IL-25/IL-17E

Interleukin-25 (IL-25), also known as IL-17E, belongs to the IL-17 cytokine family. IL-25 shares only 16% homology with IL-17A and has biological effects that largely differ from those of the other members of the family. IL-25 is originally found in Th2 cells. IL-25 is also produced by various immune cells such as CD8+ T cells, mast cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), eosinophils, basophils, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), epithelial and endothelial cells. IL-25 binds to IL-17RB and then binds to IL-17RA to exert its activity. IL-25 induces the expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TGF-β, and G-CSF. IL-25 can stimulate cell proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, modulation of cell-cell adhesion, and cell motility in nonimmune cells. IL-25 activates NF-κB, MAPKs and JAK/STAT signaling pathways[1]. Human and mouse IL-25 shares 78.88% sequence identity. Mouse and rat IL-25 shares 91.12% sequence identity.