PI3K (Phosphoinositide 3-kinase), via phosphorylation of the inositol lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), forms the second messenger molecule phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3) which recruits and activates pleckstrin homology domain containing proteins, leading to downstream signalling events crucial for proliferation, survival and migration. Class I PI3K enzymes consist of four distinct catalytic isoforms, PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ.
There are three major classes of PI3K enzymes, being class IA widely associated to cancer. Class IA PI3K are heterodimeric lipid kinases composed of a catalytic subunit (p110α, p110β, or p110δ; encoded by PIK3CA, PIK3CB, and PIK3CD genes, respectively) and a regulatory subunit (p85).
The PI3K pathway plays an important role in many biological processes, including cell cycle progression, cell growth, survival, actin rearrangement and migration, and intracellular vesicular transport.
3-Methyladenine is a potent inhibitor of autophagy and PI3K, blocking autophagy through its effect on PI3K, with IC50s of 25 μM and 60 μM for Vps34 and PI3Kγ, respectively.
LY294002 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of PI3K, with IC50 of 0.5/0.57/0.97 μM for PI3Kα/PI3Kδ/PI3Kβ, respectively, also potently inhibits CK2 with IC50 of 98 nM.
Wortmannin is a multi-target inhibitor of PI3K and MLCK with IC50s of 3 nM and 200 nM, respectively. Wortmannin is also a potent inhibitor of DNA-PK (IC50, 16 nM) and ATM (IC50, 150 nM).
LX2343 is a BACE1 enzyme inhibitor with an IC50 value of 11.43±0.36 μM. LX2343 acts as a non-ATP competitive PI3K inhibitor with an IC50 of 15.99±3.23 μM. LX2343 stimulates autophagy in its promotion of Aβ clearance.
CAL-101 is a highly selective and potent p110δ inhibitor with IC50 of 2.5 nM, is 40- to 300-fold more selective for p110δ relative to other PI3K class I enzymes (p110α, p110β, and p110γ; IC50 are 820, 565, and 89nM, respectively).
BEZ235 is a dual pan-class I PI3K and mTOR kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 4 nM/5 nM/7 nM/75 nM, and 20.7 nM for p110α/p110γ/p110δ/p110β and mTOR, respectively.
BAY 80-6946 is an ATP-competitive selective class-I PI3 kinases inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.5, 0.7, 3.7 and 6.4 nM for
PI3Kα, PI3Kδ, PI3Kβ and PI3Kγ, and much less active against mTOR (IC50=45 nM) and other PIKs (no inhibition at 1 μM).
Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4±0.6 μM, 3.0±0.0 μM and 5.4±0.3 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively.
LY3023414 potently and selectively inhibits class I PI3K isoforms, mTORC1/2, and DNA-PK with IC50s of 6.07 nM, 77.6 nM, 38 nM, 23.8 nM, 165 nM and 4.24 nM for PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kδ, PI3Kγ, mTOR and DNA-PK, respectively.
GSK2126458 is a highly selective and potent inhibitor of PI3K with Ki of 0.019 nM/0.13 nM/0.024 nM/0.06 nM and 0.18 nM/0.3 nM for p110α/β/δ/γ, mTORC1/2, respectively.
PF-04691502 is a potent and selective inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR kinases with antitumor activity. PF-04691502 inhibits human and mouse PI3Kα with Ki of 1.8 and 1.2 nM, respectively, human PI3K isoforms β, δ, and γ with Ki of 2.1, 1.6, and 1.9 nM, respectively, and human mTOR with Ki of 16 nM.
Isoform Specific Products
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