Isotope-Labeled Nucleic Acids

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine-d₃ (S-Adenosyl methionine-d₃) is the deuterated product of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (HY-B0617). S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (S-Adenosyl methionine) is an orally active methyl group donor. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine is a dietary supplement with potent antidepressant effects. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine also has anti‑proliferative, pro‑apoptotic and anti‑metastatic roles in cancers. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine has the potential for, cancer, liver disease and osteoarthritis research.

Adenine-¹³C is the ¹³C labeled Adenine. Adenine (6-Aminopurine), a purine, is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA. Adenine acts as a chemical component of DNA and RNA. Adenine also plays an important role in biochemistry involved in cellular respiration, the form of both ATP and the cofactors (NAD and FAD), and protein synthesis.

SAH-d₄ is the deuterium labeled SAH. SAH (S-Adenosylhomocysteine) is an amino acid derivative and a modulartor in several metabolic pathways. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine and adenosine. SAH is an inhibitor for METTL3-METTL14 heterodimer complex (METTL3-14) with an IC₅₀ of 0.9 μM.

Fosribnicotinamide-d₄ (β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide-d₄) is the deuterium labeled Fosribnicotinamide. Fosribnicotinamide is a product of the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) reaction and a key NAD+ intermediate. The pharmacological activities of Fosribnicotinamide include its role in cellular biochemical functions, cardioprotection, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and complications associated with obesity.

Hypoxanthine-¹⁵N₄ is the ¹⁵N labeled Hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine, a purine derivative, is a potential free radical generator and could be used as an indicator of hypoxia.

Guanosine triphosphate-¹⁵N₅ (GTP-¹⁵N₅) dilithium is ¹⁵N labeled Guanosine triphosphate (HY-113225). Guanosine triphosphate dilithium (GTP) is a critical nucleotide and regulator of cellular metabolism. Guanosine triphosphate dilithium promotes ribosomal DNA localization, pre-rRNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis by binding to RNA polymerase I and GPN proteins (GPN1/3). Guanosine triphosphate dilithium links MYC-dependent ribosome biogenesis to nucleotide sufficiency, acts as a metabolic gatekeeper supporting protein synthesis, DNA/RNA synthesis and cellular signal transduction, while also participating in the physiological activities of pancreatic β-cells and serving as an oxidative substrate for reactive oxygen species. In small cell lung cancer with high MYC expression, Guanosine triphosphate dilithium accumulates through the IMPDH-driven synthetic pathway, thereby affecting apoptosis and mitotic processes. Guanosine triphosphate dilithium is used in the research of small cell lung cancer, hepatoblastoma and cellular metabolism.

Guanosine triphosphate-¹³C dilithium (GTP-¹³C dilithium) is the ¹³C-labeled Guanosine triphosphate (HY-113225). Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is a critical nucleotide and regulator of cellular metabolism. Guanosine triphosphate promotes ribosomal DNA localization, pre-rRNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis by binding to RNA polymerase I and GPN proteins (GPN1/3). Guanosine triphosphate links MYC-dependent ribosome biogenesis to nucleotide sufficiency, acts as a metabolic gatekeeper supporting protein synthesis, DNA/RNA synthesis and cellular signal transduction, while also participating in the physiological activities of pancreatic β-cells and serving as an oxidative substrate for reactive oxygen species. In small cell lung cancer with high MYC expression, Guanosine triphosphate accumulates through the IMPDH-driven synthetic pathway, thereby affecting apoptosis and mitotic processes. Guanosine triphosphate is used in the research of small cell lung cancer, hepatoblastoma and cellular metabolism.

Guanosine triphosphate-¹⁵N₅,d₁₄ dilithium (GTP-¹⁵N₅,d₁₄ dilithium) is the deuterated, ¹⁵N-labeled Guanosine triphosphate (HY-113225). Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is a critical nucleotide and regulator of cellular metabolism. Guanosine triphosphate promotes ribosomal DNA localization, pre-rRNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis by binding to RNA polymerase I and GPN proteins (GPN1/3). Guanosine triphosphate links MYC-dependent ribosome biogenesis to nucleotide sufficiency, acts as a metabolic gatekeeper supporting protein synthesis, DNA/RNA synthesis and cellular signal transduction, while also participating in the physiological activities of pancreatic β-cells and serving as an oxidative substrate for reactive oxygen species. In small cell lung cancer with high MYC expression, Guanosine triphosphate accumulates through the IMPDH-driven synthetic pathway, thereby affecting apoptosis and mitotic processes. Guanosine triphosphate is used in the research of small cell lung cancer, hepatoblastoma and cellular metabolism.

5'-Methylthioadenosine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled 5'-Methylthioadenosine. 5'-Methylthioadenosine (5'-(Methylthio)-5'-deoxyadenosine) is a nucleoside generated from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) during polyamine synthesis. 5'-Methylthioadenosine suppresses tumors by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and the induction of apoptosis while controlling the inflammatory micro-environments of tumor tissue. 5'-Methylthioadenosine and its associated materials have striking regulatory effects on tumorigenesis.

Cyclic AMP-¹³C₅ is a deuterated cyclic AMP.

2'-Deoxycytidine-¹⁵N₃ is the ¹⁵N labeled 2'-Deoxycytidine. 2'-Deoxycytidine, a deoxyribonucleoside, could inhibit biological effects of Bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu).

Adenosine-d is the deuterium labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiology, including neuronal activity, vascular function, platelet aggregation, and blood cell regulation.

Thymidine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Thymidine. Thymidine, a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid, is used as a cell synchronizing agent. Thymidine is a DNA synthesis inhibitor that can arrest cell at G1/S boundary, prior to DNA replication.

Uracil-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Uracil[1]. Uracil is a common and naturally occurring pyrimidine derivative and one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of RNA[2].

Cytosine-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Cytosine. Cytosine is one of the four main bases found in DNA and RNA. Cytosine modifications exhibit circadian oscillations that are involved in epigenetic diversity and aging.

Inosine-¹⁵N₄ is the ¹⁵N labeled Inosine.

Uracil-¹³C₄ is the ¹³C labeled Uracil. Uracil is a common and naturally occurring pyrimidine derivative and one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of RNA.

7-Methylguanosine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled 7-Methylguanosine. 7-Methylguanosine is a novel cNIIIB nucleotidase inhibitor with IC₅₀ value of 87.8 ± 7.5 μM.

Guanosine-¹⁵N₅ is the ¹⁵N labeled Guanosine. Guanosine (DL-Guanosine) is a purine nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Guanosine possesses anti-HSV activity.

Guanine-¹³C is the ¹³C labeled Guanine (HY-Y1055). Guanine is one of the fundamental components of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Guanine is a purine derivative, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds. Guanine has the potential to serve as a large-capacity N pool. Guanine has cytotoxic, antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects.