Labeling Chemistry

BODIPY493/503 is a BODIPY dye. BODIPY dye is a small molecule dye with strong ultraviolet absorption ability, its fluorescence peak is relatively sharp, and the quantum yield is high. They are relatively insensitive to the polarity and pH of the environment and are relatively stable under different physiological conditions. Due to its structural asymmetry, BODIPY derives a variety of structural products. BODIPY lipid droplet dyes can well pass through the cell membrane into the cell, and localize the neutral lipids in the cell to specifically stain the lipid droplets, which can be used for labeling of live cells and fixed cells. Maximum excitation/emission wavelength: 493/503 nm.

DiR is a long-chain carbocyanine dye. Carbocyanine dyes are widely used as Di to label cells, organelles, liposomes, viruses and lipoproteins.

FITC (Fluorescein Isothiocyanate), is one of the green fluorescein derivatives widely used in biology. FITC has the characteristics of high absorptivity and excellent fluorescence quantum yield. The isothiocyanate group of FITC can be combined with amino, sulfhydryl, imidazole, tyrosyl, carbonyl and other groups on the protein, so as to achieve protein labeling including antibodies and lectins. In addition to its use as a protein marker, FITC can also be used as a fluorescent protein tracer to rapidly identify pathogens by labeling antibodies, or for microsequencing of proteins and peptides (HPLC). The maximum excitation wavelength of FITC is 494 nm. Once excited, it fluoresces yellow-green at a maximum emission wavelength of 520 nm. In addition, FITC is also a hapten that can induce contact hypersensitivity (CHS) and induce an atopic dermatitis model.

Cy5.5 is a CY dye. CY, short for Cyanine, is a compound consisting of two nitrogen atoms connected by an odd number of methyl units. Cyanine compounds have the characteristics of long wavelength, adjustable absorption and emission, high extinction coefficient, good water solubility and relatively simple synthesis. CY dyes are of en used for the labeling of proteins, antibodies and small molecular compounds. For the labeling of protein antibodies, the combination can be completed through a simple mixing reaction. Below, we introduce the labeling method of protein antibody labeling, which has certain reference significance.

Rhodamine dyes are membrane-permeable cationic fluorescent probes that specifically recognize mitochondrial membrane potentials, thereby attaching to mitochondria and producing bright fluorescence, and at certain concentrations, rhodamine dyes have low toxicity to cells, so they are commonly used to detect mitochondria in animal cells, plant cells, and microorganisms.

BODIPY-cholesterol is an intrinsically lipophilic, and cell-permeable analog of cholesterol with a fluorescent BODIPY group. BODIPY-cholesterol can be used to monitor sterol uptake and inter-organelle sterol flux in cells. (Excitation/Emission: 505/515 nm).

Coelenteramine 400a (Coelenterazine 400a), a derivative of Coelenterazine, is a Renilla luciferase (RLuc) substrate. In the presence of Coelenteramine 400a, RLuc can emit blue light at 395 nm. Coelenterazine 400a will causes color change in the bioluminescence reaction of Rluc by replacing the sulfur and oxygen heteroatoms of the methylene bridge. Coelenterazine 400a provides higher signal resolution and can be used in the research of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET).

Tartrazine (Acid Yellow 23; FD&C Yellow No. 5) is an orally active azo acid dye, orange-yellow powder, soluble in water and turns yellow. Tartrazine is mainly used as a synthetic lemon yellow azo dye for food coloring. Tartrazine is the most stable colorant.Tartrazine induces mitochondria-mediated Apoptosis. Tartrazine can cause neurodevelopmental toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity.

CY5 is a CY dye. CY, short for Cyanine, is a compound consisting of two nitrogen atoms connected by an odd number of methyl units. Cyanine compounds have the characteristics of long wavelength, adjustable absorption and emission, high extinction coefficient, good water solubility and relatively simple synthesis. CY dyes are of en used for the labeling of proteins, antibodies and small molecular compounds. For the labeling of protein antibodies, the combination can be completed through a simple mixing reaction. Below, we introduce the labeling method of protein antibody labeling, which has certain reference significance.

FITC-Dextran (MW 70000) is a compound belonging to the class of fluorescent dyes. It is commonly used in biomedical research as a tracer molecule to label and track cells or other biological matter. FITC-Dextran consists of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and dextran, a complex carbohydrate derived from starch. The combination of the two creates a stable fluorescent tracer that can be viewed under a microscope or quantified using specialized detection instruments.

Rhodamine dyes are membrane-permeable cationic fluorescent probes that specifically recognize mitochondrial membrane potentials, thereby attaching to mitochondria and producing bright fluorescence, and at certain concentrations, rhodamine dyes have low toxicity to cells, so they are commonly used to detect mitochondria in animal cells, plant cells, and microorganisms.

Biotinyl tyramide is a biotin derivative used for tyramide signal amplification (TSA), as a reagent to amplify both immunohistochemical signals and in situ hybridization protocols. Biotinyl tyramide can be used for the research of tyramide signal amplification.

Cy5-SE (Cy5 NHS Ester) is a reactive dye for the labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides. This dye requires small amount of organic co-solvent (such as DMF or DMSO) to be used in labeling reaction. This reagent is ideal for very cost-efficient labeling of soluble proteins, as well as all kinds of peptides and oligonucleotides. This reagent also works well in organic solvents for small molecule labeling. Excitation (nm):649, Emission (nm): 670.

Halo tag TMR is a red fluorescent dye composed of Halo tag ligand molecules and TMR (TAMRA). Halo tag can quickly and stably covalently bind to Halo protein with high specificity and affinity (Ex/Em = 550/576 nm).

BODIPY493/503 methyl bromide is a BODIPY dye. BODIPY dye is a small molecule dye with strong ultraviolet absorption ability, its fluorescence peak is relatively sharp, and the quantum yield is high. They are relatively insensitive to the polarity and pH of the environment and are relatively stable under different physiological conditions. Due to its structural asymmetry, BODIPY derives a variety of structural products. BODIPY lipid droplet dyes can well pass through the cell membrane into the cell, and localize the neutral lipids in the cell to specifically stain the lipid droplets, which can be used for labeling of live cells and fixed cells. Maximum excitation/emission wavelength: 493/503 nm.

EthD bromide is an intercalating agent commonly used as a fluorescent tag (nucleic acid stain) in molecular biology laboratories for techniques such as agarose gel electrophoresis.

Biotin NHS is an amino reactive biotin reagent used in the preparation of biotinylated surfaces or polypeptides.

DIDS sodium salt (MDL101114ZA) is a dual inhibitor of ABCA1 and VDAC1. DIDS also inhibits RAD51, inhibiting RAD51-mediated homologous pairing and strand exchange reactions. DIDS inhibits anion exchange and binding to red blood cell membranes, inhibits the activation of caspase-3 and -9, and can be used in cancer research.

Rhodamine dyes are membrane-permeable cationic fluorescent probes that specifically recognize mitochondrial membrane potentials, thereby attaching to mitochondria and producing bright fluorescence, and at certain concentrations, rhodamine dyes have low toxicity to cells, so they are commonly used to detect mitochondria in animal cells, plant cells, and microorganisms.

Fluorescein (Uranine) sodium is widely used as a fluorescent tracer in medicinal and biological applications and tumor infected tissues tracer. Fluorescein (Uranine) sodium is a representative green fluorophore that has been widely used as a scaffold of practically useful green fluorescent probes.