Histone modifications play critical roles in regulating both global and stage-specific gene expression. Methylation on histones H3K4, H3K36 and H3K79 is generally associated with gene activation, whereas methylation on histones H3K9 and H3K27 is generally associated with gene repression. Histone lysine methylation is dynamically regulated by site-specific methyltransferases and demethylases. EZH2 (the catalytic subunit of PRC2) is responsible for the methylation of H3K27 in cells.
DOT1L is a histone H3 lysine 79 methyltransferase whose inhibition increases the yield of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). EPZ-5676 is a potent and selective DOT1L inhibitor.
Crucial to PRC2 activity, the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) tri-methylates lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3), leading to chromatin condensation and transcriptional repression.
JNJ-64619178 is a selective, orally active and pseudo-irreversible PRMT5 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.14 nM. JNJ-64619178 has potent activity In lung cancer.
CM-579 trihydrochloride is a first-in-class reversible, dual inhibitor of G9a and DNMT, with IC50 values of 16 nM, 32 nM for G9a and DNMT, respectively. Has potent in vitro cellular activity in a wide range of cancer cells.
Sinefungin is a potent inhibitor of virion mRNA(guanine-7-)-methyltransferase, mRNA(nucleoside-2'-)-methyltransferase, and viral multiplication. Sinefungin, a SET7/9 inhibitor, ameliorates renal fibrosis by inhibiting H3K4 methylation .
Chaetocin is a specific inhibitor of the histone methyltransferase (HMT) SU(VAR)3-9 with an IC50 of 0.6 μM for SU(VAR)3-9. It also inhibits thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) with an IC50 of 4 μM.
MS023 is a potent, selective, and cell-active inhibitor of human type I protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) inhibitor, with IC50s of 30, 119, 83, 4 and 5 nM for PRMT1, PRMT3, PRMT4, PRMT6, and PRMT8, respectively.
