Immunomodulation

Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) is a steroid hormone or glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Belatacept (BMS 224818) is a selective T-cell costimulation blocker and a costimulator of the CD28-CD80/86 pathway. Belatacept binds to the CD 80/86 ligand and inhibits CD-28-mediated T cell costimulation and IFN-γ production. Belatacept can be used in studies of immunosuppression in organ transplantation. The component ratio of this product is Active ingredient : Excipients = 1:2.4.

KS-133 TFA is a highly selective and potent antagonist of the vascular active enteropeptide receptor 2 (VIPR2) with IC₅₀ values for Ca influx measurement and cAMP measurement of 24.8 nM and 500 nM, respectively. KS-133 TFA reverses the tumor-promoting M2 phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages to the anti-tumor M1 phenotype, alters the tumor immune microenvironment, and inhibits tumor growth. KS-133 TFA can be used for research on schizophrenia and cancer immune regulation.

Brivekimig (F-027300252; SAR-442970) is a bispecific nanobody targeting TNF/OX40L. Brivekimig is applicable to research related to hidradenitis suppurativa.

Mycophenolate mofetil (RS 61443; TM-MMF) hydrochloride is an orally active antimetabolic immunosuppressant with antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. Mycophenolate mofetil hydrochloride significantly inhibits the production of B, T lymphocytes and the proliferation of smooth muscle cells by selectively blocking the de novo purine synthesis pathway. Mycophenolate mofetil hydrochloride effectively reduces adventitial inflammation, medial necrosis and intimal thickening in rat aortic allografts, and decreases the number of lymphocytes expressing the IL-2 receptor, thereby delaying xenograft rejection. Mycophenolate mofetil hydrochloride shows certain toxicity in a hamster-to-rat limb xenotransplantation model when used in combination with FK506 (HY-13756). Mycophenolate mofetil hydrochloride is widely used in studies related to allograft arteriosclerosis (chronic rejection).

Sirt1/CXCR3-IN-1 is a dual Sirt1/CXCR3 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 0.77 μM against Sirt1. Sirt1/CXCR3-IN-1 inhibits dengue virus replication, upregulates the expression of interferon-stimulated genes, and enhances the antiviral defense capacity of the host. Sirt1/CXCR3-IN-1 suppresses CXCR3-mediated T cell chemotaxis and cytokine release, thereby reducing immune activation and inflammatory responses. Sirt1/CXCR3-IN-1 is applicable to research related to dengue virus infection.

10 (11)-Cl-BBQ is a high-affinity aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. 10 (11)-Cl-BBQ is a mixture of 10-Cl-BBQ and 11-Cl-BBQ, among which 11-Cl-BBQ exhibits higher AhR activation potency than 10-Cl-BBQ. Low-dose/short-term AhR activation by 10 (11)-Cl-BBQ promotes IL-17 production, while high-dose/sustained activation induces regulatory T cells and suppresses immune responses. 10 (11)-Cl-BBQ can be used in immunomodulation research.

AAPDNRETF is a dominant minor histocompatibility antigen presented by H-2D^b， which antigen is expressed in C57BL/6 mice and can be recognized by T cells from C3H.SW mice, thereby inducing a strong immune response. AAPDNRETF can induce graft-versus-host disease in irradiated C57BL/6 recipient mice via transfer of sensitized T lymphocytes. AAPDNRETF is applicable to the research of graft-versus-host disease.

Carebastine is an Ebastine (HY-B0674) metabolite and H1-receptor antagonist. Carebastine inhibits VEGFR-2 and Akt phosphorylation. Carebastine exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting MIF as well as TNF-α and IL-6 production. Carebastine shows anti-angiogenic activity

Licoisoflavanone is an orally active isoflavane-based immunomodulator with multiple activities including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective and cancer cell apoptosis-inducing effects. Licoisoflavanone can be isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Licoisoflavanone not only enhances the body's immunity, but also effectively prevents acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ damage by alleviating cytokine storm, thereby reducing the degree of inflammation. In rats, Licoisoflavanone undergoes multiple metabolic transformation processes such as glucuronidation, hydroxylation, sulfation, methylation and dehydrogenation. Licoisoflavanone has become an important candidate molecule for research on COVID-19 and related inflammatory diseases.

Anti-Mouse VISTA Antibody (8G8) reacts with mouse VISTA. Anti-Mouse VISTA Antibody (8G8) is an agonistic antibody with immunosuppressive properties. Recommend Isotype Controls: Polyclonal Armenian hamster IgG, Isotype Control (HY-P990305).

nAChR antagonist 2 is a selective nAChR antagonist. nAChR antagonist 2 inhibits nAChR subtype including hα9α10, hα9, and hα7 with IC₅₀ values of 16.0 nM, 26.2 nM, and 336.3 nM, respectively, in Xenopus oocytes. nAChR antagonist 2 suppresses ATP-induced IL-1β release at nanomolar concentrations. nAChR antagonist 2 can be used for nonopioid analgesics and immunomodulators research.

(S)-3-Hydroxymyristic acid ((3S)-3-Hydroxytetradecanoic acid) is the enantiomer of (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid (a lipid A component) (HY-W288375), and enhances the inherent immune adjuvant activity of lipid A.

(-)-γ-Cuparenol is a sesquiterpene compound with an IC₅₀ of 23.6 μg/mL against porcine Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase. (-)-γ-Cuparenol reduces phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced activation of NF-AT and NF-κB in Jurkat cells. (-)-γ-Cuparenol inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria. (-)-γ-Cuparenol exhibits weak inhibitory activity against Candida albicans. (-)-γ-Cuparenol is applicable for research related to immunoregulation, cardiovascular diseases and bacterial infections.

Saponin D is a natural product. Saponin D can be obtained from the leaves of Hovenia dulcis. The glycosidic bond of Saponin D is cleaved in an alkaline manner to yield Jujubogenin and Saponin G. A self-nanoemulsifying adjuvant with Saponin D boosts immune response and exerts an anti-lymphoma effect.

Daporinad (FK866) hydrochloride is a non-competitive inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), with a K_i value of 0.3 nM. Daporinad hydrochloride depletes NAD+ and ATP levels, inhibits mTORC1 and MAPK/ERK pathways, and activates TFEB to induce autophagy. Daporinad hydrochloride causes the depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ pool, ultimately weakening the mitogen-induced Ca²⁺ signal and the activation and function of T cells. Daporinad hydrochloride induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibits cell proliferation. Daporinad hydrochloride can be used for the study of myeloma, liver cancer, and immunosuppression.

Neutrophil elastase-IN-7 (Compound 12) is an effective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase (HNE), with an IC₅₀ value of 0.54 μM. Neutrophil elastase-IN-7 also exhibits significant inhibitory activity against various coagulation proteins, with the IC₅₀ values for thrombin, FXa, FXIa, and FXIIIa being 8.2, 12.7, 1.2, and 5.7 μM, respectively. Neutrophil elastase-IN-7 can be used for research on inflammation, innate immune responses, and tissue remodeling.

TIM-3-ligand-1 (Compound 35) is a highly efficient and selective TIM-3 ligand with a K_i value of 156 nM. TIM-3-ligand-1 can be used for research in immunotherapy.

Mizoribine 5'-monophosphate (MZR-P) is the active metabolite of Mizoribine (HY-17470). Mizoribine 5'-monophosphate is an inhibitor of inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), and its K_i values for IMPDH of Trypanosoma brucei, Bacillus subtilis and Oceanobacillus iheyensis are 3.3, 72 and 157 nM respectively. Mizoribine 5'-monophosphate can be used in anti-trypanosomiasis and immunosuppression research.

Cbl-b-IN-31 (Compound Pep 1) is a Cbl-b inhibitor with a K_d of 0.42 μM. Cbl-b-IN-31 is inactive in cellular assays. Cbl-b-IN-31 can be used in the research of immune-mediated diseases.