Histone modifications play critical roles in regulating both global and stage-specific gene expression. Methylation on histones H3K4, H3K36 and H3K79 is generally associated with gene activation, whereas methylation on histones H3K9 and H3K27 is generally associated with gene repression. Histone lysine methylation is dynamically regulated by site-specific methyltransferases and demethylases. EZH2 (the catalytic subunit of PRC2) is responsible for the methylation of H3K27 in cells.
DOT1L is a histone H3 lysine 79 methyltransferase whose inhibition increases the yield of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). EPZ-5676 is a potent and selective DOT1L inhibitor.
Crucial to PRC2 activity, the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) tri-methylates lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3), leading to chromatin condensation and transcriptional repression.
EPZ015666 is an orally available inhibitor of PRMT5 enzymatic activity in biochemical assays with IC50 of 22 nM and broad selectivity against a panel of other histone methyltransferases.
EPZ-5676 is a potent and selective aminonucleoside inhibitor of DOT1L histone methyltransferase with Ki of < 80 pM, demonstrating > 37,000-fold selectivity against all other PMTs tested, and inhibits H3K79 methylation in tumor.
PFI-2 hydrochloride is a a first-in-class, potent, highly selective, and cell-active inhibitor of the methyltransferase activity of SETD7 with IC50 of 2 nM, 500 fold active than (S)-PFI-2.
LLY-507 is a potent inhibitor of SMYD2 with IC50 < 15 nM, is >100-fold selective for SMYD2 over a broad range of methyltransferase and non-methyltransferase targets.
AZ505 ditrifluoroacetate is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of the oncogenic protein SMYD2(IC50=0.12 uM) with potential anticancer activity, >600 fold than SMYD3(IC50>83.3 uM); DOT1L(IC50>83.3 uM);EZH2(IC50>83.3 uM).
A-366 is a peptide-competitive inhibitor of G9a/GLP with an enzymatic IC50 of ~3 nM and >100-fold selectivity over other methyltransferases and other non-epigenetic targets.
