Oxygenated Hydrocarbons

Hexane-2,5-dione (2,5-HD) is an orally active, CNS-penetrant cytotoxic agent. Hexane-2,5-dione reduces BCL-2 and β-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity, increases BAX and active caspase-3 expression, and promotes apoptosis. Hexane-2,5-dione causes an accumulation of neurofilaments within axons in rats. Hexane-2,5-dione can be used for the research of neurodegenerative diseases.

2-Undecanone is an orally active organic ketone. 2-Undecanone exerts antibacterial effects by inhibiting bacterial chaperone systems and interfering with the refolding of heat-inactivated proteins. 2-Undecanone also ameliorates asthmatic inflammation and airway remodeling by blocking the NF-κB pathway, and activates the Nrf2 pathway to reduce oxidative damage and prevent lung cancer induced by Benzo[a]pyrene (HY-107377). 2-Undecanone can be used in research related to cancer, asthma and infections.

3-Penten-2-one (Ethylideneacetone) inhibits nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression via heme oxygenase-1 induction in RAW264.7 macrophages activated with Lipopolysaccharides (HY-D1056) (LPS).

Sulcatone (6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one) is a plant-derived volatile organic compound with activities such as insecticidal, antifungal, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Sulcatone also serves as an insect pheromone and an endogenous metabolite, which can be found in feces. Changes in Sulcatone levels can be used for the auxiliary diagnosis of ulcerative colitis.

2-Octanone (n-Hexyl methyl ketone) is a Flavonoids product that can be isolated from the herbs of Hydrangea macrophylla.

2-Nonanone is a ketone compound that inhibits the DnaKJE-ClpB bichaperone de-pendent refolding of heat-inactivated bacterial luciferases. 2-Nonanone interacts with hydrophobic segments of heat-inactivated substrates, and competes with chaperones IbpAB. 2-Nonanone can be used for the research of infection.

2-Tridecanone, a nonalkaloid insecticide, is isolated from the wild tomato Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum. 2-Tridecanone is a volatile organic compound.

9-Heptadecanone (Heptadecan-9-one) is an aliphatic molecule with a central ketone on a C17 chain. The ketone may react with amines in reductive aminations to link this molecule to larger lipid structures.

6-Undecanone is a ligand of Odorant-binding protein 22 (OBP22) with a weak bind capacity. -Undecanone can be used as a negative control for Aedes aegypti mosquito infection research.

2-Pentadecanone (Pentadecan-2-one) is a fragrance ingredient and can be used as a food additive.

2-Decanone is an antifungal agent. 2-Decanone inhibits pathogen mycelial growth, spore germination, and appressorium formation. 2-Decanone downregulates spore germination-related genes (MfBmp1) and penetration structure formation genes (MfPls1), inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation to trigger mitochondrial damage and subsequent spore apoptosis. 2-Decanone is promising for research of postharvest disease control in fruits and vegetables.

5-Methyl-3-heptanone is an intermediate for drug synthesis.

(Z)-6-Heneicosen-11-one is a pheromone that can be isolated from Orgyia detrit.

3-Hydroxypentan-2-one, natural product, can be isolated from Carambola (Averrhoa carambola L. ).

4'-Chloro-1'-(5-penta-1,3-diyn-1-yl-2-thienyl)-but-2'-yn-3'-ol is a phytotoxic polyacetylene compound. 4'-Chloro-1'-(5-penta-1,3-diyn-1-yl-2-thienyl)-but-2'-yn-3'-ol can be isolated from the roots and root exudates of Acroptilon repens. It exhibits phytotoxicity and reduces the root length of lettuce.

(Z)-7-Tetradecen-2-one acts as a species-specific nematicide. (Z)-7-Tetradecen-2-one induces terminal embryogenesis, morphological abnormalities, irreversible developmental arrest and increases eggshell permeability in *Pristionchus pacificus* embryos. (Z)-7-Tetradecen-2-one exerts olfactory attraction toward *Pristionchus pacificus*. (Z)-7-Tetradecen-2-one can be used to study the symbiotic relationship between hosts and nematodes.

2-Dodecanone is an insecticide with repellent activity against specific insect species. 2-Dodecanone exhibits contact toxicity against adult Tribolium castaneum, Lasioderma serricorne and Liposcelis bostrychophila. 2-Dodecanone shows repellent effects against adult Lasioderma serricorne.

3-Hydroxy-2-decanone is a minor component of sex pheromone in Xylotrechus quadripes beetles. 3-Hydroxy-2-decanone is promising for research of pests and diseases.

(S)-2-Hydroxy-3-decanone is the primary sex pheromone component of Xylotrechus quadripes beetles, functioning as a volatile olfactory agonist. (S)-2-Hydroxy-3-decanone is promising for research of pests and diseases.

n-Tritriacontan-16,18-dione is a natural product.