Autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B

Definition:

Lipid transfer protein required for both autophagosome formation and regulation of lipid droplet morphology and dispersion. Tethers the edge of the isolation membrane (IM) to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mediates direct lipid transfer from ER to IM for IM expansion. Binds to the ER exit site (ERES), which is the membrane source for autophagosome formation, and extracts phospholipids from the membrane source and transfers them to ATG9 (ATG9A or ATG9B) to the IM for membrane expansion (By similarity). Lipid transfer activity is enhanced by WDR45/WIPI4, which promotes ATG2B-association with phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PI3P)-containing membranes.

References:

[1]. Takuo Osawa, et al. Human ATG2B possesses a lipid transfer activity which is accelerated by negatively charged lipids and WIPI4. Genes Cells. 2020 Jan;25(1):65-70. [Content Brief]

[2]. Anoop Kumar G Velikkakath, et al. Mammalian Atg2 proteins are essential for autophagosome formation and important for regulation of size and distribution of lipid droplets. Mol Biol Cell. 2012 Mar;23(5):896-909. [Content Brief]

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