Deuterium (²H, D)

Deucravacitinib (BMS-986165) is an orally active allosteric inhibitor of tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), with an IC₅₀ of 0.2 nM and a K_i of 0.02 nM against the JH2 domain of TYK2, and it exhibits selectivity over other JAK subtypes and most of the kinome. Deucravacitinib blocks IL-23, IL-12, p-STAT1/3 and Type I IFN signaling, and inhibits Th17/Th1-mediated psoriasis inflammation. Deucravacitinib can be used in research related to moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Exatecan-d₅ (DX8951f-d₅) mesylate is deuterium labeled Exatecan mesylate (HY-13631A). Exatecan mesylate is a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 2.2 μM (0.975 μg/mL). Exatecan mesylate can be used in cancer research.

MMAE-d₈ is a deuterated labeled MMAE, a potent mitotic inhibitor and a tubulin inhibitor.

DXd-d₅ is a deuterium labeled DXd. DXd is a potent DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 0.31 μM, used as a conjugated drug of HER2-targeting ADC (DS-8201a) .

L-Tryptophan-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Tryptophan. L-Tryptophan (Tryptophan) is an essential amino acid that is the precursor of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3.

16:0-18:1 PE-d₃₁ is deuterium labeled 16:0-18:1 PE.

Deuruxolitinib (CTP-543; Ruxolitinib-d₈) is a deuterated analog of Ruxolitinib (HY-50856) and an orally active, selective inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2. Deuruxolitinib blocks Janus kinase-mediated cytokine receptor signaling and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression. Deuruxolitinib is primarily metabolized in the liver via CYP2C9. Deuruxolitinib promotes scalp hair regrowth in severe chronic alopecia areata. Deuruxolitinib is used in alopecia areata-related research.

Fumaric acid-d₄ is the d₄-labeled Fumaric acid (HY-W015883). Fumaric acid is an unsaturated dicarbonic acid, an intermediate product of the citric acid cycle that provides intracellular energy in the form of ATP. Fumaric acid exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway dependent on p38 MAPK. Fumaric acid can be used in the study of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

L-Phenylalanine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals.

Cholesterol-d₇ is the deuterium labeled Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

L-Leucine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled L-Leucine. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway.

Sodium cyanoboronhydride-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Sodium cyanoboronhydride.

Sorafenib-d₃ (Donafenib) is the deuterated-labeled Sorafenib (HY-10201). Sorafenib (Bay 43-9006) is a potent oral active multikinase inhibitor. Sorafenib blocks autophosphorylation and activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3) and RAF family kinases, thereby suppressing the RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation, and selectively inhibiting the MAPK pathway in cancer cells. Sorafenib induces cell cycle arrest, autophagy, apoptosis, and PARP cleavage, reduces Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, cyclin D1 levels, and activates Bak and Bax. Sorafenib inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in mouse and rat models. Sorafenib can be used for cancer research, such as colon, breast, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian, pancreatic, melanoma, colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Cholic acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Cholic acid. Cholic acid is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine-d₃ (S-Adenosyl methionine-d₃) is the deuterated product of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (HY-B0617). S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (S-Adenosyl methionine) is an orally active methyl group donor. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine is a dietary supplement with potent antidepressant effects. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine also has anti‑proliferative, pro‑apoptotic and anti‑metastatic roles in cancers. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine has the potential for, cancer, liver disease and osteoarthritis research.

3-Indoleacetic acid-d₅ (Indole-3-acetic acid-d₅) is the deuterated-labeled 3-Indoleacetic acid (HY-18569). 3-Indoleacetic acid is is an IAA hormone and growth regulator that can promote plant nutritional growth through processes such as cell expansion, differentiation, morphogenesis, and organogenesis.

γ-Aminobutyric acid-d₆ is the deuterium labeled γ-Aminobutyric acid. γ-Aminobutyric acid (4-Aminobutyric acid) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult mammalian brain, binding to the ionotropic GABA receptors (GABAA receptors) and metabotropic receptors (GABAB receptors).

Chenodeoxycholic Acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Chenodeoxycholic Acid. Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.

Palmitic acid-d₃₁ is the deuterium labeled Palmitic acid. Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. PA can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells.

Nicotinamide-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Nicotinamide. Nicotinamide is a form of vitamin B3 that plays essential roles in cell physiology through facilitating NAD+ redox homeostasis and providing NAD+ as a substrate to a class of enzymes that catalyze non-redox reactions. Nicotinamide is an inhibitor of SIRT1.