Squalene Synthase

Squalene synthase (SQS) catalyzes the condensation of two farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) molecules to form squalene. This reaction is the first specific step in cholesterol synthesis. Squalene synthase is a membrane-bound enzyme that is primarily located in the endoplasmic reticulum and belongs to the prenyltransferase family. SQS activity, protein levels, and gene transcription are strictly and coordinately regulated by cholesterol status, with SQS activity decreasing when cholesterol is excessive and increasing when cholesterol is deficient[1].

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