2. Recombinant Proteins
  3. Cytokines and Growth Factors
  4. Ephrin/Eph Family

Ephrin/Eph Family

Ephrin/Eph Family

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Ephrins are a family of ligands that bind to the Eph receptors, the largest family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Ephrins and the Eph family are membrane-bound molecules that mediate short-range axon guidance via cell-cell contacts. The ephrins fall into two broad classes, the ephrinAs (ephrins A1-A6), which are attached to the cell membrane by a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) moiety, and the ephrinBs (ephrins B1-B3), which span the cellular membrane and possess a cytoplasmic signaling domain. In the human genome, there are totally nine EphA and five EphB receptors. The EphA receptors promiscuously bind to five Ephrin-A ligands, and the EphB receptors promiscuously bind three Ephrin-B ligands. Ephrin-Eph signaling is bidirectional which is termed forward signaling in Eph receptor-expressing cells and reverse signaling in ephrin ligand-expressing cells. The Eph/ephrin signaling plays important roles in developmental processes, adult tissue homeostasis and various diseases. Its abnormal function has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer. Given Eph receptors and Ephrins are often overexpressed in human malignancies and associated with poor prognosis, they are considered as very promising drug targets.

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