CNS Infection

Glycocholic acid is a bile acid derivative. Glycocholic acid downregulates MDR1, Bcl-2, MRP1, MRP2 and FXR, upregulates Bax, p53, caspase-9, caspase-3, TGR5 and S1PR2. Glycocholic acid inhibits multidrug resistance and efflux pumps, induces mitochondrial apoptosis, and enhances chemosensitivity. Glycocholic acid modulates related bile acid receptor signaling. Glycocholic acid suppresses growth and conjugation of Enterobacteriaceae and increases their antibiotic susceptibility. Glycocholic acid can be used for the research of colon adenocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Teriflunomide is the active metabolite of leflunomide, an approved therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. It inhibits pyrimidine synthesis and therefore potently decreases T cell and B cell proliferation.

MOG (35-55) mouse, rat (Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat) is a minor component of CNS myelin. MOG (35-55) mouse, rat has encephalitogenic activity and induces T cell proliferative. MOG (35-55) mouse, rat induces Th1 cytokine response as well as relatively high levels of IgG antibodies. MOG (35-55) mouse, rat produces a relapsing-remitting neurological disease with extensive plaque-like demyelination. MOG (35-55) mouse, rat (MOG (35-55)) can be used for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) modeling.

ANA-12 is a brain-penetrant, selective TrkB antagonist with IC₅₀ values of 45.6 nM and 41.1 μM, and K_d values of 10 nM and 12 μM, for high- and low-affinity sites, respectively. ANA-12 specifically inhibits BDNF-induced TrkB receptor activation and its downstream signaling cascades by directly and non-competitively binding to the TrkB receptor, without affecting the functions of TrkA and TrkC. ANA-12 is used in research concerning neuropsychiatric disorders (such as depression and anxiety), acute and chronic pain, neuroimmune inflammation, and the mechanisms of learning and memory.

Streptomycin (Agrept) is an effective antibiotic against M. tuberculosis, is used for the research of tuberculosis (TB). Streptomycin also is a bacteriocidal agent that can be used for the research of a number of bacterial infections. Streptomycin can bind strongly to nucleic acids, interferes and blocks protein synthesis while permitting continued RNA and DNA synthesis. Streptomycin, as a common antibiotic used in culture media, also is a blocker of stretch-activated and mechanosensitive ion channels in neurons and cardiac myocytes .

Carnosic acid is an orally active lipid absorption inhibitor. Carnosic acid has demonstrated inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation, suppression of cell proliferation, and antibacterial activity.

Telitacicept (RC18) is a fully human TACI-Fc fusion protein. Telitacicept is a dual B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS)/APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand) inhibitor that effectively blocks proliferation of B lymphocytes. Telitacicept can be used in research of B-cell autoimmune disease. The component ratio of this product is Active ingredient : Excipients = 1: 0.5-1: 0.8.

Thymol is a TRPA1 agonist. Thymol induces cancer cell apoptosis. Thymol is the main monoterpene phenol occurring in essential oils isolated from plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and other plants such as those belonging to the Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Ranunculaceae and Apiaceae families. Thymol has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal effects.

Glycerol is used in sample preparation and gel formation for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride is a Bacterial agent and polyamine transport system inhibitor. AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride targets membrane phospholipids and exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria. AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride inhibits capsular biosynthesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae. AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride targets ornithine decarboxylase and polyamines to inhibit the proliferation of neuroblastoma cells. AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride in combination with DFMO (HY-B0744) induces Apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride is applicable to research related to multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, pneumococcal infections, Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, and neuroblastoma.

Eculizumab (Anti-Human C5, Humanized Antibody) is a long-acting humanized monoclonal antibody targeted against complement C5. Eculizumab inhibits the cleavage of C5 into C5a and C5b and inhibits deployment of the terminal complement system including the formation of membrane attack complex (MAC). Eculizumab prevents anti-ganglioside antibody-mediated neuropathy in mice. Eculizumab can be used in hemolysis studies.

Tolebrutinib (SAR442168) is an orally active, selective, and blood-brain barrier-penetrant BTK inhibitor with neuroactive properties. Tolebrutinib is being investigated for use in multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS)..

Siponimod (BAF-312) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier penetrant dual agonist of S1P1/S1P5, with EC₅₀ values of 0.39 nM and 0.98 nM, respectively. Siponimod induces S1P1 internalization, activates GIRK channels, inhibits lymphocyte egress, reduces peripheral lymphocyte counts, triggers transient bradycardia, prevents synaptic neurodegeneration, promotes remyelination, alleviates demyelination, and prevents the loss of GABAergic interneurons. Siponimod can be used in research related to multiple sclerosis.

Sodium chloride, for cell culture is an orally active salt. Sodium chloride, for cell culture induces the expression of ATP1A1. Sodium chloride, for cell culture induces the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, TNFα, IL-9 and several chemokines. Sodium chloride, for cell culture enhances the anti-tumor activities of Digoxin (HY-B1049) against small cell lung cancer. Sodium chloride, for cell culture drives autoimmune disease by the induction of pathogenic Th17 cells.

Psoralen (Ficusin) is a coumarin isolated from the seeds of Fructus Psoraleae. Psoralen exhibits a wide range of biological properties, including anti-cancer, antioxidant, antidepressant, anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral, et al.

MRT-6160 (Example 185) is an orally active VAV1 molecular glue degrader (DC₅₀: 7 nM). MRT-6160 reduces immune cell activation, immune cell proliferation and the production of various cytokines. MRT-6160 can be used for research of inflammatory or autoimmune disorder. MRT-6160 inhibits disease progression in experimntal autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model, Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model, etc..

D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt is an orally active vitamin that reduces patulin in apple juice. D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt removes ROS. D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt has antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities. D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt also has the effect of improving osteoporosis and obesity.

8-Hydroxyquinoline (8-Quinolinol) is a lipophilic metal chelator that can be used as a fungicide .8-Hydroxyquinoline shows the MIC range of 27.56-55.11 μM (4-8 μg/mL) against the clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 8-Hydroxyquinoline can bind to copper form complexes and transport copper into cells. 8-Hydroxyquinoline increases in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes and can also make hair depigmented in mice.

Atrosab is a humanized IgG1 antagonistic anti-TNFR1 antibody. Atrosab inhibits TNF-mediated Apoptosis induction and IL-6 and IL-8 production. Atrosab reduces neurological deficits. Atrosab can be used for research of inflammatory disease. The recommend isotype control is Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001).

Natalizumab (AN100226; BG00002) is a humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody inhibitor that selectively targets α4 integrin (CD49d). It blocks the interaction of integrins such as α4β1 (VLA-4) with vascular cell adhesion molecule VCAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1, and fibronectin by competitively binding to the α4 subunit. Natalizumab inhibits the adhesion, retention, and transendothelial migration of immune cells (such as CD4⁺ T cells), reducing the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the central nervous system or lesion sites, thus exerting anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity. Natalizumab is used in the study of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and also has applications in the study of autoimmune or inflammation-related diseases such as Crohn's disease, B-cell lymphoma, and non-infectious uveitis. Natalizumab can also prevent lymphocytes from entering the central nervous system, thereby preventing acute demyelinating relapses.