NADH Dehydrogenase

NADH Dehydrogenase is a class of enzymes that play a key role in the process of cellular respiration and belongs to the oxidoreductase family. NADH Dehydrogenase can catalyze the oxidation of NADH and transfer electrons to other molecules. There are two main subtypes of this enzyme, namely proton transporting NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (such as complex I in mitochondria and NDH-1 in bacteria) and non-proton transporting NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (such as NDI, NDE in mitochondria and NDH-2 in bacteria). NADH dehydrogenase is in an upstream position in the electron transport chain, accepts electrons provided by NADH, and interacts with a variety of proteins. For example, in mammalian cells, AIFM1, as a type of NADH dehydrogenase, interacts with MIA40 and participates in the assembly and maintenance of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. Its main function is to participate in mitochondrial respiration. During the electron transfer process, it generates energy for cells by oxidizing NADH. It also plays an important role in regulating cell apoptosis. For example, some NADH dehydrogenases can produce pro-apoptotic fragments and trigger cell death. Mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase deficiency is associated with a variety of mitochondrial diseases, such as mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. In cystic fibrosis, the activity and properties of NADH Dehydrogenase are altered, affecting the course of the disease. Type I NADH Dehydrogenase (NDH-1) is involved in inhibiting host macrophage apoptosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, affecting the virulence of the pathogen and the course of infection^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}.