2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. TrxR

TrxR

Thioredoxin Reductase

TrxR (Thioredoxin Reductase) is a selenium-containing pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase. There are three isoforms of mammalian TrxRs: TrxR1 (TXRND1), TrxR2 (TXNRD2) and TrxR3 (TGR). TrxRs catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of the redox protein thioredoxin (Trx). TrxR is important in regulating the intracellular redox environment, cell growth and transformation, as well as the recycling of ascorbate from its oxidized form. Trx/TrxR system is associated with the cancers, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes, as well as in hypertension and atherosclerosis[1][2].

TrxR Isoform Specific Products:

TrxR Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-115640
    TRFS-green
    TRFS-green is a highly selective off−on fluorescent probe for imaging selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) in living cells. TRFS-green has the maximum absorbance at around 373 nm. After it is activated by TrxR, the maximum absorbance shifts to around 440 nm.
    TRFS-green
  • HY-116749
    Ethaselen
    		98.0%
    Ethaselen (BBSKE) is an orally active, selective thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitor with IC50s of 0.5 and 0.35 μM for the wild-type human TrxR1 and rat TrxR1, respectively. Ethaselen specifically binds to the unique selenocysteine-cysteine redox pair in the C-terminal active site of mammalian TrxR1. Ethaselen, an organoselenium compound, is a potent antitumor candidate that exerts potent inhibition on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by targeting TrxR.
    Ethaselen
  • HY-150228
    MitoCur-1
    MitoCur-1, a curcumin analogue, is an inhibitor of mitochondrial antioxidative thioredoxin reductase 2 (TrxR2). MitoCur-1 has electrophilic and mitochondrial-targeting properties. MitoCur-1 induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, exerts specifically antitumor efficacy.
    MitoCur-1
  • HY-149265
    ROS-generating agent 1
    		Inhibitor 99.11%
    ROS-generating agent 1 is a selective ROS-generating agent. ROS-generating agent 1 inhibits TrxR activity and expression in cancer cells. ROS-generating agent 1 induces ROS-dependent apoptosis and ferroptosis in cancer cells. ROS-generating agent 1 selectively kills lung cancer cells and inhibits the growth of cancer cell xenograft tumors in nude mice. ROS-generating agent 1 can be used for the research of non-small cell lung cancer.
    ROS-generating agent 1
  • HY-121362
    Evernic Acid
    		Inhibitor 99.71%
    Evernic Acid is an orally active thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) inhibitor and antiproliferative agent. Evernic Acid inhibits the proliferation and migration of human breast cancer cells. Evernic Acid blocks the NF-κB pathway by inhibiting p65 nuclear translocation and IκBα phosphorylation, thereby suppressing downstream inflammatory mediators. Evernic Acid acts as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent and neuroprotective agent, protects neurons from cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress damage, reduces astrocyte activation, and ameliorates dopaminergic neuron loss and neuroinflammation. Evernic Acid inhibits enoyl reductases FabI and FabZ of Plasmodium falciparum. Evernic Acid downregulates the expression of lasB and rhlA genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, inhibits quorum sensing and biofilm formation, and exerts antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Evernic Acid is applicable to research related to breast cancer, Parkinson's disease, bacterial infections and fungal infections.
    Evernic Acid
  • HY-181718
    Necroptosis inducer 1
    		Inhibitor
    Necroptosis inducer 1 is a necroptosis inducer. Necroptosis inducer 1 inhibits the activity of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), elevates intracellular ROS levels, triggers ROS-mediated necroptosis, and induces necroptosis-dependent immunogenic cell death. Necroptosis inducer 1 inhibits tumor growth, remodels the tumor immune microenvironment, and exerts a synergistic effect with anti-PD-1 in animal models. Necroptosis inducer 1 is applicable to the research of colon cancer.
    Necroptosis inducer 1
  • HY-Z15805
    Teprenone Impurity 5
    Teprenone Impurity 5 (5Z-GGA) is the cis-isomer of Teprenone (HY-B0779). Teprenone Impurity 5 has inhibitory activity on the proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells Caov-3, and can block the invasion process of cancer cells. Teprenone Impurity 5 can induce the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and thioredoxin (Trx). Teprenone Impurity 5 can be used for the research of ovarian cancer.
    Teprenone Impurity 5
  • HY-183554
    Fa-Au
    		Inhibitor
    Fa-Au is a TrxR inhibitor. Fa-Au downregulates GPX4, induces oxidative stress, mitochondria-associated ferroptosis (ferroptosis) and immunogenic cell death. Fa-Au induces ROS production in hepatoma cells. Fa-Au remodels the tumor immune microenvironment via M1 macrophage polarization, dendritic cell maturation, CD8+ T cell activation and reduction of regulatory T cells. Fa-Au induces an anti-tumor immune feedback loop through the IFNγ/STAT1/SLC7A11 axis. Fa-Au inhibits tumor growth. Fa-Au is applicable to hepatocellular carcinoma-related research.
    Fa-Au
  • HY-126322
    DVD-445
    		98.36%
    DVD-445 (Compound 7) is a potent peptidomimetic covalent thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.60 μM for rat TrxR1. DVD-445 has good anticancer application.
    DVD-445
  • HY-129751
    Nitrovin hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 98.29%
    Nitrovin hydrochloride is an antibacterial growth promoter. Nitrovin hydrochloride induces ROS-mediated non-apoptotic and apoptotic-like cell death by targeting TrxR1. Nitrovin hydrochloride has anticancer activity, with IC50 values of 1.31-6.60 μM for tumor and normal cells.
    Nitrovin hydrochloride
  • HY-P2759
    Thioredoxin reductase
    Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is a selenoprotein that plays a central role in cellular redox homeostasis by utilizing highly reactive selenocysteine ​​(Sec) residues exposed to solvents at its active site. Thioredoxin reductase can be used for the study of diverse diseases, from rheumatoid arthritis and ischemia to cancer and parasitic infections.
    Thioredoxin reductase
  • HY-154843
    C-Gem
    		Control
    C-Gem is a control molecule of S-Gem (HY-154842). C-Gem is completely inactive under experimental conditions.
    C-Gem
  • HY-132972
    TrxR-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    TrxR-IN-2 is a thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitor. TrxR-IN-2 increases reactive oxidative species (ROS) levels and decreases mitochondrial transmembrane potential levels. TrxR-IN-2 triggers DNA damage via H2AX regulation, and induces autophagy via LC3, beclin-1, and p62 regulation. TrxR-IN-2 can be used for the research of drug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma[1].
    TrxR-IN-2
  • HY-138071
    8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate
    		Inhibitor
    8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate (8αTGH) is a potent and orally active STAT3 inhibitor. 8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate induces early oxidative stress and pyroptosis, and late DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis in the TNBC cells. 8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate suppresses tumor cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo.
    8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate
  • HY-108534
    PMX464
    PMX464 (AW 464), a thiol-reactive quinol, is the inhibitor of thioredoxin-thioredoxin reductase (Trx/TrxR) system. PMX464 can inhibit NF-κB-mediated proinflammatory activation of human type II alveolar epithelial cells.
    PMX464
  • HY-168875
    TrxR1 prodrug-1
    		Inhibitor
    TrxR1 prodrug-1 (compound 5u) is a potent inhibitor of TrxR1. TrxR1 prodrug-1 exhibits significant antitumor efficiency in nude mice and NSCLC organoids.
    TrxR1 prodrug-1
  • HY-D1253
    TP-TRFS
    TP-TRFS is a highly selective and the first two-photon fluorescent probe of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR).
    TP-TRFS
  • HY-181825
    TrxR-IN-9
    		Inhibitor
    TrxR-IN-9 is a thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.26 μM. TrxR-IN-9 disrupts cellular redox balance. TrxR-IN-9 induces S-phase cell cycle arrest, promotes apoptosis and exhibits antiproliferative activity across cancer cells. TrxR-IN-9 exerts effects via synergistic nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) action. TrxR-IN-9 can be used for the research of breast cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer.
    TrxR-IN-9
  • HY-172115
    BGC4
    		Inhibitor
    BGC4 is a biphenyl-based gold(III) complex. BGC4 inhibits human recombinant thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) with an IC50 of 10.7 μM, exhibits cytotoxicity (IC50 for MDA-MB-231 is 5.4 μM), and induces apoptosis. BGC4 exhibits antitumor efficacy in mouse models.
    BGC4
  • HY-179712
    As-CA11
    		Inhibitor
    As-CA11 is a Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitor with an IC50 of 18.7 nM. As-CA11 can induce cancer cells apoptosis and ROS production. As-CA11 can reduce the level of reduced Trx and increase the level of oxidized Trx. As-CA11 demonstrates anti-tumor activity in the 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model.
    As-CA11
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
TrxR Isoform Comparison

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