Mannose-binding Protein

Mannose-binding protein (MBP, also known as mannose-binding lectin or MBL) is a calcium-dependent collectin that initiates the lectin pathway of complement activation. Circulating as oligomers of trimeric subunits assembled from collagen-like tails and carbohydrate-recognition heads, it binds mannose, fucose, and N-acetylglucosamine patterns displayed by bacteria, fungi, and viruses, while ignoring host glycosylation. Surface-bound MBL recruits the MASP-1 and MASP-2 serine proteases, generating the C4b2a convertase in the same fashion as the classical pathway. Common MBL2 gene variants sharply reduce serum levels, and MBL deficiency is associated with childhood respiratory infections and increased infection risk during immunosuppression, which has driven interest in MBL replacement research.