742033) is a gut-selective inhibitor of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) that reliably produces weight loss in obese dogs.
Ac-hMCH(6-16)-NH2 binds to and activates equally well both human MCH receptors present in the brain (non-selective agonist), with IC50 values of 0.16 nM and 2.7 nM for MCH-1R and MCH-2R .
Heparinase (Heparinase I) degrades heparin to oligosaccharide or unsaturated disaccharide. Heparinase can be used in the preparation of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) .
N-Isovaleroylglycine-d2 is the deuterium labeled N-Isovaleroylglycine. N-Isovaleroylglycine is an acyl glycine and could be used as a biomarker for the predispositon for weight gain and obesity.
N-Isovalerylglycine-d9 is the deuterium labeled N-Isovaleroylglycine. N-Isovaleroylglycine is an acyl glycine and could be used as a biomarker for the predispositon for weight gain and obesity.
Trans-2-Hexenal can be used for the determination of low-molecular-weight carbonyl compounds which are reactive with biological nucleophiles in biological samples .
Beloranib is a fumagillin-class methionine aminopetidase-2 (MetAP2) inhibitor. Beloranib decreases food intake, body weight, fat mass, and the size of adipocytes.
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG) is an orally active alkylating agent with toxic and mutagenic effects. Methylnitronitrosoguanidine can as a carcinogen and mutagen . 50% water content, specifications are based on dry weight.
Sodium phenyl ethylamido hyaluronate (20% substitution) is a chemical agent. Sodium phenyl ethylamido hyaluronate (20% substitution) has 20% phenethylamine substitution. The molecular weight is 40-60WD.
Sodium phenyl ethylamido hyaluronate (30% substitution) is a chemical agent. Sodium phenyl ethylamido hyaluronate (30% substitution) has 30% phenethylamine substitution. The molecular weight is 40 WD – 60WD.
Sodium phenyl ethylamido hyaluronate (10% substitution) is a chemical agent. Sodium phenyl ethylamido hyaluronate (10% substitution) has 10% phenethylamine substitution. The molecular weight is 40-60WD.
12-Hydroxystearic acid is a structurally simple and cost-effective low molecular weight organogelator, and its metal salts and derivatives find roles in many important applications .
PEG200 (Polyethylene glycol 200), a neutral polymer of molecular weight 300, is a water-soluble, low immunogenic and biocompatible polymer formed by repeating units of ethylene glycol .
PEG300 (Polyethylene glycol 300), a neutral polymer of molecular weight 300, is a water-soluble, low immunogenic and biocompatible polymer formed by repeating units of ethylene glycol .
Chrysene-d12 is the deuterium labeled Chrysene. Chrysene is a high molecular weight (HMW), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) known for its recalcitrance and carcinogenic properties[1].
A 331440 hydrochloride is a histamine H3 receptor antagonist. A 331440 hydrochloride binds potently and selectively to human and rat histamine H3 receptors (Ki≤25 nM). A 331440 hydrochloride can be used for antiobesity research .
Diisopropyl xanthogen disulfide (DIXDS) is a superaccelerator for natural rubber and latex, styrene-butadiene rubber and latex, nitrile butadiene rubber and recycled rubber. It can also be used as a neoprene rubber modifier and an insoluble sulfur stabilizer .
BRL 37344 sodium (BRL 37344A) is a specific β3-adrenergic receptor agonist. BRL 37344 sodium treatment significantly lowers the body weight of obese mice .
Vutiglabridin (HSG4112), a racemic compound, is a potent anti-obesity agent . Vutiglabridin, an optimized structural analog of Glabridin, markedly supersedes Glabridin in weight reduction efficacy and chemical stability .
TPT-260 Dihydrochloride (NSC55712) is a thiophene thiourea derivative with molecule weight 260.00 in free base form; There is no formal name yet, we temporally call this molecule as TPT-260.
Poly(acrylic acid) (MW 450000) is a polyacrylic acid with a molecular weight of 450000. Poly(acrylic acid) (MW 450000) is an anionic polymer. Poly(acrylic acid) (MW 450000) can be as a corrosion-mitigating and surface-stabilizing agent .
Ciraparantag (PER977) acetate is a thrombin and factor Xa inhibitor. Ciraparantag acetate is a broad-spectrum reversal agent for anticoagulants, including low molecular weight heparins, unfractionated heparins, and some direct oral anticoagulants, but not VKAs.
Tauroxicum can be used as a nontoxic, non-antimicrobial agent that can replace or supplement the use of antibiotics in the animal husbandry of livestock animals to increase health and general well-being, productivity, feed efficiency and weight gain.
Megestrol-d5 is the deuterium labeled Megestrol. Megestrol is a synthetic progestin and used for the treatment of anorexia, cachexia, or an unexplained significant weight loss in patients with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome diagnosis[1][2].
TPT-260(TPU260) is a thiophene thiourea derivative with molecule weight 260.00 in free base form; There is no formal name yet, we temporally call this molecule as TPT-260.
ART558 is a nanomolar potent, selective, low molecular weight, allosteric DNA polymerase activity of Polθ inhibitor (IC50=7.9 nM). ART558 can be used for the research of cancer .
EILEVPST is a recombinant human fibronectinderived low-molecular-weightpeptide fragment. EILEVPST can promote cell type-specific α4 integrin-mediated adhesion. EILEVPST can be used for the research of thrombogenesis .
Delparantag (PMX-60056) is a salicylamide derivative and an effective unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) reversing agent. Delparantag shows ability to neutralize the anticoagulation and bleeding effects of UFH and LMWH .
(-)-Hydroxycitric acid (Garcinia acid) is the principal acid of fruit rinds of Garcinia cambogia. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid is a potent and competitive and orally active inhibitor of ATP citrate lyase. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid suppresses the fatty acid synthesis, lipogenesis, food intake, and induced weight loss .
LH-21 is a potent in vivo neutral cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist. LH-21 reduces food intake and body weight gain in obese Zucker rats.
, and displays efficacy as a feeding inhibitor .
Lotiglipron (PF-07081532) is an orally active GLP-1R agonist. Lotiglipron reduces glucose and body weight, and can be used for research of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) .
GPR61 Inverse agonist 1 (Compound 1) is a GPR61 inverse agonist (IC50: 11 nM). GPR61 Inverse agonist 1 can be used for research of disorders of metabolism and body weight, such as obesity and cachexia .
Boc5 is a non-peptidic glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. Boc5 causes sustained glycemic control and weight loss in diabetic mice. Boc5 can be used in research of diabetic .
TGR5 Receptor Agonist 4 is an agonist of Bile Acid Receptor (TGR5), with EC50 for hTGR5 and mTGR5 of 2 nM and 3 nM, respectively. TGR5 Receptor Agonist plays important roles in hypoglycemic and weight loss .
CB1 antagonist 4 is a inverse agonist of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) with an IC50 of 0.4 nM. CB1 antagonist 4 can reduce body weight, improve plasma inflammatory markers and glucose homeostasis .
IFN alpha-IFNAR-IN-1 is a nonpeptidic, low-molecular-weight inhibitor of the interaction between IFN-α and IFNAR; inhibit MVA-induced IFN-α responses by BM-pDCs (IC50=2-8 uM).
TT01001 is a potent and orally active mitoNEET ligand. TT01001 reduces oxidative stress injury and neuronal apoptosis by improving mitochondrial dysfunction. TT01001 improves type II diabetes without causing weight gain .
Hexestrol is a nonsteroidal synthetic estrogen, with a Ki of 0.06 and 0.06 nM for estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and ERβ. Hexestrol can be used for the research of the diseases caused by estrogen deficiencym, and it also can increase the weight of cattle .
SPAA-52 is an orally active, competitive and reversible low-molecular-weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) inhibitor (IC50=4 nM, Ki=1.2 nM). SPAA-52 can be used in diabete research .
Elafin,also known as elafin-specific inhibitor (ESI) or skin anti-leucoprotease (SKALP), is a low molecular weight inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) and proteinase 3 in lung. Elafin is antibiotic against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus .
AMG-076 is an orally bioavailable and selective MCHR1 antagonist. AMG-076 results in significant reduction in body weight gain in nonobese mice fed a high-fat diet and in high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice .
L 152804 is an orally active and selective neuropeptide Y Y5 receptor (NPY5-R) antagonist, with a Ki of 26 nM for hY5. L 152804 causes weight loss in diet-induced obese mice by modulating food intake and energy expenditure .
Orniplabin (SMTP-7) is a low-molecular-weight compound that enhances plasminogen–fibrin binding, urokinase-catalyzed activation of plasminogen, and urokinase and plasminogen-mediated fibrin degradation. Orniplabin shows potential thrombolytic and anti-inflammatory effects. Orniplabin inhibits ROS .
Lanadelumab (SHP643) is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against plasma kallikrein (pKal) with an Ki value of 0.12 nM. Lanadelumab inhibits both free and HMWK (high molecular weight kininogen)-bound pKal. Lanadelumab has the potential for the research of hereditary angioedema .
Bacterial α-Amylase catalyses the hydrolysis of internal α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in starch in low molecular weight products, such glucose, maltose and maltotriose units. Bacterial α-Amylase is often used in biochemical studies .
Ciraparantag is a thrombin and factor Xa inhibitor. Ciraparantag is a broad-spectrum reversal agent for anticoagulants, including low-molecular-weight heparin, unfractionated heparin, and certain direct oral anticoagulants. It is reported to antagonize the effects of all coagulants except VKAs and agratroban .
NN1177 (NNC9204-1177) TFA is a long-acting GLP-1/glucagon receptor co-agonist. NN1177 TFA can induce a dose-dependent body weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice .
TP-2, a caltrop-like multicationic small molecule, is an antidote that can completely neutralize both unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs). TP-2 is not only superior to protamine, has higher neutralization activity, but is also biocompatible .
Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000) is a polymer of anhydroglucose with the molecular weight range of 35000-45000. Dextran sulfate sodium salt can be used to induce colitis. Dextran sulfate sodium salt also can inhibit the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus by preventing the adsorption of the virus into host cells .
Drinabant (AVE1625) is an orally active CB1 receptor antagonist. Drinabant (AVE1625) inhibits the agonist-stimulated calcium signal with IC50 values of 25 nM and 10 nM for the hCB1-R and rCB1-R, respectively, and is ineffective for the hCB2-R .
Cesium chloride is a blocker of potassium channel. Cesium chloride prevents the decrease of Na + transport produced by Alloxan . Cesium chloride has induced cardiac arrhythmias, including torsade de pointes in animal models .
Heparin sodium salt (MW 15kDa) (Sodium heparin (MW 15kDa)) is a polymer of Heparin with the molecular weight of 15kDa. Heparin sodium salt is an anticoagulant which binds reversibly to antithrombin III (ATIII) and greatly accelerates the rate at which ATIII inactivates coagulation enzymes thrombin factor IIa and factor Xa .
Org 43553 is an orally active and low molecular weight (LMW) luteinizing hormone receptor (LH-R) agonist. Org 43553 shows agonistic activity to human LH and FSH receptors with EC50 values of 3.7 and 110 nM, respectively. Org 43553 can be used for the research of endocrine .
Chitosan (MW 150000) (Deacetylated chitin (MW 150000)) is a polycationic linear polysaccharide derived from chitin with the molecular weight of 150000. Chitosan is an versatile biomaterial because of its non-toxicity, low allergenicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Chitosan also has antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities .
Chitosan (MW 30000) (Deacetylated chitin (MW 30000)) is a polycationic linear polysaccharide derived from chitin with the molecular weight of 30000. Chitosan is an versatile biomaterial because of its non-toxicity, low allergenicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Chitosan also has antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities .
(-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone (Garcinia lactone) is an anti-obesity agent and a popular weight loss food supplement. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone is a potent inhibitor of ATP-citrate lyase. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone catalyzes the extramitochondrial cleavage of citrate to oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA, limits the availability of acetyl-CoA units required for fatty acid synthesis .
Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium hydrate (Potassium citrate monohydrate) is the major active ingredient of Garcinia cambogia. Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium hydrate competitively inhibits ATP citrate lyase with weight loss benefits. Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium hydrate effective inhibits stones formation and also inhibits HIF, and has antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects .
Lithium citrate (Litarex) tetrahydrate is the major active ingredient of Garcinia cambogia. Lithium citrate tetrahydrate competitively inhibits ATP citrate lyase with weight loss benefits. Lithium citrate tetrahydrate effective inhibits stones formation and also inhibits HIF, and has antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects .
UKI-1 (WX-UK1) is a potent urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) inhibitor with a Ki of 0.41 μM. UKI-1 is also a low molecular weightserine protease inhibitor. UKI-1 is a potent antimetastatic agent and inhibits the invasive capacity of carcinoma cells .
Thiodigalactoside (TDG) is an orally active and potent galectin (GAL) inhibitor with Kd values of 24 μM, 49 μM for GAL1 and GAL3, respectively . Thiodigalactoside, a non-metabolizable disaccharide, has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity. Thiodigalactoside dramatically reduces body weight gain in diet-induced obese rats .
S-23 is an orally active selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) with a Ki of 1.7 nM. S-23 induces androgen receptor (AR)-mediated transcriptional activation in CV-1 cells. S-23 increases prostate, seminal vesicle, and levator ani muscle weights in castrated rats .
Aclimostat (ZGN-1061) is a potent inhibitor of the MetAP2 enzyme and displays favorable efficacy and safety in preclinical studies. ZGN-1061 produced similar efficacy as beloranib for weight loss, improvements in metabolic parameters in a mouse model of obesity and insulin resistance, and concordant changes in gene transcription in HepG2 cells .
MJ15 is a potent and selective CB1 receptor antagonist with a Ki of 27.2 pM and an IC50 of 118.9 pM for rat CB1 receptors. MJ15 exhibits potency in obesity and hyperlipidemia models. MJ15 inhibits food intake and increases in body weight in diet-induced obese rats and mice .
Surfen dihydrochloride is a potent HS (heparan sulfate) antagonist. Surfen binds to glycosaminoglycans. Surfen neutralizes the anticoagulant activity of both unfractionated and low molecular weight heparins. Surfen affects sulfation of heparin and inhibits degradation by heparin lyases. Surfen inhibits FGF2 binding and signaling. Surfen inhibits cell attachment, and virus infection .
Dextrins are a group of low molecular weight carbohydrates produced by the hydrolysis of starch. Dextrin is commonly used as a thickener, stabilizer or binder in a variety of foods including baked goods, beverages and confectionary. In addition, it is used in the production of adhesives, paper and textiles. Its unique chemical properties make it an important ingredient in a variety of industrial processes, especially in construction and packaging.
FOXO1-IN-3 is a highly-selective and orally active FOXO1 inhibitor. FOXO1-IN-3 reduces hepatic glucose production in mice. FOXO1-IN-3 improves insulin sensitivity and glucose control in db/db mice without causing weight gain .
BTK-IN-16 is a dual inhibitor of BTK wild type and C481S mutant of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) with IC50s of 5.1 and 4.1 μM. BTK-IN-16 can be used for the research of autoimmune diseases and chronic lymphocytic leukemia .
N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) is an organic solvent with blood-brain transmissibility and an FDA-approved drug excipient. N, N-dimethylacetamide exerts anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. N, N-dimethylacetamide can be used in studies of weight gain caused by a high-fat diet and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease .
TGFβRI-IN-4 is a highly potent and orally active TGFβ receptor type I (TGFβRI) inhibitor, with IC50s of 44 nM and 42.5 nM for ALK5 and NIH3T3. TGFβRI-IN-4 can suppress tumor growth and tumor weight in tumor xenograft model .
BMS-193885 (L-Lactic acid) is a potent, selective, and brain-penetrant neuropeptide Y1 receptor antagonist. BMS-193885 has a Ki value of 3.3 nM for the neuropeptide Y1 receptor, competitively acts on the neuropeptide Y binding site, and can reduce food intake and body weight through central Y1 inhibition .
Obestatin(rat), encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities .
Cepeginterferon alfa-2b is a pegylated interferon. And Cepeginterferon alfa-2b has PEG with molecular weight of 20 kDa as a pegylated base. Cepeginterferon alfa-2b can be used for research of various diseases, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) .
PEG2000-DMPE can be used to synthsis a LNP. PEG2000-DMPE enhances the entrapment efficiency depending on the increasing portion in the liposome. The optimal formulation for animal study is that DMPC/PEG2000-DMPE/CH=50/5/45 at the weight ratio of drug/lipid=1/20 .
Obestatin(rat) TFA, encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) TFA suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) TFA has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities .
GQ-16 is a moderate affinity ligand for the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of PPARγ, exhibiting a Ki of 160 nM. GQ-16 is an effective inhibitor of Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation of PPARγ. GQ-16 is a partial agonist of PPARγ with reduced adipogenic actions. GQ-16 promotes insulin Sensitization without weight gain .
Insulin efsitora alfa (LY-3209590) is a selective agonist of insulin receptor (IR). Insulin efsitora alfa is a fusion protein composed of human IR agonists fused with the crystallizable (Fc) domain of human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) fragment, with a molecular weight of 64.1 kDa. Insulin efsitora alfa is well tolerated and has potential applications in diabetes .
Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food.
URB447 is a peripherally restricted CB1 cannabinoid antagonist (IC50: 313 nM and 41 nM for rat CB1 and human CB2 receptor respectively ). URB447 lowers food intake and body-weight gain in mice without entering the brain or antagonizing central CB1-dependent responses. URB447 can be used for research of obesity .
Cotadutide (MEDI0382) acetate is a potent dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GCGR with EC50 values of 6.9 pM and 10.2 pM, respectively. Cotadutide acetate exhibits ability to facilitate both weight loss and glycaemic control, and alleviate fibrosis. Cotadutide acetate can be used in the research of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
Cotadutide (MEDI0382) is a potent dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GCGR with EC50 values of 6.9 pM and 10.2 pM, respectively. Cotadutide exhibits ability to facilitate both weight loss and glycaemic control, and alleviate fibrosis. Cotadutide can be used in the research of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
T18.3 aptamer sodium is an anticoagulant RNA aptamer targeting FV/Va and eliminates the interaction of FV/FVa with phospholipid membranes. T18.3 aptamer sodium exhibits clinically relevant anticoagulant activity in plasma and whole blood and acts synergistically with low molecular weight heparin. The anticoagulant activity of T18.3 aptamer sodium is effectively and rapidly reversed by protamine sulfate .
IFN alpha-IFNAR-IN-1 hydrochloride is a nonpeptidic, low-molecular-weight inhibitor of the interaction between IFN-α and IFNAR. IFN alpha-IFNAR-IN-1 hydrochloride inhibits modified Vaccinia virus ankara (MVA)-induced IFN-α responses in murine bone-marrow-derived, Flt3- L-differentiated pDC cultures (BM-pDCs) (IC50=2-8 μM) .
BMS-986172 is an orally active, highly selective MGAT2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.6 nM and 20 nM for hMGAT2 and mMGAT2, respectively. BMS-986172 has a T1/2>120 min in vitro assays. BMS-986172 reduces food intake and body weight. BMS-986172 has the potential for metabolic disorders such as obesity and NASH research .
Evans Blue (Direct Blue 53) is a potent inhibitor of L-glutamate uptake via the membrane bound excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT). Evans Blue is a L-glutamate and kainate receptor-mediated currents inhibitor. Evans Blue has a strong affinity towards serum albumin, making it a high molecular weight protein tracer. Evans Blue is also used to study BBB (blood-brain barrier) permeability .
Enoxaparin (PK 10169), a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) derivative. Enoxaparin exerts anticoagulant activity through antithrombin III, an endogenous inhibitor of factor Xa and thrombin IIa. Enoxaparin protect the rat hippocampus against TBI (traumatic brain injury) via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Enoxaparin can be used for the research of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, TBI and COVID-19 .
DMAA is an indirect sympathomimetic amine. DMAA constricts blood vessels and raises blood pressure. DMAA can be used for neurological and cardiovascular disease research .
SARS-CoV-2 nsp13-IN-4 (C4 (d)) is a potent and selective nsp13 helicase small-molecule inhibitor and inhibit the ssDNA+ ATPase activity of nsp13 with an IC50 value of 57 μM. SARS-CoV-2 nsp13-IN-4 is agentlike molecule with molecular weight of less than 450Da and can provide a broad-spectrum antiviral effect .
Gomisin J is a small molecular weight lignan found in Schisandra chinensis and has been demonstrated to have vasodilatory activity . Gomisin J suppresses lipid accumulation by regulating the expression of lipogenic and lipolytic enzymes and inflammatory molecules through activation of AMPK, LKB1 and Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and inhibition of fetuin-A in HepG2 cells. gomisin J has potential benefits in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease .
JBSNF-000088 (6-Methoxynicotinamide), a analog of nicotinamide (NA), is a potent and orally active Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) inhibitor with IC50s of 1.8 µM, 2.8 µM, and 5.0 µM for human NNMT, monkey NNMT and mouse NNMT, respectively. JBSNF-000088 inhibits NNMT activity, reduces MNA levels and drives insulin sensitization, glucose modulation and body weight reduction in animal models of metabolic disease .
(Rac)-RK-682, a racemate of RK-682, is a protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) inhibitor. (Rac)-RK-682 inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B), low molecular weightprotein tyrosine phosphatases (LMW-PTP), and cell division cycle 25B (CDC-25B) with IC50s of 8.6 μM, 12.4 μM, and 0.7 μM, respectively .
Cholest-5-ene-3ß,22(S)-diol ((22S)-Hydroxycholesterol) is an orally active oxysterol with no significant cytotoxic, oxidative, or inflammatory effects on human prokaryotic leukemia cells. Cholest-5-ene-3ß,22(S)-diol inhibits weight gain and increased serum triacylglycerol (TAG) levels in rat models .
H-Trp-Phe-OH is a dipeptide consisting of tryptophan and phenylalanine (Trp-Phe). H-Trp-Phe-OH is also an antihypertensive peptide with inhibitory activity on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), dose-dependently increases NO levels, and decreases endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels. H-Trp-Phe-OH (2 mg/kg; subcutaneous injection; 6 injections over 3 days) causes an increase in ovarian weight in female mice .
Oxazolone is a haptenizing agent that induces acute or chronic inflammation of the large intestine and is used to construct models of colitis. Oxazolone can cause Th1/Th2-dependent colitis with weight loss and diarrhea. Oxazolone-induced inflammation can be mitigated by neutralizing anti-IL-4 or anti-TNF-α antibodies or decoy IL-13R2-α-FC proteins .
CB1R/AMPK modulator 1 (Compound 38-S) is an orally active CB1R/AMPK modulator, with an Ki of 0.81 nM and an IC50 of 3.9 nM for CB1R. CB1R/AMPK modulator 1 activates AMPK. CB1R/AMPK modulator 1 reduces food intake and body weight, and improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity .
Citrullinated amyloid-β (1-42) peptide (human) (Citrullinated Aβ (1-42)) is a modified form of β-Amyloid (1-42) (HY-P1363) with a citrullination at the Arg5 site. Compared to the unmodified β-Amyloid (1-42), its formation of soluble low-molecular-weight oligomers is enhanced, the rate of fibril formation is reduced, and like unmodified Aβ42, it forms protofibrils comprised of parallel β-sheets .
GSK-LSD1 is a LSD1 inhibitor. GSK-LSD1 reduces food intake and body weight, and improves insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in mouse models of obesity. GSK-LSD1 also ameliorates NAFLD. GSK-LSD1 inhibits SARS-CoV-2-triggered cytokine release in COVID-19 PBMCs. GSK-LSD1 also inhibits cancer growth and metastasis .
U- 13C Cellulose from broccoli is the 13C labeled Cellulose (HY-B2221). Cellulose is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
U- 13C Cellulose from chicory is the 13C labeled Cellulose (HY-B2221). Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
PLGA-PEG-MAL (60kDA-3.4kDA, LA:GA ratio 75:25) is a kind of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG-Mal) nanoparticles. PLGA-PEG-MAL (60kDA-3.4kDA, LA:GA ratio 75:25) has a molecular weight of 60kDA to 3.4kDA and contains a 75:25 ratio of lactic acid (LA) to glycolic acid (GA) molecules .
PLGA-PEG-MAL (20kDA-5.0kDA, LA:GA ratio 40:60) is a kind of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG-Mal) nanoparticles. PLGA-PEG-MAL (20kDA-5.0kDA, LA:GA ratio 40:60) has a molecular weight of 60kDA to 3.4kDA and contains a 75:25 ratio of lactic acid (LA) to glycolic acid (GA) molecules .
U- 13C Cellulose high DP from potato is the 13C labeled Cellulose (HY-B2221). Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
U- 13C Cellulose high DP from maize is the 13C labeled Cellulose (HY-B2221). Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
D5D-IN-326 is a selective, orally active delta-5 desaturase (D5D) inhibitor, with IC50s of 72 and 22 nM for rat and human D5D in enzymic and cell-based assays, respectively, has no effect on D6D or D9D activity. D5D-IN-326 reduces insulin resistance and decreases body weight in diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice .
RS-102221 is a selective 5-HT2C receptor antagonist (Ki=10 nM). RS-102221 shows nearly 100-fold selectivity for the 5-HT2C receptor as compared to the 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors. RS-102221 can promote the differentiation of new nerve cells. RS-102221 increases food-intake and weight-gain in rats .
RS-102221 hydrochloride is a selective 5-HT2C receptor antagonist (Ki=10 nM). RS-102221 hydrochloride shows nearly 100-fold selectivity for the 5-HT2C receptor as compared to the 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors. RS-102221 hydrochloride can promote the differentiation of new nerve cells. RS-102221 hydrochloride increases food-intake and weight-gain in rats .
Angiotensin I- 13C19, 15N3 (human, mouse, rat) is the 13C and 15N labeled Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat) (HY-P1032). Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
PLGA-PEG-MAL (20kDA-5.0kDA, LA:GA ratio 50:50) is a kind of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG-Mal) nanoparticles. PLGA-PEG-MAL (20kDA-5.0kDA, LA:GA ratio 50:50) has a molecular weight of 20kDA to 5.0kDA and contains a 50:50 ratio of lactic acid (LA) to glycolic acid (GA) molecules. The molecular ratio of LA to GA determines the rate of matrix degradation and protein re-release .
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) particles contain low molecular weight species that are cytotoxic and proatherogenic. Many of these species were recently isolated and purified from oxLDL and identified as phosphatidylcholine species containing fragmented oxidized short-chain fatty acid residues at the sn-2 position. 1-(Palmitoyl)-2-(5-keto-6-octene-dioyl)phosphatidylcholine or KOdiA-PC is one of the most potent CD36 ligands of the oxLDL species. KOdiA-PC confers CD36 scavenger receptor binding affinity to LDL at a frequency of only 2 to 3 KOdiA-PC molecules/LDL particle and may be one of the more important structural determinants of oxLDL.
Fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) is well suited for discovering both drug leads and chemical probes of protein function; it can cover broad swaths of chemical space and allows the use of creative chemistry. Fragment-based drug discovery is well-established in industry and has resulted in a variety of drugs entering clinical trials, with two, vemurafenib and venetoclax, already approved. FBDD also has key attractions for academia. Notably, it is able to tackle difficult or novel targets for which no chemical matter may be found in existing HTS collections.
MCE designs a unique collection of 22451 fragment compounds, all of which obey a heuristic rule called the “Rule of Three (RO3) ”, in which molecular weight ≤300 Da, the number of hydrogen bond donors (H-donors) ≤3, the number of hydrogen bond acceptors (H-acceptors) is ≤3 and cLogP is ≤3. This library is an important source of lead-like drugs.
19F-NMR has proved to be a detection mode in fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) for studies of protein structure and interactions. 19F shows high sensitivity for NMR detection, and the exquisite sensitivity of 19F chemical shifts and linewidths to ligand binding all make it a valuable approach in FBDD.F (Fluorine) -Fragments can be used for 19F-NMR detection after binding to target proteins, and can be used as an effective 19F-NMR tool for FBDD.
MCE designs a unique collection of 4973 F-fragments, all of which obey a heuristic rule called the “Rule of Three (RO3)”, in which molecular weight ≤300 Da, the number of hydrogen bond donors (H-donors) ≤3, the number of hydrogen bond acceptors (H-acceptors) is ≤3 and cLogP is ≤3. This F-fragments library is an important source of lead-like drugs.
NBD-F (4-Fluoro-7-nitrobenzofurazan) is a pro-fluorescent reagent which is developed for amino acid analysis. NBD-F reacts with primary or secondary amines to produce a fluorescent product and used for analysis of amino acids and low molecular weight amines .
Chitosanase is a glycosyl hydrolase that catalyzes the endo hydrolysis of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds of partially acetylated chitosan to release chitosan oligosaccharides (COS). Chitosanases can convert high molecular weight chitosan into functional chitooligosaccharides with low molecular weight .
Heparinase (Heparinase I) degrades heparin to oligosaccharide or unsaturated disaccharide. Heparinase can be used in the preparation of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) .
PEG200 (Polyethylene glycol 200), a neutral polymer of molecular weight 300, is a water-soluble, low immunogenic and biocompatible polymer formed by repeating units of ethylene glycol .
PEG300 (Polyethylene glycol 300), a neutral polymer of molecular weight 300, is a water-soluble, low immunogenic and biocompatible polymer formed by repeating units of ethylene glycol .
Poly(acrylic acid) (MW 450000) is a polyacrylic acid with a molecular weight of 450000. Poly(acrylic acid) (MW 450000) is an anionic polymer. Poly(acrylic acid) (MW 450000) can be as a corrosion-mitigating and surface-stabilizing agent .
Bacterial α-Amylase catalyses the hydrolysis of internal α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in starch in low molecular weight products, such glucose, maltose and maltotriose units. Bacterial α-Amylase is often used in biochemical studies .
Cesium chloride is a blocker of potassium channel. Cesium chloride prevents the decrease of Na + transport produced by Alloxan . Cesium chloride has induced cardiac arrhythmias, including torsade de pointes in animal models .
Lithium citrate (Litarex) tetrahydrate is the major active ingredient of Garcinia cambogia. Lithium citrate tetrahydrate competitively inhibits ATP citrate lyase with weight loss benefits. Lithium citrate tetrahydrate effective inhibits stones formation and also inhibits HIF, and has antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects .
Dextrins are a group of low molecular weight carbohydrates produced by the hydrolysis of starch. Dextrin is commonly used as a thickener, stabilizer or binder in a variety of foods including baked goods, beverages and confectionary. In addition, it is used in the production of adhesives, paper and textiles. Its unique chemical properties make it an important ingredient in a variety of industrial processes, especially in construction and packaging.
N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) is an organic solvent with blood-brain transmissibility and an FDA-approved drug excipient. N, N-dimethylacetamide exerts anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. N, N-dimethylacetamide can be used in studies of weight gain caused by a high-fat diet and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease .
PEG2000-DMPE can be used to synthsis a LNP. PEG2000-DMPE enhances the entrapment efficiency depending on the increasing portion in the liposome. The optimal formulation for animal study is that DMPC/PEG2000-DMPE/CH=50/5/45 at the weight ratio of drug/lipid=1/20 .
Evans Blue (Direct Blue 53) is a potent inhibitor of L-glutamate uptake via the membrane bound excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT). Evans Blue is a L-glutamate and kainate receptor-mediated currents inhibitor. Evans Blue has a strong affinity towards serum albumin, making it a high molecular weight protein tracer. Evans Blue is also used to study BBB (blood-brain barrier) permeability .
β-1,3-1,4-Glucanase catalyzes the hydrolysis ofβ-glucan into low molecular weight glucose polymers, thus reducing the hydrophilicity and viscosity of chyme and eliminating the anti-nutritional negative effect. β-1,3-1,4-glucanase can improve feed intake, enhance animal production, regulate cecal microbiota and increase feed conversion ratio .
Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 85000-124000, 99+% hydrolyzed) is a polyvinyl alcohol with a molecular weight of 85000-124000 and hydrolytic properties. The degree of hydrolysis refers to the degree to which the acetate groups in the original polyvinyl acetate are converted into hydroxyl groups during the hydrolysis process. Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 85000-124000, 99+% hydrolyzed) is the hydrolysis and removal of acetate groups after the polymerization of ethylene acetate. And polyvinyl alcohol is obtained. Polyvinyl alcohol with different degrees of hydrolysis can be used to self-crosslink to form cryogel, which can be used as biological excipients .
Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 146000-186000, 99+% hydrolyzed) is a polyvinyl alcohol with a molecular weight of 146000-186000 and hydrolytic properties. The degree of hydrolysis refers to the degree to which the acetate groups in the original polyvinyl acetate are converted into hydroxyl groups during the hydrolysis process. Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 146000-186000, 99+% hydrolyzed) is the hydrolysis and removal of acetate groups after the polymerization of ethylene acetate. And polyvinyl alcohol is obtained. Polyvinyl alcohol with different degrees of hydrolysis can be used to self-crosslink to form cryogel, which can be used as biological excipients .
Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 30000-70000, 87-90% hydrolyzed) is a polyvinyl alcohol with a molecular weight of 30000-70000 and hydrolytic properties. The degree of hydrolysis refers to the degree to which the acetate groups in the original polyvinyl acetate are converted into hydroxyl groups during the hydrolysis process. Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 30000-70000, 87-90% hydrolyzed) is the hydrolysis and removal of acetate groups after the polymerization of ethylene acetate. And polyvinyl alcohol is obtained. A degree of hydrolysis of 87-90% indicates that a large part of the acetate groups have been removed, resulting in a large number of hydroxyl groups in the PVA structure. Polyvinyl alcohol with different degrees of hydrolysis can be used to self-crosslink to form cryogel, which can be used as biological excipients .
Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 146000-186000, 87-89% hydrolyzed) is a polyvinyl alcohol with a molecular weight of 146000-186000 and hydrolytic properties. The degree of hydrolysis refers to the degree to which the acetate groups in the original polyvinyl acetate are converted into hydroxyl groups during the hydrolysis process. Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 146000-186000, 87-89% hydrolyzed) is the hydrolysis and removal of acetate groups after the polymerization of ethylene acetate. And polyvinyl alcohol is obtained. A degree of hydrolysis of 87-89% indicates that a large part of the acetate groups have been removed, resulting in a large number of hydroxyl groups in the PVA structure. Polyvinyl alcohol with different degrees of hydrolysis can be used to self-crosslink to form cryogel, which can be used as biological excipient .
Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 13000-23000, 87-89% hydrolyzed) is a polyvinyl alcohol with a molecular weight of 130000-23000 and hydrolytic properties. The degree of hydrolysis refers to the degree to which the acetate groups in the original polyvinyl acetate are converted into hydroxyl groups during the hydrolysis process. Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 13000-23000, 87-89% hydrolyzed) is the hydrolysis and removal of acetate groups after the polymerization of ethylene acetate. And polyvinyl alcohol is obtained. A degree of hydrolysis of 87-89% indicates that a large part of the acetate groups have been removed, resulting in a large number of hydroxyl groups in the PVA structure. Polyvinyl alcohol with different degrees of hydrolysis can be used to self-crosslink to form cryogel, which can be used as biological excipient .
Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw 85000-124000, 87-89% hydrolyzed) is a polyvinyl alcohol with a molecular weight of 85000-124000 and hydrolytic properties. The degree of hydrolysis refers to the degree to which the acetate groups in the original polyvinyl acetate are converted into hydroxyl groups during the hydrolysis process. Polyvinyl alcohol (Mw? 85000-124000, 87-89% hydrolyzed) is the hydrolysis and removal of acetate groups after the polymerization of ethylene acetate. And polyvinyl alcohol is obtained. A degree of hydrolysis of 87-89% indicates that a large part of the acetate groups have been removed, resulting in a large number of hydroxyl groups in the PVA structure. Polyvinyl alcohol with different degrees of hydrolysis can be used to self-crosslink to form cryogel, which can be used as biological excipient .
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) particles contain low molecular weight species that are cytotoxic and proatherogenic. Many of these species were recently isolated and purified from oxLDL and identified as phosphatidylcholine species containing fragmented oxidized short-chain fatty acid residues at the sn-2 position. 1-(Palmitoyl)-2-(5-keto-6-octene-dioyl)phosphatidylcholine or KOdiA-PC is one of the most potent CD36 ligands of the oxLDL species. KOdiA-PC confers CD36 scavenger receptor binding affinity to LDL at a frequency of only 2 to 3 KOdiA-PC molecules/LDL particle and may be one of the more important structural determinants of oxLDL.
Obestatin(human) is a 23-amino acid amidated peptide that regulates appetite and gastrointestinal motility via its interaction with GPR39. Obestatin(human) can be used for weight loss. Obestatin(human) cannot penetrate the cell membrane .
Cagrilintide acetate is a non-selective AMYR/CTR agonist and long-acting acylated amylase analogue. Cagrilintide acetate causes a reduction in food intake and significant weight loss in a dose-dependent manner. Cagrilintide acetate can be used in obesity studies .
Galanin-Like Peptide (human) is a 60 amino acid neuropeptide. Galanin-Like Peptide (human) plays an important role in the regulation of feeding, body weight and energy metabolism .
Galanin-Like Peptide (rat) is a 60 amino acid neuropeptide. Galanin-Like Peptide (rat) plays an important role in the regulation of feeding, body weight and energy metabolism .
Cagrilintide is an investigational novel long-acting acylated amylin analogue, acts as nonselective amylin receptors (AMYR) and calcitonin G protein-coupled receptor (CTR) agonist. Cagrilintide induces significant weight loss and reduces food intake. Cagrilintide has the potential for the research of obesity .
GLP-1(32-36)amide, a pentapeptide, derived from the C terminus of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1. GLP-1(32-36)amide could inhibit weight gain and modulate whole body glucose metabolism in diabetic mice .
GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA, a pentapeptide, derived from the C terminus of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1. GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA could inhibit weight gain and modulate whole body glucose metabolism in diabetic mice .
Beinaglutide is a human GLP-1 polypeptide that shares almost 100% homology with human GLP-1 (7–36). Beinaglutide displays does-dependent effects in glycemic control, inhibiting food intake and gastric empty and promoting weight loss. Beinaglutide has the potential for the research of overweight/obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) .
Melittin is a PLA2 activator, stimulates the activity of the low molecular weight PLA2, while it does not the increase activity of the high molecular weight PLA2 .
Melittin TFA is a PLA2 activator, stimulates the activity of the low molecular weight PLA2, while it does not the increase activity of the high molecular weight PLA2 .
Chitosanase is a glycosyl hydrolase that catalyzes the endo hydrolysis of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds of partially acetylated chitosan to release chitosan oligosaccharides (COS). Chitosanases can convert high molecular weight chitosan into functional chitooligosaccharides with low molecular weight .
Ac-hMCH(6-16)-NH2 binds to and activates equally well both human MCH receptors present in the brain (non-selective agonist), with IC50 values of 0.16 nM and 2.7 nM for MCH-1R and MCH-2R .
Heparinase (Heparinase I) degrades heparin to oligosaccharide or unsaturated disaccharide. Heparinase can be used in the preparation of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) .
Adipokinetic hormone Gryllus bimaculatus (Grybi-AKH) is an adipokinetic hormone that regulates energy homeostasis in insects by mobilizing lipid and carbohydrate from the fat body. Adipokinetic hormone Gryllus bimaculatus stimulates the locomotor activity of the two-spotted cricket. Adipokinetic hormone Gryllus bimaculatus can also be used in studies to regulate body weight, induce weight loss and alleviate glycogen storage disorders in humans .
Obestatin(human) TFA is an endogenous peptide derived from the same prepropeptide as ghrelin. Obestatin(human) suppresses food intake and reduce body weight-gain in rats.
Hexa-arginine, consisting of six arginines, is a polycationic peptide that can penetrate cells efficiently and is mainly used for the intracellular delivery of low-molecular-weight agents, biomolecules, and particles .
EILEVPST is a recombinant human fibronectinderived low-molecular-weightpeptide fragment. EILEVPST can promote cell type-specific α4 integrin-mediated adhesion. EILEVPST can be used for the research of thrombogenesis .
Delparantag (PMX-60056) is a salicylamide derivative and an effective unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) reversing agent. Delparantag shows ability to neutralize the anticoagulation and bleeding effects of UFH and LMWH .
Obestatin(11-23)mouse, rat is a polypeptide involved in regulating energy balance and inhibiting eating. Obestatin(11-23)mouse, rat causes reduced food intake, body weight, and jejunal contractions in rodents .
Elafin,also known as elafin-specific inhibitor (ESI) or skin anti-leucoprotease (SKALP), is a low molecular weight inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) and proteinase 3 in lung. Elafin is antibiotic against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus .
NN1177 (NNC9204-1177) TFA is a long-acting GLP-1/glucagon receptor co-agonist. NN1177 TFA can induce a dose-dependent body weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice .
Hyaluronan-IN-1 is a biological active peptide. (This 12 amino acids peptide is a hyaluronan inhibitor (HA), a high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan expressed abundantly in the extracellular matrix and on cell surfaces. This peptide shows specific binding to soluble, immobilized, and cell-associated forms of HA, and it inhibits leukocyte adhesion to HA substrates almost completely.)
Neuromedin S (human) is a neuropeptide that contains 33 amino acids.? Neuromedin S (human)has been identified in the brain as an endogenous ligand for the orphan G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) FM-4/TGR-1 and acts on the neuromedin U (NMU) receptor 2 (NMUR2) in the regulation of body weight homeostasis .
Obestatin(rat), encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities .
Obestatin(rat) TFA, encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) TFA suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) TFA has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities .
Cotadutide (MEDI0382) acetate is a potent dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GCGR with EC50 values of 6.9 pM and 10.2 pM, respectively. Cotadutide acetate exhibits ability to facilitate both weight loss and glycaemic control, and alleviate fibrosis. Cotadutide acetate can be used in the research of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
Cotadutide (MEDI0382) is a potent dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GCGR with EC50 values of 6.9 pM and 10.2 pM, respectively. Cotadutide exhibits ability to facilitate both weight loss and glycaemic control, and alleviate fibrosis. Cotadutide can be used in the research of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
H-Trp-Phe-OH is a dipeptide consisting of tryptophan and phenylalanine (Trp-Phe). H-Trp-Phe-OH is also an antihypertensive peptide with inhibitory activity on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), dose-dependently increases NO levels, and decreases endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels. H-Trp-Phe-OH (2 mg/kg; subcutaneous injection; 6 injections over 3 days) causes an increase in ovarian weight in female mice .
Citrullinated amyloid-β (1-42) peptide (human) (Citrullinated Aβ (1-42)) is a modified form of β-Amyloid (1-42) (HY-P1363) with a citrullination at the Arg5 site. Compared to the unmodified β-Amyloid (1-42), its formation of soluble low-molecular-weight oligomers is enhanced, the rate of fibril formation is reduced, and like unmodified Aβ42, it forms protofibrils comprised of parallel β-sheets .
Angiotensin I- 13C19, 15N3 (human, mouse, rat) is the 13C and 15N labeled Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat) (HY-P1032). Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
Lanadelumab (SHP643) is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against plasma kallikrein (pKal) with an Ki value of 0.12 nM. Lanadelumab inhibits both free and HMWK (high molecular weight kininogen)-bound pKal. Lanadelumab has the potential for the research of hereditary angioedema .
Insulin efsitora alfa (LY-3209590) is a selective agonist of insulin receptor (IR). Insulin efsitora alfa is a fusion protein composed of human IR agonists fused with the crystallizable (Fc) domain of human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) fragment, with a molecular weight of 64.1 kDa. Insulin efsitora alfa is well tolerated and has potential applications in diabetes .
Cepeginterferon alfa-2b is a pegylated interferon. And Cepeginterferon alfa-2b has PEG with molecular weight of 20 kDa as a pegylated base. Cepeginterferon alfa-2b can be used for research of various diseases, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) .
Synephrine (Oxedrine) hydrochloride, an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine hydrochloride is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss .
Synephrine (Oxedrine), an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss .
Synephrine (Oxedrine) hemitartrate, an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine hemitartrate is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss .
Synephrine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Synephrine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Synephrine (Oxedrine), an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss .
Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative, contributes to weight loss in mice. Guanidine hydrochloride is the compound derived from G. officinalis, which gave rise to the biguanides, metformin and phenformin. Galegine hydrochloride activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myotubes, as well as in the H4IIE rat hepatoma and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Galegine hydrochloride has antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus strains .
Trans-2-Hexenal can be used for the determination of low-molecular-weight carbonyl compounds which are reactive with biological nucleophiles in biological samples .
(-)-Hydroxycitric acid (Garcinia acid) is the principal acid of fruit rinds of Garcinia cambogia. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid is a potent and competitive and orally active inhibitor of ATP citrate lyase. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid suppresses the fatty acid synthesis, lipogenesis, food intake, and induced weight loss .
(-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone (Garcinia lactone) is an anti-obesity agent and a popular weight loss food supplement. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone is a potent inhibitor of ATP-citrate lyase. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone catalyzes the extramitochondrial cleavage of citrate to oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA, limits the availability of acetyl-CoA units required for fatty acid synthesis .
Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium hydrate (Potassium citrate monohydrate) is the major active ingredient of Garcinia cambogia. Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium hydrate competitively inhibits ATP citrate lyase with weight loss benefits. Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium hydrate effective inhibits stones formation and also inhibits HIF, and has antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects .
Lithium citrate (Litarex) tetrahydrate is the major active ingredient of Garcinia cambogia. Lithium citrate tetrahydrate competitively inhibits ATP citrate lyase with weight loss benefits. Lithium citrate tetrahydrate effective inhibits stones formation and also inhibits HIF, and has antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effects .
Dextrins are a group of low molecular weight carbohydrates produced by the hydrolysis of starch. Dextrin is commonly used as a thickener, stabilizer or binder in a variety of foods including baked goods, beverages and confectionary. In addition, it is used in the production of adhesives, paper and textiles. Its unique chemical properties make it an important ingredient in a variety of industrial processes, especially in construction and packaging.
Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food.
DMAA is an indirect sympathomimetic amine. DMAA constricts blood vessels and raises blood pressure. DMAA can be used for neurological and cardiovascular disease research .
Gomisin J is a small molecular weight lignan found in Schisandra chinensis and has been demonstrated to have vasodilatory activity . Gomisin J suppresses lipid accumulation by regulating the expression of lipogenic and lipolytic enzymes and inflammatory molecules through activation of AMPK, LKB1 and Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and inhibition of fetuin-A in HepG2 cells. gomisin J has potential benefits in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease .
LMW-PTP/ACP1, a phosphatase, acts on tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, low-molecular-weight aryl phosphates, and natural and synthetic acyl phosphates. Notably, there are substrate specificity differences between isoform 1 and isoform 2, with isoform 2 lacking phosphatase activity. LMW-PTP/ACP1 Protein, Human (C-His) is the recombinant human-derived LMW-PTP/ACP1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of LMW-PTP/ACP1 Protein, Human (C-His) is 157 a.a., with molecular weight of ~18.0 kDa.
Kininogen-1 is a key regulator in the coagulation process, inhibiting thiol proteases and strategically targeting prekallikrein and factor XI for coagulation regulation. HMW-kininogen prevents thrombin and plasmin-induced platelet aggregation and aids in hemostasis. Kininogen-1 Protein, Human (409a.a, HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived Kininogen-1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of Kininogen-1 Protein, Human (409a.a, HEK293, His) is 409 a.a., with molecular weight of ~63.0 kDa.
LMW-PTP/ACP1, a phosphatase, acts on tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, low-molecular-weight aryl phosphates, and natural and synthetic acyl phosphates. Notably, there are substrate specificity differences between isoform 1 and isoform 2, with isoform 2 lacking phosphatase activity. LMW-PTP/ACP1 Protein, Human (GST) is the recombinant human-derived LMW-PTP/ACP1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-GST labeled tag. The total length of LMW-PTP/ACP1 Protein, Human (GST) is 158 a.a., with molecular weight of ~40 kDa.
N-Isovalerylglycine-d9 is the deuterium labeled N-Isovaleroylglycine. N-Isovaleroylglycine is an acyl glycine and could be used as a biomarker for the predispositon for weight gain and obesity.
Chrysene-d12 is the deuterium labeled Chrysene. Chrysene is a high molecular weight (HMW), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) known for its recalcitrance and carcinogenic properties[1].
N-Isovaleroylglycine-d2 is the deuterium labeled N-Isovaleroylglycine. N-Isovaleroylglycine is an acyl glycine and could be used as a biomarker for the predispositon for weight gain and obesity.
Megestrol-d5 is the deuterium labeled Megestrol. Megestrol is a synthetic progestin and used for the treatment of anorexia, cachexia, or an unexplained significant weight loss in patients with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome diagnosis[1][2].
U- 13C Cellulose from broccoli is the 13C labeled Cellulose (HY-B2221). Cellulose is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
U- 13C Cellulose from chicory is the 13C labeled Cellulose (HY-B2221). Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
U- 13C Cellulose high DP from potato is the 13C labeled Cellulose (HY-B2221). Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
U- 13C Cellulose high DP from maize is the 13C labeled Cellulose (HY-B2221). Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
Angiotensin I- 13C19, 15N3 (human, mouse, rat) is the 13C and 15N labeled Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat) (HY-P1032). Cellulose (Pectin glycosidase) is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide found in many plants and organisms. It is widely used in manufacturing industries, such as in paper making, textiles, food and medicine, etc. As a renewable resource, Cellulose is biodegradable and sustainable, and can also be used to manufacture chemicals such as Cellulose Esters, Cellulose Acetate and Cellulose Nitrate. In addition, Cellulose is often used as a food additive to increase the stability and quality of food .
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